All the reagents and chemicals were of high purity and analytical grade. Standard paclitaxel was procured from MP Biomedicals (USA). Media components used for the growth and maintenance of taxol-producing endophytes were purchased from Hi-Media (Mumbai). The electrophoresis reagents, molecular grade chemicals used for DNA isolation were purchased from SDFCL (India) and Sigma-Aldrich (USA), respectively. Pre-coated Silica gel 60, F254 TLC plates, and HPLC solvents were of HPLC grade and procured from Merck (Germany). Universal primers for ITS and dbat genes were procured from Sigma (USA) and Bioservice, respectively.
Hplc solvents
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United Kingdom, United States
HPLC solvents are high-purity liquids used as the mobile phase in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems. They facilitate the separation, identification, and quantification of various compounds in complex mixtures. These solvents play a crucial role in the efficient operation of HPLC instruments.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Apigenin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Kaempferol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Naringenin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethyl cellulose, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by HiMedia (2 mentions)
Carbopol 934, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
Dichloromethane, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Pre coated silica gel 60, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
F254 tlc plate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Zorbax eclipse xdb c18 column, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Silica gel 60 gf254, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rp 18f254 plates, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chrysin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Genistein, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rutin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Alpha amylase from porcine pancreas, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium potassium tartrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
21 protocols using hplc solvents
1
Paclitaxel production by endophytes
2
Purification and Analysis of Compounds
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Silica gel 60 GF254 (Merck) was used for vacuum liquid chromatography. Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) was carried out using silica gel 60 F254 and RP-18 F254 plates (Merck). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was conducted using a Shimadzu system equipped with a LC-6 AD pump and a Diode Array Detector (SPD-M20A), as well as a Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (9.4 × 250 mm, 5 μm particle size, Agilent); mobile phase acetonitrile – water (9:1 v/v); flowrate 1 mL/min, injection volume 500 μL, wavelength 254 nm and 365 nm. HPLC solvents were purchased from Merck.
3
Flavonoid Standards for HPLC Analysis
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Apigenin, Quercetin, Naringenin, Chrysin, Genistein, Daidzein, Kaempferol, and Rutin from Sigma–Aldrich® HPLC solvents were purchase from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
4
HPLC and Enzymatic Bioassays of Phenolics
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HPLC standards, apigenin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, luteolin, naringenin, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Santiago, Chile). Aluminum chloride hexahydrate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, ethanol absolute, formic acid, ferric chloride hexahydrate, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, hydrochloric acid, HPLC solvents, sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, and sodium-potassium tartrate were obtained from Merck (Santiago, Chile). Alpha-amylase from porcine pancreas, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 4-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, alpha-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ABTS (2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate)), acarbose, glacial acetic acid, potassium persulfate, starch, TPTZ (1,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride), and Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Santiago, Chile).
5
Paracetamol Formulation Development
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Paracetamol (PCT) monoclinic FI was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Germany). Eudragit E 100 (EuE) polymer was obtained from Evonik Pharma Polymers (Germany). Hydrochloride acid was bought from Sigma Aldrich (Germany). Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400), Sodium hydroxide and HPLC solvents were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (Germany).
6
Topical Tazarotene Formulation
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Tazarotene was bought from Sigma–Aldrich (Germany). Polyvinyl Alcohol was purchased from HiMedia labs (Mumbai). Carbopol 934 was obtained from Loba chemie (India). Ethyl cellulose was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Tween 80 was purchased from Riedel-De häen (Seelze-Hannover, Germany). Dichloromethane, ethanol, sodium hydroxide and HPLC solvents were of analytical grade and obtained from Merck (Germany).
7
Formulation of Clindamycin HCl Topical Gel
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Clindamycin HCl was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Polyvinyl Alcohol was obtained from HiMedia labs (Mumbai). Carbopol 934 was bought from Loba chemie (India). Ethyl cellulose was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Dichloromethane, Ethanol, Sodium hydroxide and HPLC solvents were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (Germany).
8
Synthesis of 2-phenylamino-1,4-dihydroimidazole-5-one
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All the starting materials, reagents and solvents were commercialized from Sigma Aldrich in reagent grade and used as received. NMR solvents were purchased from Eurisotop. HPLC solvents were from Merck.
Synthesis of 2-phenylamino-1,4-dihydroimidazole-5-one (5): 16.0 g (0.43 mol, 1 eq.) of sodium hydride was added in portion to the solution of 50.0 g (0.43 mol, 1 eq.) of thiohydantoin (2) dissolved in 200 ml of abs. DMF at 0-5 C for 10 min, then allowed to RT and the stirring was continued for 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled back to 0-5 C, then 24.0 g (0.41 mol, 0.95 eq.) of MeI was added dropwise and stirred for 30 min at RT. Finally, 40.0 g (0.43 mol 1 eq.) of aniline (4) was added and stirred for 5-18 h at 100-110 C. The conversion was followed by HPLC. The reaction mixture was poured into 300 ml of icy-water and the solids formed were collected by filtration, washed with water and dried.
Synthesis of 2-phenylamino-1,4-dihydroimidazole-5-one (5): 16.0 g (0.43 mol, 1 eq.) of sodium hydride was added in portion to the solution of 50.0 g (0.43 mol, 1 eq.) of thiohydantoin (2) dissolved in 200 ml of abs. DMF at 0-5 C for 10 min, then allowed to RT and the stirring was continued for 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled back to 0-5 C, then 24.0 g (0.41 mol, 0.95 eq.) of MeI was added dropwise and stirred for 30 min at RT. Finally, 40.0 g (0.43 mol 1 eq.) of aniline (4) was added and stirred for 5-18 h at 100-110 C. The conversion was followed by HPLC. The reaction mixture was poured into 300 ml of icy-water and the solids formed were collected by filtration, washed with water and dried.
9
Antioxidant Activity Evaluation Protocol
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Reagents such as gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), 2 N Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent solution, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,20-azino-bis-[3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]), AAPH (2,′2.Azobis [2.methylpropionamidine]), pepsin (P7012), pancreatin (P1750), TPTZ (2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine), phosphate buffered saline (Sigma P-3813, Darmstadt, Germany), dialysis tubing (D-9527), chromatography standards, and HPLC-solvents were from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). The rest of the chemical reagents were of analytical grade. Propylene bags were obtained from GrainPro (Concord, MA, USA).
10
Nanoparticle Preparation and Cellular Uptake
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