Atcc crl 2095

Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL 27 (ATCC^® CRL-2095^™) were purchased from ATCC. Cells were grown in DMEM (Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium) with 4.5 g/L glucose supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 37 °C in a humid atmosphere with 5% CO₂ in air. At 70–90% confluency, cells were subcultured according to ATCC protocol.

Colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (Caco-2, ATCC HTB-37) and tongue squamous cell carcinoma (Cal27, ATCC CRL-2095) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (https://www.atcc.org/) (accessed on 5 March 2020) and cultured according to the guidelines provided by the organization.

The human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line CAL27 (ATCC, ATCC^® CRL-2095™) was purchased from ATCC, while the normal oral epithelial keratinocyte line HOK was purchased from AULU (Guangdong, China). CAL27 and HOK cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA). The complete cell culture medium contained 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco). The serum-free cell culture medium for carcinoma cells was prepared as DMEM containing 1% penicillin/streptomycin for a number of subsequent experiments (e.g., wound-healing assay, cell migration, and invasion assays). The cells were cultured in a humidified incubator at 37°C and 5% CO₂ incubator.