18FDG (5 MBq/kg) was administered and imaging was initiated about 60 min later. The Gemini XL PET/CT scanner (Philips Medical systems) was used. 18FDG-PET/CT scans were performed at treatment initiation and after two courses of NAC, to evaluate the early metabolic response (optional). The metabolic response was evaluated by determining the change in maximal standardized uptake value (SUV) in the breast tumor, and was defined as the percent change in SUV modification after two courses of NAC: ΔSUVmax (%) = 100 × (2nd cycle SUVmax − baseline SUVmax)/baseline SUVmax, as previously described [20 (link)].
Gemini xl
Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in United States
The Gemini XL is a laboratory instrument designed for X-ray diffraction analysis. It is capable of performing high-resolution, non-destructive evaluation of a wide range of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and thin films. The core function of the Gemini XL is to provide precise structural and compositional information about the samples being analyzed.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Discovery 690, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Omnipaque 300, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Discovery ste, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Discovery 600, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Biograph truev, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Gemini tf, by Philips (1 mentions)
Biograph hi rez, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Discovery st, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
4 protocols using gemini xl
1
Metabolic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
2
Standardized Ga-PSMA PET/CT Imaging Protocol
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PET and contrast enhanced CT (when not contraindicated) were acquired consecutively from head to the mid-thigh using a PET/CT system (Discovery 690, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, US or Gemini XL, Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH, US), approximately 60 min after the injection on average of 159 MBq (4.3 mCi) 68Ga-PSMA (range: 74 to 219.4 MBq, 2 to 5.9 mCi).
The following parameters were used for CT imaging: pitch 1.375:1, gantry rotation time 0.7 s, 120 kVp, automatically adjusted current in the range 100–650 mA, and a 2.5 mm slice thickness. A contrast enhanced CT scan was obtained 60 s after injection of 2 mL/kg of non-ionic contrast (Omnipaque 300; GE Healthcare). A PET scan followed in 3D acquisition mode for the same axial coverage. CT images were used for fusion with the PET data. PET images were reconstructed with CT attenuation correction using a 3D ordered subset expectation maximization (3D-OSEM) or a line of response row-action maximum-likelihood (LOR-RAMLA) algorithm.
The following parameters were used for CT imaging: pitch 1.375:1, gantry rotation time 0.7 s, 120 kVp, automatically adjusted current in the range 100–650 mA, and a 2.5 mm slice thickness. A contrast enhanced CT scan was obtained 60 s after injection of 2 mL/kg of non-ionic contrast (Omnipaque 300; GE Healthcare). A PET scan followed in 3D acquisition mode for the same axial coverage. CT images were used for fusion with the PET data. PET images were reconstructed with CT attenuation correction using a 3D ordered subset expectation maximization (3D-OSEM) or a line of response row-action maximum-likelihood (LOR-RAMLA) algorithm.
3
Robustness Study of PET/CT Scanners
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Eleven PET/CT scanners were used for the robustness study: n. 2 Discovery ST (S1, S2) [17 (link)], n. 1 Discovery STE (S3) [18 (link)], n. 2 Discovery 600 (S4, S5) [19 (link)], and n. 1 Discovery 690 (S6) [20 (link)] (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI), n. 1 Biograph HI-REZ (S7) [21 (link)] and n. 1 Biograph TRUEV (S8) [22 (link)] (SIEMENS Medical Solutions, Knoxville, TN), n. 1 Gemini XL (S9) and n. 2 Gemini TF (S10, S11) [23 (link)] (Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH). The technical characteristics and physical performances of the PET/CT scanners were derived from factory data and/or previous publications and are reported in Table 1 .
4
PET/CT Imaging Protocol for 18FDG Biodistribution
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Patients fasted for 6 hours and blood glucose level had to be less than 7 mmol/L. Imaging started 60 minutes after injection of 18FDG (5 MBq/kg); a 2 minutes per bed acquisition was performed from mid-thigh level to the base of the skull with the arms raised. The same PET/CT scanner was used for all the patients: the Gemini XL (Philips Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). CT data were acquired first (120 kV; 100 mAs; 0.813 pitch factor; no contrast enhancement). CT images were reconstructed with a pixel size of 1.17 mm. Reconstruction section thickness was 3 mm and the reconstruction interval was 2 mm. PET images were reconstructed with a isotropic voxel size of 4 mm. Accurate registration of CT reconstructed and PET reconstructed images was obtained by annual system alignment calibration of the bed, CT gantry, and PET gantry. The attenuation-corrected PET images were normalized for injected dose and body weight, and subsequently converted into standardized uptake values (SUVs), defined as: [tracer concentration (kBq/mL)] / [injected activity (kBq)/patient body weight (g)].
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