Xbp 1000

At the end of I/R procedure, left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVESP) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were monitored with six awake rats in each group with a non-invasive blood pressure system (XBP 1000, Kent Scientific, Torrington, CT, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Briefly, the rats were fastened in a restrainer for a long period for the acclimation to the device, which was judged by the absence of struggling. The factional shortening (FS) was calculated by assuming a spherical left ventricular geometry with the algorithms of ultrasound system using Philips iE33 system (Philips Ultrasound, Bothell, WA, USA). All the parameters were represented by at least three replicates.
After the measurement of hemodynamics parameters, heart tissues of rats in different treatments were harvested and preserved in -80°C for H&E staining, TTC staining, and further analysis.

First, 48 h before each experiment, the rats previously anesthetized using a volatile anesthetic (isoflurance) were shaved and depilated on the back and thighs using Veet^® depilatory cream (Reckitt Benckiser, Massy, France).
On the day of the experiment, the animal was anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of sodium thiopental at 65 mg/kg (Nesdonal; Merial, Lyon, France). After testing the ocular reflex and pinching the paw to control anesthesia depth, the animal was placed prone in an environmentally controlled incubator (MMS, Chelles, France) maintaining the skin temperature at 35.0 ± 0.5 °C. This cutaneous temperature was measured using a thermocouple (Physitemp BAT-12, Physitem instruments, Clifton, NJ, USA). Systolic arterial blood pressure was recorded noninvasively at the tail (XBP-1000, Kent Scientific, Torrington, CT, USA) before and at the end of the experiment to check its stability regarding the skin blood flow recording.
At least 10 min of observation was implemented for the stabilization of arterial blood pressure and skin temperature before starting the cutaneous microvascular measurements.

Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured using a noninvasive tail-cuff method (model XBP 1000, Kent Scientific, Torrington, CT) as described [55 (link)]. All measurements were taken in the morning, and the first 5 of 25 measurements taken each day was discarded to obtain data after the mouse was acclimatized to the equipment. Blood pressure was measured for 4 consecutive days, and mean values from individual mice were used for analysis.

SBP was measured in conscious restrained rats by tail-cuff plethysmography (XBP-1000 Kent Scientific, Torrington, CT, USA). The rats were preconditioned twice before SBP was measured at the basal period; the mean of five consecutive readings was recorded as the blood pressure, three and six weeks after renal ablation.