Phenol

Manufactured by Maclin Biochemical Technology

Sourced in China

Phenol is a chemical compound commonly used as a reagent in biochemical and analytical laboratory applications. It is a white crystalline solid with a distinctive, pungent odor. Phenol's core function is to serve as a solvent and extracting agent for various organic compounds, including proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules.

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Folin–Ciocalteu's phenol reagent (4 citations) 3-phenyl phenol (2 citations)

13 protocols using phenol

Buckwheat Seed Antioxidant Characterization

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Tartary buckwheat seeds (Hefeng No. 1) were cultivated in Datong, Shanxi Province, China, and were acquired from Beijing Green Valley Sprout Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Rutin, gallic acid, and γ-Amino butyric acid standard were purchased from Shanghai solarbio Bioscience & Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The analytical grade chemicals, such as Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid (GA), sodium carbonate, sodium hypochlorite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid, glucose anhydrous, aluminum chloride, potassium acetate, o-phthalaldehyde, copper sulfate, potassium sulfate, sulfuric acid, boric acid, ethanol, ethyl acetate, hydrochloric acid, trichloroacetic acid, sodium acetate, phenol, potassium persulfate, sodium hydroxide, and aluminum chloride were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). In addition, 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), acetone, and methanol (HPLC grade) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) kit was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).

Wang Y., Nie Z, & Ma T. (2022). The Effects of Plasma-Activated Water Treatment on the Growth of Tartary Buckwheat Sprouts. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 849615.

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Enzymatic Valorization of Agro-Wastes

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Potato dextrose water was purchased from Hope Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China. 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), phenol (PH, > 99%), 4-chlorophenol (CP, > 99%), and bisphenol A (BPA, > 99%) were acquired from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. Filters of DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephadex G-75 were purchased from Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. All other chemical reagents used were analytical grade. Agricultural wastes (rice straw, wheat bran, sugarcane bagasse, pine sawdust, pomelo peel, navel orange peel, and rapeseed oil cake) were purchased from Taobao Mall, a Chinese online retail platform. These agro-wastes were dried and ground into powder (60 mesh).

Cen Q., Wu X., Cao L., Lu Y., Lu X., Chen J., Fu G., Liu Y, & Ruan R. (2022). Green production of a yellow laccase by Coriolopsis gallica for phenolic pollutants removal. AMB Express, 12, 96.

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Optimized DNA Amplification Protocol

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Primer STAR HS DNA polymerase (Takara, Dalian, China) was used for PCR. Restriction endonucleases and a DNA purification kit were purchased from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, USA). Plasmid and genomic DNA were extracted using the Plasmid Miniprep Purification kit (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China) and the TIANGEN pre kit (Tiangen, Beijing, China), respectively. Oligonucleotide synthesis and sequence analyses were performed by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China). Hemin and 5‐aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Phenol, hydroquinone, mevastatin, pravastatin sodium, daidzein, and 7,3′,4′‐trihydroxyisoflavone were obtained from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Other chemicals obtained were of the highest commercial grade available from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China).

Hu B., Yu H., Zhou J., Li J., Chen J., Du G., Lee S.Y, & Zhao X. (2022). Whole‐Cell P450 Biocatalysis Using Engineered Escherichia coli with Fine‐Tuned Heme Biosynthesis. Advanced Science, 10(6), 2205580.

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Rapid Pyrolysis of Poplar Sawdust

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Bio-oil was produced from rapid pyrolysis of Poplar Sawdust at 500 °C. Urea, Phenol and Paraformaldehyde were analytical grade and purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Ai T., Wang Z., Zhang H., Hong F., Yan X, & Su X. (2019). Novel Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Bio-Phenol Resin and Its Molten Salt Activation of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode. Materials, 12(12), 1986.

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SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Protocol

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Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid, sodium chloride (NaCl), m ethanol and ethanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Pepsin 1:3000 (enzyme activity 3000–3500 NFU/g) was purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Phenol was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). An Omni-Easy^TM One-Step PAGE Gel Fast Preparation Kit (7.5%, Cat# PG211) was purchased from Shanghai Epizyme Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). A 5×SDS-PAGE Loading Buffer (Reducing, Cat# CW0027S) was purchased from Jiangsu Cowin Biotech Co., Ltd. (Taizhou, China). A 10×Tris/Glycine/SDS Buffer (Cat# 1610732) and Precision Plus Protein Dual Color Standards with MW of 10–250 kDa (Cat# 1610374) were purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc. (Hercules, CA, USA). Coomassie brilliant blue R250 was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All reagents used were of analytical grade unless otherwise stated.

Pan Z., Ge B., Wei M., Elango J, & Wu W. (2023). Isolation and Biochemical Properties of Type II Collagen from Blue Shark (Prionace glauca) Cartilage. Marine Drugs, 21(5), 260.

