Labview graphical software

The values of membrane capacitance (C m ), membrane resistance (R m ), and access resistance (R a ) were calculated according to Lindau and Neher (1988) (link) and were monitored real-time using LabVIEW graphical software (National Instruments, Austin, TX). In the analysis, the current reversal potential was assumed to be 0 mV. Note that errors or changes in reversal potential do not cause appreciable error in the estimated values of C m and R a when R m ) R a (see Supplemental Material and Fig. S2A). In all experiments R m > 100 R a and in many cases R m > 1000 R a . To compare effects between cells, solvent-induced changes in passive electrical membrane parameters were normalized to values shortly prior to solvent application. Results are presented as mean AE standard error of the mean (SEM) of n independent experiments. Each cell was measured in a different culture dish and the different types of experiments were performed over periods generally including multiple culture passages. Statistical significance was assessed by a two-tailed Student's t-test, and by one-way ANOVA when determining concentration-dependence of the observed effects.