Choline chloride 99

Hemp agro-waste (HW) was supplied by local producers (Fundão region, Portugal). Urea, Nutrient Agar (NA), Nutrient Broth (NB), Tween 80, and sodium chloride (NaCl) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Choline chloride 99% (ChCl) and glycerol were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Fisher Scientific, Leicestershire, UK). Poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA (115,000 g/mol) was provided from VWR Chemicals (VWR Chemicals, Leuven, Belgium). ABTS was acquired from Panreac (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain). Potassium persulfate was supplied from Acros Organics (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and K. pneumoniae (ATCC 4352) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA).

SDC Mutifiber DW was manufactured by James Heal. Sodium chloride (NaCl), ethanol, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄), DL-Lactic acid 90% (LA), and Choline chloride 99% (ChCl) were acquired from Fisher Scientific (Fisher Scientific, Leicestershire, UK). Ferrous sulphate (FeSO₄), L-Cysteine (L-Cys), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium dithionite (Na₂S₂O₄), peptone, nutrient agar (NA), nutrient broth (NB), brain heart infusion agar (BHI), hydrochloric acid (HCl), glycerol, and tween-80 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Agar-agar was acquired from Labkem (Labkem, Barcelona, Spain). The ECE reference detergent was provided by Bayer.

Wool waste was obtained from “A Transformadora, Lda”, a wool finishing manufacturer in Covilhã, Portugal. L-Cysteine (L-Cys), Urea, Mueller–Hinton Broth (MHB), Nutrient Agar (NA), Nutrient Broth (NB), Resazurin (7-hydroxy-3H-phenoxazin-3-one 10-oxide) dye, Tween 80, and Sodium chloride (NaCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). DL-Lactic acid 90% (LA), Choline chloride 99% (ChCl) were acquired from Fisher Scientific (Fisher Scientific, Leicestershire, UK). Poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA (115,000 g/mol) was provided from VWR Chemicals (VWR Chemicals, Leuven, Belgium). ABTS was purchased from Panreac (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain). Potassium persulfate was acquired from Acros Organics (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium).