Lactose

Buffers were prepared or diluted with ddH₂O, if not otherwise indicated. d(+)-galactose was purchased from AppliChem GmbH (Darmstadt, Germany). α-d-(+)-glucose, d-(+)-melibiose monohydrate, N-acetylneuraminic acid, β-d-gentiobiose, and lactose were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG (Karlsruhe, Germany). N,N′-diacetylchitobiose was purchased from Carbosynth Limited (Berkshire, UK). d-sorbitol, d-(+)-xylose, l-rhamnose monohydrate, and N-acetyl-d-galactosamine were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). 1,4-β-d-galactobiose, galactan, and laminaribiose were purchased from Megazyme (Bray, Ireland). Sucrose and dithiothreitol (DTT) were purchased from Fisher Chemical (Schwerte, Germany). d-(+)-maltose monohydrate was purchased from TCI Deutschland GmbH (Eschborn, Germany). d-(+)-mannose was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific GmbH.—Acros Organics (Schwerte, Germany). N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamin was purchased from GLYCON Biochemicals GmbH (Luckenwalde, Germany). 2α-mannobiose was purchased from Dextra Laboratories Ltd. (Reading, UK).