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Quantikine human cystatin c immunoassay

Manufactured by R&D Systems
Sourced in United States

The Quantikine® human cystatin C immunoassay is a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay designed to measure human cystatin C levels in cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma. It utilizes the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique.

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5 protocols using quantikine human cystatin c immunoassay

1

Quantifying Serum Cystatin C for eGFR

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The Quantikine® human cystatin C immunoassay (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was used to obtain the measurements of serum cystatin C. Using the cystatin C measurements, the eGFR values were derived using the following formula:
where cystatin C is in mg/L [40 (link)].
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2

Cystatin C-Based eGFR Estimation

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The measurement of serum cystatin C was performed using the Quantikine® human cystatin C immunoassay (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). From the cystatin C measurements, eGFR values were calculated using the following equation: eGFR = 70.69 × (cystatin C)−0.931, where cystatin C is in mg/L [32 (link)].
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3

Comparing Renal Function Measures

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Enrolled patients underwent 99 mTc-DTPA renal scan to measure the isotopic GFR. Serum and urine samples were collected on the same day of the renal scan. Serum samples were used to measure serum creatinine, CysC, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The Quantikine Human Cystatin C Immunoassay (R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was used to measure serum CysC on a CX7 analyzer (Beckman, Brea, CA, USA). Creatinine clearance (CCr) was calculated through the following equation: CCr = (urinary creatinine × 24 hours of urine volume)/(serum creatinine × 1440) [24 (link)]. GFR was furthermore calculated using six estimating formulae, Cockcroft-Gault formula [25 (link)], the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equations using 4 and 6 variables [26 (link), 27 (link)], and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations using creatinine alone (CKD-EPI Cr) [28 (link)], CysC alone (CKD-EPI CysC), or both CKD-EPI (Cr-CysC) [29 (link)] (Table 1). Isotopic GFR was used as the reference to which all other measures and estimating formulae of the renal function were compared. In this study, the upper limit of normal for serum creatinine was 1.2 mg/dL and early renal impairment was defined as a GFR of 60–89 mL/min.
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4

Measuring Serum Cystatin C for eGFR

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Measurement of serum cystatin C was performed using Quantikine® human cystatin C immunoassay (R&D Systems, MN, USA). From the serum cystatin C measurements, eGFR values were calculated using the equation eGFR = 70.69 × (cystatin C)−0.931, where cystatin C is in mg/l [29 (link)]. As serum collection was not performed when the participants were 4–6 years of age, eGFR reported herein was assessed at the subsequent study visit, when participants were 8–10 years of age.
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5

Comprehensive Hematological and Biochemical Assessment

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Laboratory investigations included CBC using Sysmex XT-1800i (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan), examination of Leishman-stained smears for differential white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin analysis by HPLC using D-10 (Bio-Rad, Marnes La Coquette, France), liver and kidney function tests, markers of hemolysis (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and indirect bilirubin), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as well as serum ferritin on Cobas Integra 800 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Patients with any clinical evidence of infection or hs-CRP >10 mg/L were excluded. Serum ferritin level was measured at the start of the study with calculation of the mean value of the last year prior to the study in order to know the ferritin trend.
Urinary albumin excretion (as an indicator of nephropathy) was measured in an early morning urine sample as albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) using Cobas Integra 800 (Roche Diagnostics). Nephropathy was defined as micro-or macroalbuminuria assessed by urinary albumin excretion in at least 2 of the 3 consecutive urine samples, 2 months apart. Microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria is present if UACR ¼ 30 to 299 mg/g creatinine or !300 mg/g creatinine, respectively. 28 Determination of serum levels of cystatin C was done by ELISA using Quantikine Human Cystatin C Immunoassay (R&D systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota).
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