L 798106

L-NAME, ACh, PE, the EP3 antagonist L798106, and the EP1 antagonist SC19220 were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). The COX-1 selective inhibitor FR122047, the IP antagonist CAY10441, the TP antagonist SQ29548, TP agonist U46619, PGI₂ and standard compounds of COX products were bought from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The selective COX-2 inhibitor rofecoxib was purchased from US Biological (Salem, MA, USA). L-NAME, PE, ACh, and FR122047 were dissolved in distilled water, while PGI₂ was dissolved in carbonate buffer (50 mM, pH 10.0). SQ29548, L798106, SC19220, CAY10441, and rofecoxib were dissolved in DMSO at 2,000-fold working concentration (the final concentration of DMSO was 0.05/100, v/v). The concentration of an inhibitor or antagonist used was based on previous reports, in which a selective inhibition of the effect of its intended target was considered to be achieved^{23 (link), 35 , 45 (link), 46 (link), 50 (link), 51 (link)}.
The composition of physiological salt solution (PSS; pH 7.4 with 95%O₂-5% CO₂) was as follows (in mM): NaCl 123, KCl 4.7, NaHCO₃ 15.5, KH₂PO₄ 1.2, MgCl₂ 1.2, CaCl₂ 1.25, and D-glucose 11.5. The 60 mM K⁺-PSS (K⁺) was prepared by replacing an equal molar of NaCl with KCl.

SC 51322, PF 04418948, L-798,106, L-161,982, amiloride, theophylline, indomethacin, acetazolamide, bumetanide, ouabain as well as salts for Ringer’s solution were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Brøndby, Denmark). GW627368X, TCS 2510, and Sulprostone were purchased Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Texas, USA). ONO-DI004 and ONO-AE1-259 were kindly provided by Ono Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). All other chemicals were of analytical grade.
Selection of receptor agonists and antagonists was based on a thorough search of available literature, with a preference for compounds tested on human tissue.

Recombinant human EGF and soluble EGFR were purchased from PeproTech (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA). PGE₂, L-798106, PP1 and SU6656 were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Butaprost (EP2 agonist), Sulprostone (EP3 agonist), L-902,688 (EP4 agonist), Tyrphostin AG-1478 and GM6001 were obtained from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). H89 and LY294002 were purchased from Calbiochem (Darmstadt, Germany). Go6983 was obtained from Tocris (Bristol, United Kingdom).

Rabbit anti‐EP2 (No. 101750) polyclonal antibody (Ab) was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company. Mouse anti‐GAPDH (CA92590) Ab was from Merck Millipore. Rat anti‐E‐cadherin (ab11512) Ab was from Abcam. The chemical inhibitors PF‐4708671 (PZ0143, 10 μM), indomethacin (I7378, 10–20 μM), L‐798106 (L4545, 10 μM), forskolin (F3917, 10 μM) and N⁶,2′‐O‐Dibutyryladenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (db‐cAMP) (D0627, 1–3 mM) were all purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich; NS398 (ab120295, 10–50 μM) and H‐89 (ab143787, 10–50 μM) were from Abcam; PGE₂ (163‐10814, 1–5 μM) was from Wako; SC‐560 (70340, 10–50 μM), ONO‐8711 (14070, 10 μM), PF‐04418948 (15016, 10 μM), butaprost (13740, 10 μM), U‐46619 (16450, 100 nM), 15(s)‐Fluprostenol (16787, 10 μM), sulprostone (14765, 10 μM), BW245C (12050, 10 μM) and Cicaprost (16831, 10 μM) were all from Cayman Chemical Company; ONO‐AE3‐208 (CS‐0315, 10 μM) was from Chemscene; and LY294002 (10 μM) and rapamycin (0.1 μM) were from Calbiochem.