Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was carried out using a Zetasizer Nano-SZ (Malvern Instruments, Palaiseau, France) on the suspension of NPs in dichloromethane.
Zetasizer nano sz
Manufactured by Malvern Panalytical
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Zetasizer Nano SZ is a lab equipment product from Malvern Panalytical. It measures the size and size distribution of particles, molecules, and colloids in a sample using dynamic light scattering technology.
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Lab products found in correlation
Nicolet is50, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Vacuum rotary evaporator, by IKA Group (1 mentions)
Spectrum two ft ir spectrometer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Ultima 4, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
Uv 6000 spectrophotometer, by Metash (1 mentions)
Tecnai t12 spirit microscope, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Cary 8454, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Zetasizer nano z, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
Jem 2100f, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Clariostar, by BMG Labtech (1 mentions)
Smartlab 9 kw, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
Mpms xl 7, by Quantum Design (1 mentions)
Sta 449 c jupiter, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
Leo 912, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Mp diffractometer, by STOE (1 mentions)
11 protocols using zetasizer nano sz
1
Nanoparticle Size Characterization by DLS
2
Curcuminoid Nanoemulsion Formulation
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Turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa) powder was obtained from Herbal Medicine House (Yogyakarta, Indonesia). The powder was sieved through a 40-mesh sieve and macerated for 3 days in 96% ethanol. To obtain the viscous curcuminoid extract [8 ], the macerate was filtered and concentrated with a rotary vacuum evaporator (IKA Works [Asia], Malaysia) at a temperature of 40°C. The extract was then homogenized with Tween 80, virgin coconut oil, and polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) surfactants at 250× g for 10 min [9 ]. The average nanoemulsion droplet size was analyzed using a Zetasizer Nano SZ (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., Malvern, UK), as described by Jiang and Charcosset [10 (link)].
3
Comprehensive Characterization of Biogenic AuNPs
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The AuNPs were characterized using six different techniques: Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) analysis was performed using a UV-6000 spectrophotometer (METASH Instruments Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China), to determine the presence of nanoparticles. The spectra were recorded from 300 nm to 800 nm using quartz cuvettes.
The crystalline nature and crystal size were evaluated by X-ray Diffraction, employing an Ultima IV diffractometer (Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The radiation used was Cu Kα and the 2θ degree range was from 20 to 80°.
The morphology and particle size were analyzed in a Hitachi SU8230 cold-field emission scanning electron microscope (Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) with an accelerating voltage of 1 kV.
Hydrodynamic particle size using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential of the AuNPs were analyzed with a Zetasizer Nano-SZ (Malvern Panalytical, Worcestershire, United Kingdom) using a dispensable folded capillary cell (DTS1070) for the zeta potential.
Finally, the organic compounds involved in the reduction and stabilization of the AuNPs were suggested based on the functional groups determined by the FT-IR spectroscopy technique, using a Spectrum Two FT-IR Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). The FT-IR spectra were recorded using a wavelength from 400 to 4000 cm−1 on dried samples.
The crystalline nature and crystal size were evaluated by X-ray Diffraction, employing an Ultima IV diffractometer (Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The radiation used was Cu Kα and the 2θ degree range was from 20 to 80°.
The morphology and particle size were analyzed in a Hitachi SU8230 cold-field emission scanning electron microscope (Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) with an accelerating voltage of 1 kV.
Hydrodynamic particle size using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential of the AuNPs were analyzed with a Zetasizer Nano-SZ (Malvern Panalytical, Worcestershire, United Kingdom) using a dispensable folded capillary cell (DTS1070) for the zeta potential.
Finally, the organic compounds involved in the reduction and stabilization of the AuNPs were suggested based on the functional groups determined by the FT-IR spectroscopy technique, using a Spectrum Two FT-IR Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). The FT-IR spectra were recorded using a wavelength from 400 to 4000 cm−1 on dried samples.
4
Exosome Characterization by DLS
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Exosomes derived from serum/plasma were characterized with respect to size and homogeneity by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique using a Zetasizer Nano SZ instrument (Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK) at 25 °C with a refractive index of 1.38.
5
Characterizing Nanoparticle Properties
6
Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation of Colloidal Polymer Micelles
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AF4
was performed using an AF2000 system (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany),
equipped with an absorbance 2487 and fluorescence 2475 detector (Waters),
a PN3150 RI detector (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany), a PN3621b
multiangle light scattering (MALS) detector with 21 detection angles
with a 488 nm laser (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany), and a Zetasizer
Nano SZ (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., U.K.). The separation channel included
a 500 μm spacer and a regenerated cellulose membrane with a
10 kDa cutoff (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany). Phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS, 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8 mM Na2HPO4, and 2 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.4) filtered with an
Omipore 0.1 μm PTFE membrane (Merck Millipore Ltd, Ireland)
was used as the mobile phase. Samples of CCPMs (60 μL of ∼15
mg/mL) were injected into the channel with an autosampler, focused
for 7 min at a focus flow rate of 4.3 mL/min and crossflow of 4.0
mL/min, and separated using the elution profile given inTable 1 . Data were analyzed
and processed using NovaFFF AF2000 software (Postnova Analytics GmbH,
Germany). A sphere model was employed for fitting MALS data and to
calculate the radius of gyration (Rg).
