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5 protocols using phenyl isothiocyanate

1

Amino Acid Analysis by PITC Derivatization

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Oxaloacetic acid, α-ketoglutaric (2-oxoglutaric) acid, ammonia solution, hydroxyammonium sulfate, amino acids standard solution (Type H), phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC), PTC-amino acid mobile phase solutions A and B, and a Wakosil-PTC column were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Pyruvic and glyoxylic acids were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). 4-Metyl-2-oxovaleric acid and an L-amino acid quantification kit were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC (St. Louis, MO, USA). An L-glutamate kit YAMASA NEO was purchased from Yamasa Corporation (Choshi, Japan). Electrodes, including gold disks (ø = 3 mm), Pt coils, and Ag|AgCl|sat. KCl, were purchased from BAS Inc., (Tokyo, Japan).
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2

Quantification of Anserine and Related Compounds

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Anserine (Figure 1), carnosine, L-histidine, 1-methyL-histidine, β-alanine, phenylephrine, acetonitrile, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, aminoadipic acid, triethylamine and phenyl isothiocyanate were purchased from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical (Osaka, Japan). Hydrophilic nylon syringe filters (0.45 μm) were purchased from Hamach Scientific (Xi’an, China). Anserine, carnosine, L-histidine, 1-methyL-histidine and β-alanine were dissolved in distilled water and filtered before used. Marine Active® was provided by Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (Shizuoka, Japan) and stored at 4 °C. Marine Active® contains 38% anserine, 26.2% L-histidine, 3.4% carnosine and 32.4% others.
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3

Lipid Profiling of Human Plasma

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Acetonitrile, chloroform, isopropanol, and methanol were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) for the LC/MS analyses. Formic acid, ammonium formate (1 mol/L) and phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Purified water was obtained from a Milli-Q Gradient system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Ethanol was purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). The mixture of ISs (UltimateSPLASHTM ONE) and the chemical standards of lipid species were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA) and Millipore-Sigma Ltd. (Burlington, MA, USA). Pooled normal human plasma, Na EDTA (IPLA-N, Lot: 26393), was purchased from Innovative Research, Inc. (Novi, MI, USA). The reference material (NIST SRM 1950 plasma, NIST QC) [61 (link)] was purchased from Merck Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany).
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4

Amino Acid Profiling Using HPLC

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The amino acid standard mixture (Type H), acetonitrile (for high performance liquid chromatography: HPLC), trimethylamine, and phenyl isothiocyanate were all purchased from Wako Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). Hydroxyproline and 0.25% trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution were purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly were obtained from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland). Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (D-PBS) and gentamicin were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with L-glutamine (584 mg/L) was from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 was purchased from Dojin Glocal (Kumamoto, Japan). Calf acid-soluble type I collagen solution (0.5%; ⅠAC-50) was purchased from Koken (Tokyo, Japan). Here, 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxy succinimidyl carbamate (AccQ) was obtained from Waters Corporation (Milford, MA, USA). All other reagents were of analytical grade or better.
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5

Amino Acid Analysis by HPLC

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A standard mixture of amino acids (Type H), Hyp, acetonitrile (high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), and phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) were purchased from Wako Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). All other reagents were of analytical grade or better. Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly were purchased from Bachem (Bubendort, Switzerland). An AG 50W-×8, ion exchanger resin was purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Hercules, CA, USA). The AccQ Tag was purchased from Waters (Milford, MA, USA), and consisted of the 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate reagent (AccQ), acetonitrile, and 0.2 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 8.8). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline were purchased from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Gentamicin was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA), and a BWT S-1820, fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Biowest (Nuaillé, France). Calf acid-soluble type I collagen solution (0.3%) was purchased from Nippi (Tokyo, Japan), and the Cell Counting Kit-8 was purchased from Dojin Glocal (Kumamoto, Japan).
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