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17 protocols using dual luciferase reporting kit

1

Cloning and Validating miR-26A1 Locus

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The genomic sequence of the miR-26A1 locus was amplified from the DNA genome of normal liver tissue, and the primer sequence was synthesized by SunnyBio (Shanghai, China), which was directly inserted into the pGL3 vector. The primers used in the construction of the pGL3-26A1 vector are shown in Supplementary Material, Table S1.
HEK293T cells were seeded in a six-well plate and cultured for 24 h. pGL3-26A1 were co-transfected with liposome 2000 and overexpressed miR-26A1 vectors, respectively. Luciferase and Renilla activity were measured at 48 h after transfection using a dual-luciferase reporting kit (Promega) according to the kit instructions.
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2

Characterizing miR-330-3p Regulation of PRRX1

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The 3ʹ-UTR of PRRX1 containing the miR-330-3p putative binding site was amplified and subcloned into the pGL3 luciferase promoter vector (Promega Corporation, Fitchburg, WI, USA). Then, the vector combined with miR-330-3p mimics was co-transfected into 293T cells for 48 h. Then, the cells were harvested and tested for relative luciferase activity using the dual-luciferase reporting kit (Promega Corporation) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Subsequently, miR-330-3p-inhibitor, miR-330-3p-mimics, and control sequences were co-transfected into GC cells by Lipofectamine 3000 (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The effect of miR-330-3p on PRRX1 protein expression was detected by, Western Blot. All experiments were performed 3 times.
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3

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Luciferase Assay

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Plasmids such as the HIF1α luciferase reporter gene and Renilla plasmid were transfected in cells according to different experimental needs, followed by a detailed operation according to the instructions of the Dual-Luciferase Reporting Kit (Promega). The luciferase activity was measured by a luminometer microplate reader for various groups of cells. The experimental results were analyzed by Prism 8.0 (GraphPad). The p < 0.05 was statistically significant.
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4

Validating miR-329-3p Binding to CTNND1

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The KCNQ1OT1 wild type containing the predicted miR-329-3p binding sites or mutant type constructed by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China) were amplified and cloned into the pGL3 vectors (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), the vectors were transfected into SW480 and LS1034 cells interacted with miR-329-3p mimics or control. Afterward, pGL3-WT-CTNND1 or -MUT-CTNND1 was transfected in the same way. After 48 h a dual-luciferase reporting kit (Promega) was used to detect luciferase activities.
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5

MiR-30d Regulation of Sox4 Expression

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The following two pmiR-RB-REPORT TM vectors were synthesized: Sox4 3ʹ-UTR with the putative target site of miR-30d (sox4 wt-3ʹ-utr); Sox4 3ʹ-UTR with mutation binding site (sox4 mut-3ʹ-UTR); 100ng of carrier (Sox4 WT-3ʹ-UTR, Sox4 Mut-3ʹ-UTR), miR-30d-mimics/inhibit and miR-NC (50 nM/well) were used together with Lipofectamine PTEN® 2000 reagent (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific) and transfected into 293T and SW1353. Analog control and Sox4 Mut-3ʹUTR were applied as NC. Fluorescein activity was tested by a dual luciferase reporting kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA).
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6

Hypoxia Regulation of IL-6 Promoter Activity

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The human IL6 promoter region (Supplementary table 2) was cloned into the pGL6 firefly reporter vector. The vector was transfected into 293 T cells using lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and cultured under normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2) conditions for 24 h. Cells were collected, lysed, and luciferase activity was measured using Dual‐Glo® Luciferase Assay System (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) in a Centro LB 960 Microplate Luminometer (Berthold).
Human B cells are transfected with PGLV6‐IL6‐promotor and PGLV6‐IL6p‐HBSdel plasmids using Thermo Fishers' Lipofectamine 3000 cell transfecting kit. The transfected B cells were then cultured for another 24 h in a 5% CO2 37°C incubator, with one plate placed in an Anaeropack to create a hypoxia situation while the other was placed in a normoxia environment before protein harvesting. Transfected human B cells were centrifuged at 4°C for 5 min at 450 g and then resuspended in RIPA lysis. After incubating on ice for 30 min, cell culturing plates were centrifuged at 4°C for 5 min at 1000 g. Cell lysis was transferred to a new black 96‐well plate, with 20 μL per well. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay was performed using Promega's dual‐luciferase reporting kit. A volume of 100 μL LAR was added to cell lysis for the first fluorescent signal measurement and 100 μL Stop&Glo reagent was added for the second measurement.
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7

