Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), sodium azide (NaN3), phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), resorufin, ethoxyresorufin, methoxyresorufin, erythromycin, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich Corp (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2-Amino-3,4 dimethylimidazo [4,5-f] quinolone (MeIQ), 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA), and 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide (AF-2) were provided by Wako Pure Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). Furthermore, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Collagenase type IV and 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were bought from the Gibco/Invitrogen Corp (Waltham, MA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Waltham, MA, USA). All standard phytochemicals were of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade, and all other chemicals were of analytical grade.
6 hydroxy 2 5 7 8 tetramethylchroman 2 carboxylic acid trolox
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, France, China, Spain, Australia, Poland, Chile, Canada, Singapore, Hungary
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) is a water-soluble vitamin E analog. It is a synthetic compound used as an antioxidant in various applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (115 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (92 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (66 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (47 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (42 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (41 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (40 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (40 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (33 mentions)
Catechin, by Merck Group (31 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (29 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (29 mentions)
2 2 azino bis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid diammonium salt, by Merck Group (23 mentions)
2 4 6 tripyridyl s triazine, by Merck Group (23 mentions)
Sodium acetate, by Merck Group (23 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (23 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (22 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (22 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Merck Group (21 mentions)
Rutin, by Merck Group (20 mentions)
342 protocols using 6 hydroxy 2 5 7 8 tetramethylchroman 2 carboxylic acid trolox
1
Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Analysis
2
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Potential
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Acarbose, acetic acid, 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), bovine serum albumin (BSA), dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA), dimethylsulfoxide, fluorescein, α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20, Saccharomyces cerevisiae type I, ≥10 Units/mg protein), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (trolox), luteolin, methanol, p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG), thiazolyl tetrazolium bromide, and vernodalol were purchased from Merck Life Science S.r.l. Milan, Italy. The purity of the standards was ≥97%, while for the other compounds it was at least of analytical grade. Specifically, the purity of luteolin was 98% and that of vernodalol was 95%.
3
Antioxidant Assays: Comprehensive Protocol
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The standard compounds and reagents (all of analytical grade): MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), H2O2 (peroxide hydrogen), o-dianisidine dihydrochloride, Peroxidase from horseradish Type VI, ferrous sulphate, gallic acid, Na2CO3, ferric chloride, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,4,6- tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ), (±)-6-hydroxy- 2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent, PBS were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Methanol and H2SO4 were purchased from (POCH, Gliwice, Poland). Ultrapure H2O (18.0 MΩ) was obtained with Milli-Q Advantage A10 system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The absorbance of reaction mixture in Folin-Ciocalteu, DPPH and FRAP assays were measured using a Genesys 20 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
4
Antioxidant Capacity Determination
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All chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade. 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 4, 6-tri (2-pyridyl)-l, 3, 5-triazine (TPTZ), Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent, sodium carbonate, gallic acid, quercetin, sodium chloride and aluminum chloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA), whereas 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
5
Rosemary and Lavender Essential Oils
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EOs and Hys from flowers and inflorescences of R. officinalis L. and inflorescences of L. angustifolia Mill. growing in Tuscany (San Donato in Poggio and Roccastrada, respectively), Italy and obtained by steam distillation, were directly provided by “èssenziale” Azienda Agricola, San Donato in Poggio (FI), Italy. The dates of collection of plants were: June 2020 for R. officinalis and July 2020 for L. angustifolia. Lysogeny Broth (LB) with agar, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), vinblastine sulfate, methanol, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) were from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Gentamicin sulfate was bought from Biochrom PAN-Bio-Tech GmbH (Aidenbach, Germany).
6
Comprehensive Reagent Inventory for Research
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All the chemicals used in this work were acquired in reagent grade or were suitable for cell culture. Agar (bacteriological), BCA Protein Assay Kit, d -(+)-Maltose monohydrate (95 %), l -(+)-Arabinose (99 %), peptone (bacteriological), and yeast extract were supplied by Thermo Fisher Scientific (USA). d -(+)-Xylose (98.5 %), Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent, methanol (99 %), sulfuric acid (98 %), and sodium acetate anhydrous (99.9 %) were obtained from PanReac AppliChem (Barcelona, Spain). Acetic acid (99.7 %), ammonium sulfate (99 %), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), calcium chloride (99.9 %), copper (II) sulfate anhydrous (99.9 %), gallic acid (97.5 %), l -(-)-Malic acid (99 %), l -(+)-tartaric acid (99 %), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (99 %), potassium chloride (99 %), potassium phosphate monobasic (99 %), sodium selenite (98 %), succinic acid (99 %), thiamine hydrochloride (99 %), and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) (97 %) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Glucose POD-GOD kit was obtained from Spinreact (Sant. Esteve de Bas, Girona, Spain). Citric acid (99.5 %), d -(+)-Glucose (97.5 %), and malt extract agar were supplied by Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain).
7
Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation of PLA/PBAT Blends
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All chemicals were of reagent grade and were used without further purification; Folin–Ciocalteau, 2,4,6-tri (2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), formic acid (FA), fluorescein, quercetin, gallic acid, potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox®), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), tetrahydrofuran (THF) were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The 2,2′-Azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) was purchased from Acros Organics. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), HPLC grade water, and acetonitrile (ACN) were bought from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). Analytical standards quercetin-3-O-glucoside and (17:1)-anacardic acid were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany); stearic acid was bought from Carlo Erba (Milan). Ecovio® F23B1 bio-based and bio-degradable PLA/PBAT pellets were purchased by BASF SE Global Marketing Biopolymers (Ludwigshafen Germany). They were used after an overnight stay in a vacuum oven at 50 °C.
8
Avocado Drying and Antioxidant Analysis
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Avocados (Persea americana Mill.) were bought at a local market. Maltodextrin DE10 (Ingredion, food-grade) was used as a drying agent. 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) and 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and other chemicals were products of Fisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA). All other materials used were of analytical grade.
9
Antioxidant Capacity Determination Protocol
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1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•); 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox); 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), FeCl3, acetonitrile, formic acid, and S, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Acetic acid was obtained from Chempur (PiekarySląskie, Poland). acetonitrile for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was purchased from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). Loganic acid, and Lo, p-CA, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA, chlorogenic acid), quercetin 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (Kp 3-gluc), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy 3-glc) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon Nord, France). All reagents were of analytical grade.
10
Standardized Compounds for Antioxidant Assays
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The standard compounds, including cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (90% purity), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (95% purity), cyanidin (95% purity), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) (98% purity), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) (98% purity), 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Neocuproine) (99% purity), potassium persulfate (99% purity), acetonitrile, formic acid, ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). cyanidin-3-O-galactoside and cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside standards were bought from Polyphenols (Sandnes, Norway). HCl, NaNO2, H2O2, and CuCl2 were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Lonza, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were purchased from Lonza Group Ltd. (Basel, Switzerland). Glutamine, penicillin and streptomycin, and amphotericin were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). The water used for experiments was treated in a Milli-Q water purification system.
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