was performed using an AF2000 system (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany),
equipped with an absorbance 2487 and fluorescence 2475 detector (Waters),
a PN3150 RI detector (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany), a PN3621b
multiangle light scattering (MALS) detector with 21 detection angles
with a 488 nm laser (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany), and a Zetasizer
Nano SZ (Malvern Panalytical Ltd., U.K.). The separation channel included
a 500 μm spacer and a regenerated cellulose membrane with a
10 kDa cutoff (Postnova Analytics GmbH, Germany). Phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS, 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8 mM Na2HPO4, and 2 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.4) filtered with an
Omipore 0.1 μm PTFE membrane (Merck Millipore Ltd, Ireland)
was used as the mobile phase. Samples of CCPMs (60 μL of ∼15
mg/mL) were injected into the channel with an autosampler, focused
for 7 min at a focus flow rate of 4.3 mL/min and crossflow of 4.0
mL/min, and separated using the elution profile given in
and processed using NovaFFF AF2000 software (Postnova Analytics GmbH,
Germany). A sphere model was employed for fitting MALS data and to
calculate the radius of gyration (Rg).
7
Dynamic Light Scattering and Zeta Potential Analysis
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DLS and zeta-potential measurements were performed with a Malvern Zetasizer Nano SZ. Samples were prepared by pouring the dispersion into disposable folded cuvettes in the case of DLS and into DTS1070 cells for zeta-potential measurement.
8
Characterization of Nanocomposite Materials
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The morphology of nanocomposites was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM Jeol JEM-2100F). X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku SmartLab 9kW) was used to confirm the crystal phase. Particle sizes and zeta potentials were examined by a Zetasizer Nano-ZS from Malvern Instruments (Zetasizer Nano-SZ). The functional groups of the prepared nanocomposite were examined via a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (Thermo Scientific Nicolet IS50). UV-Vis spectra were determined by using a UV-Vis spectroscopy (Agilent Cary 8454). The photothermal agents were irradiated by an 808-nm continuous-wave NIR laser (Hi-Tech Optoelectronics Co., Beijing, China). The amount of Se and Au in the nanocomposite was measured by an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The amount of DOX loaded into AuNCs/DOX@Se-iRGD was determined according to a previous report.24 (link) Firstly, the DMSO-digesting method was used to decompose AuNCs/DOX@Se-iRGD to release the encapsulated DOX from this nanosystem. Then, the DOX concentration was measured by a multimode microplate reader (BMG LABTECH CLARIO star) with the Ex/Em wavelength at 485/590 nm to analyze drug loading capacity.
9
Characterization of Nanoparticle Size and Zeta Potential
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The hydrodynamic diameter (z‐average, z‐ave) of the NS was determined by dynamic light scattering, using a Zetasizer™ Nano SZ (Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire, UK). Particle size by dynamic light scattering gives the hydrodynamic radius of particles. The results are the z‐average, which is the intensity‐weighted mean diameter of the bulk population and the PDI, which is a measure of the width of the size distribution. Samples were diluted in water to a suitable concentration prior to analysis. The Zetasizer™ was also used for measurement of zeta potential. Zeta potential was measured by applying an electric field across the CL‐NS solutions using the technique of laser doppler anemometry. All measurements were carried out at 25 ± 2°C using folded capillary cells.
10
Comprehensive Nanomaterial Characterization Protocol
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The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of nanopowders was carried out on a STOE-STADI MP diffractometer equipped using graphite-monochromated Mo Kα radiation (0.71073 Å) source and operating in transmission mode. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded with PerkinElmer FTIR spectrophotometer 400 in the range 400–4000 cm−1. Scanning electron micrographs were performed on a Nova Nano SEM 430 Company FEI (max. acceleration voltage 30 kV). Electron-X-ray spectroscopy was performed on an Apollo X EDAX (working distance 5 mm; entry angle 35°). The morphologies and composition of the samples were observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) using Zeiss LEO 912 instrument equipped with LaB6-cathode operated at 120 kV high voltage. The dynamic light scattering experiments (DLS) were measured with a Malvern instruments Zetasizer Nano SZ. Phases of thin films were determined Magnetic measurements were performed with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer (Quantum Design, MPMS XL-7). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) characterization was performed on Netzsch STA 449C Jupiter. Samples were characterized in Al2O3 chamber in atmosphere of dry nitrogen or synthetic air (80% N2 + 20% O2), flow: 70 cm3 min−1, heating ramp 10 °C min−1 to 900 °C.
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