Evaluating miR-149-5p Regulation of HSF4

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The TargetScan database was employed to predict the possible binding sites of HSF4 and mmu‐miR‐149‐5p which might target the 3′UTR of HSF4 at three positions: 159–165, 500–506 and 517–523. To determine the interaction between mmu‐miR‐149‐5p and HSF4, the wild‐type and mutated target sequence of HSF4 were cloned into luciferase vector plasmids (Genome Editech, Shanghai, China). The constructs were wild‐type HSF4 (HSF4 WT) and HSF4 mutant 1 (159–165) (HSF4 MT1), HSF4 mutant 2 (500–506) (HSF4 MT2) and HSF4 mutant 3 (517–523) (HSF4 MT3). For the luciferase assay, HEK‐293 cells were co‐transfected with (1) HSF4 WT together with the NC mimics or miR‐149‐5p mimics; (2) HSF4 MT1 together with the NC mimics or miR‐149‐5p mimics; (3) HSF4 MT2 together with the NC mimics or miR‐149‐5p mimics; (4) HSF4 MT3 together with the NC mimics or miR‐149‐5p mimics. Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to perform the transfection according to the manufacture's protocol. According to the instructions and prior to standardization of Renilla luciferase internal control, fireflies and Renilla luciferase activity were analysed using a dual luciferase reporting kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA).11
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8

Binding Site Luciferase Assay

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Ligation of the segments of MAP3K2 containing miR‐1208 and circRNA PUM1 binding sites was carried out respectively, into the pmirGLO vectors. With the mutating binding sites having miR‐1208, the construction of the mutant plasmids was performed. As per the guidelines of the manufacture, the HCCLM3 and MHCC97H cells were co‐transfected with the indicated reporter vectors and the NC or the miR‐1208 mimics employing Lipofectamine 3000 (Invitrogen, USA). Thereafter, following the manufacturer's guidelines, the luciferase activity was analysed applying the dual‐luciferase reporting kit (Promega, USA) after 48 hours of co‐transfection.
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9

Uncovering circPIP5K1A-miR-552-3p-JAK1 Interactions

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To investigate the effect of PHAG condition on circPIP5K1A, miR-552-3p, and JAK1in INS-1E cells, luciferase assay has been performed. This pathway participates in numerous momentous biological processes like immune modulation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Prediction of the latent binding link among circPIP5K1A, miR-552-3p, and JAK1 was through the website of starbase (http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn). The 3ʹUTR sequence of circPIP5K1A or JAK1 consisting of miR-552-3p wild-type (WT) or mutant (MUT) binding sites was integrated into the pmirGLO vector (Promega, WI, USA) to form WT-circPIP5K1A or MUT-circPIP5K1A and WT-JAK1 or MUT-JAK1, separately. Briefly the transfection of miR-552-3p or mimic-NC has been done by using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) by following the manufacturer’s protocol. After 48 h of transfection, luciferase activity was measured via dual-luciferase reporting kit (Promega) [19 (link)].
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10

Regulation of SYDE2 by miR-503-5p

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Cloning wild-type and mutant SYDE2 (WT/MUT-SYDE2) was into pmirGLO dual-luciferase vector (Ge-nePharma) to construct dual-luciferase reporter plasmids. Applying Lipofectamine 2000, co-transfection of HEK293T cells was with wild-type/mutant pmirGLO-SYDE2 and miR-503-5p mimic (or NC). Luciferase activity was analyzed after transfection by applying a dual luciferase reporting kit (Promega, USA).
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