Neutral buffered formalin (NBF), Quadrol®, triethanolamine and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) dilactate were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Normal goat serum was purchased from ThermoFisher. Urea and sucrose were purchased from Chem-Supply. Triton-X-100 was purchased from VWR International. The following primary antibodies were used for immunostaining: chicken anti-GFP (Abcam, ab13970, batch #s GR3190550-3 and -12), rat anti-F4/80 (Novus, NB600-404), rat anti-keratin 8 (DSHB, TROMA-I, batch #s 7/7/16 and 30/3/17), rabbit anti-keratin 5 (BioLegend, 905504, batch # B230397) and rabbit anti-SMA (Abcam, ab5694, batch # GR3183259-26). The following secondary antibodies were used: goat anti-chicken Alexa Fluor-488 (ThermoFisher, A21236), goat anti-rat Cy3 (ThermoFisher, A10522) and goat anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor-647 (ThermoFisher, A21245).
Urea
Manufactured by Chem-Supply
Sourced in Australia
Urea is a chemical compound with the formula CO(NH2)2. It is a colorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. Urea is commonly used in various laboratory applications, including as a reagent in chemical analyses and as a component in some buffer solutions.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Normal goat serum (ngs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
A10522, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
A21236, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole dilactate dapi, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
A 21245, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Triton x 100, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Alexa fluor 647, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Ab5694, by Abcam (1 mentions)
Ab13970, by Abcam (1 mentions)
Sucrose, by Chem-Supply (1 mentions)
Bca protein assay kit reducing agent compatible, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
N hexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ammonium bicarbonate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Arium pro ultrapure water system, by Sartorius (1 mentions)
Carbamazepine cbz, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ammonia solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium thiocyanate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anhydrous sodium sulphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anhydrous calcium chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acs reagent, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using urea
1
Immunohistochemistry Protocol for Tissue
2
Protein Extraction and Digestion
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All the reagents and chemicals used were of analytical grade. Tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris-HCl), dithiothreitol (DTT), iodoacetamide (IAM), n-hexane, ammonium bicarbonate, acetonitrile (ACN), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were from Sigma-Aldrich (Bayswater, VIC, Australia). Urea and formic acid were acquired from ChemSupply (Gillman, SA, Australia). Sequencing grade trypsin and protease inhibitor cocktail was purchased from Promega (Alexandria, NSW, Australia). BCA Protein Assay Kit Reducing Agent Compatible was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Scoresby, VIC, Australia). The HPLC-grade water (18 MΩ cm) was prepared using an Arium® pro ultrapure water system (Sartorius, Gottingen, Germany).
3
Characterization of Organic Micropollutants
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High purity (>98%) carbamazepine (CBZ) purchased from Sigma Aldrich, was selected as a model compound for this study. AR grade sulfamethoxazole (SMX), diclofenac sodium (DCF), mecoprop (MCP) and benzotriazole (BTA) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. HPLC grade methanol (MeOH) was received from UQ science store. Urea (99.0%) and 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ, 98.0%) were obtained from Chem-supply Pty Ltd. Isopropanol (IPA) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased form Novachem Pty Ltd. Triethanolamine (TEOA, 99%), 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol (TEMP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ammonium acetate and sodium azide (SAZ) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Pty Ltd. Ammonia solution (25%) was purchased from Merck. 1-Hydroxy-3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine (CPH) was supplied by United Bioresearch Products Pty Ltd. All reagents in the experiments were used directly without any further purification. MilliQ water (18.2 MΩ/cm) was used for all the experiments.
4
Functionalization of Silica Gel for Analytical Applications
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Trichloro(octadecyl)silane (≥90%), silica gel (DavisilTM, grade 644, 100–200 mesh, 150 Å, ≥99%), phenol red (ACS reagent) and sodium chloride (AR), potassium chloride (AR), anhydrous calcium chloride (AR), potassium phosphate monobasic (AR), potassium thiocyanate (AR), sodium sulphate anhydrous (AR), and sodium bicarbonate (AR) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. ARsealTM 90,880 polypropylene double-sided adhesive tape was purchased from Adhesives Research. Cyclohexanes (AR), universal indicator pH 3–11, ammonia 30% solution (AR), and urea were provided by Chem-Supply, Australia. Milli-Q water (18 MΩ·cm resistivity) was used to prepare all the solutions. Different concentrations of ammonium hydroxide solution were freshly prepared and determined using acid-base titration.
5
Bamboo Paper-based Biomaterials Fabrication
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Bamboo paper was purchased from the local market. Glycerol, melamine, and agarose was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Sulfuric acid (98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Urea and ethanol were purchased from Chem‐Supply. Unless otherwise noted, Milli‐Q water with a resistance >18.2 MΩ cm−1 was used for all experiments.
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