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Fm5 95 dye

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

The FM5-95 dye is a fluorescent dye used for labeling and detection in various biological applications. It has a maximum excitation wavelength of 495 nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 515 nm, making it suitable for use with common fluorescence detection systems. The dye can be used to label and visualize a variety of biological targets, including proteins, nucleic acids, and other molecules.

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3 protocols using fm5 95 dye

1

Microscopic Visualization of Bacterial Cells

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To visualize cells overnight cultures grown at 30°C in CH medium were diluted 1:100 into fresh medium. For sporulation, cells were grown at 37°C. For visualisation of protein fusions to GFP, cells were grown at 30°C. 0.7 µl cells were spotted onto thin ∼1.2% agar pads (containing 10% of the growth medium). Microscopic visualisation of cells was carried out as described (Murray and Koh, 2014; Adams et al., 2015). Membranes were stained with 0.4 µg.ml−1 FM5‐95 dye (Invitrogen). When necessary data were analysed using the Metamorph software (fluorescent trapping assays) and ImageJ (http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij) containing the ObjectJ plugin (cell length and oriC‐pole distance measurements). Standard deviations are from at least three experiments.
Two colour colocalisation imaging was performed using a Nikon Eclipse Ti microscope equipped with a Nikon CFP APO TIRF x100/1.49 oil objective, 488 nm and 561 nm solid‐state lasers, and Andor Xion X3 EMCCD camera. All image capture was conducted using Nikon NIS elements 4.0. Cells were immobilized on 1.5% agarose slides.
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2

Cell Diameter Measurement by Microscopy

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Phase-contrast microscopy was performed using Olympus BX41 light microscope. Fluorescent microscopy was performed using Leica Thunder Imager 3D Cell Culture equipped with a Leica DFC9000 GTC CMOS camera. DNA of the cells was strained by NucBlue™ LiveReadyProbes™ Reagent (Life Technologies #R37605) according to the manufacturer's recommendations, prior to microscope analysis. To stain the cytoplasmic membrane, FM 5-95 dye (Invitrogen #T23360) was added to cell suspension to a final concentration 5 μg ml À1 and incubated for 1 min before analysis. Cell diameter was measured manually by taking a random diameter using Fiji software (Schindelin et al., 2012) .
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3

Temperature-Induced Cell Imaging Protocol

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Cells were grown to mid-log phase as previously described. We pelleted the cells at 1600 x g for 5 min and resuspended them in 200 µL of fresh LB. We added FM5-95 dye (Invitrogen) to a concentration of 4 µg/mL from a stock solution in water. We sonicated a glass bottom dish (MatTek) in Helmenex followed by 100 % ethanol. We plated 5 µL of cells onto the glass bottom 5 coverslip dish and covered it with a 1% agarose LB pad, approximately 1-2 cm wide, square. We put a lid on the glass bottom dish and incubated it at 30°C for 30 min.
To perform the t jump, we transferred the glass bottom dish with the cells into a 42.5°C microscope incubator (Oko labs). We imaged the cells with a Nikon Eclipse Ti2 microscope with NIS Elements software and a heated objected. We excited the sample at 560 nm and collected emissions above 630 nm. We took a time-lapse of a single field of view with 1 frame/min.
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