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Genomic DNA and plasmid extraction protocol

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PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase used for PCR was purchased from Takara (Dalian, China). The kits for genomic DNA and plasmid extraction, and DNA gel purification were purchased from Takara, Sangon (Shanghai, China), and Thermo Scientific (Shanghai, China), respectively. Sangon performed oligonucleotide synthesis and Sanger sequencing. ALA, methanol, and acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Phenol and hydroquinone were obtained from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Other chemicals were purchased from Sangon unless otherwise specified.

Yu F., Zhao X., Zhou J., Lu W., Li J., Chen J, & Du G. (2023). Biosynthesis of High‐Active Hemoproteins by the Efficient Heme‐Supply Pichia Pastoris Chassis. Advanced Science, 10(30), 2302826.

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Polyphenol-Iron Dye Solution Formulations

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Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) sliced veneers were purchased from Yifeng County, Jiangxi Province, China, with dimensions of 350 mm × 130 mm × 0.7 ± 0.1 mm and with a moisture content of about 12 %. Fe (Ⅱ) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄⋅7H₂O, industrial grade, 96 % purity) was obtained from Aladdin Reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Tannic acid, gallic acid, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, phenol, methyl blue, and acacia were all AR, 99 % purity, obtained from Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Polyphenol-iron dye solutions, formulated using different reagents, were all fixed to 300 ml. The configured dye solution was subjected to a filtration process and stored in a static position protected from light. The types and contents of the components of different formulations of polyphenol-iron dye solution are shown in Table 1.Table 1

Specific ingredients and contents of the five polyphenol-iron solution formulations.

Table 1

Formula Number	Reagent	g/mL
①	TA	0.0117
	GA	0.0038
	FeSO₄·7H₂O	0.015
	10 % Hydrochloric acid	0.0125
	phenol	0.001
	Methyl Bule	0.0035
	Acacia	0.001
②	TA	0.0117
	GA	0.0038
	FeCl₂·4H₂O	0.015
	10 % Hydrochloric acid	0.0125
	phenol	0.001
	Methyl Bule	0.0035
	Acacia	0.001
③	FeSO₄·7H₂O	0.015
	TA	0.0117
	GA	0.0038
④	FeSO₄·7H₂O	0.015
④	TA	0.0117
⑤	FeSO₄·7H₂O	0.015
⑤	GA	0.0038

Zhu M., Liu S., Bai H., Huang Y., Yu Y, & Yu W. (2024). Effect of tannic/gallic acid-iron dyeing treatment on surface color and light fastness of bamboo veneer. Heliyon, 10(2), e24082.

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Fast Pyrolysis of Larix gmelinii Biochar

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Bio-oil, obtained in a fluidized bed at 550 °C via the fast pyrolysis of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen, was made at the Lab of Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass and Productive Utilization (Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China). Bio-oil is a complex mixture which contains water (30 wt %) and a broad range of organic compounds, including 33.42% Phenols, 29.56% ketones, 12.45% aldehydes, 10.05% polysaccharides, 9.33% organic acids, and 4.39% other compounds, such as esters and ethers. Phenol, paraformaldehyde, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and montmorillonite K-10 were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), petroleum ether (30–60), and phosphoric acid were provided by Beijing Chemical Industries Reagent Co., Ltd., Beijing, China. Tween-80 was supplied by Guanghua Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China.

Xu P., Yu Y., Chang M, & Chang J. (2019). Preparation and Characterization of Bio-oil Phenolic Foam Reinforced with Montmorillonite. Polymers, 11(9), 1471.

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Cellulase Enzyme Characterization

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Cellulase was supported by Dalian Meilun Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Dalian, China). DEAE Sepharose™ fast flow was purchased from GE Healthcare Life Science (Piscataway, NJ, USA). Phenol, potassium persulfate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Sodium hydroxide, ethanol, chloroform, N-butanol, sodium chloride and sulfuric acid were of analytical grade and were obtained from Guangzhou Reagent Co., Ltd (Guangzhou, China). 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) was purchased from Sigma Life Science (St. Louis, MO, USA). Rhamnose, l-arabinose, l-fucose, dl-xylose, d-mannose, d-glucose, and d-galactose were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). All other chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade.

Qiu K., Li Z., Long Y., Lu Z, & Zhu W. (2021). Study on extraction methods of polysaccharides from a processed product of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.. RSC Advances, 11(35), 21259-21268.

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Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Nanomaterials

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The chemicals, including anatase titanium dioxide (99.8%, 25 nm), rutile titanium dioxide (99.8%, 25 nm), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 96%), and phenol (99~100%) were purchased from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%) was purchased from Lingfeng Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Anhydrous ethanol (≥95%) was purchased from Anhui Ante Food Co., Ltd., while Acetonitrile (99.9%) was purchased from Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All chemicals were applied directly without further purification.

Zhang G., Jiang A., Huang X., Yuan T., Wu H., Li L, & Liu Z. (2022). Mechanism of One-Step Hydrothermally Synthesized Titanate Catalysts for Ozonation. Molecules, 27(9), 2706.

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