Diabetic male db/db mice (BKS.Cg-Dock7m +/+ Leprdb/J homozygotes) and their littermate male db/m mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) and housed in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Care Committee at the University of Utah. The db/db mice were determined to be diabetic by the vendor on the basis of appearance of obesity at approximately 5 week of age and were further demonstrated to be hyperglycemic in our laboratory at week 7. Mice were subjected to right uninephrectomy under anesthesia at week 8 to hasten the development of diabetic nephropathy as described previously (Huang, 2008 (link)). db/m mice received uninephrectomy at week 8 served as the operation control. Our previous work on model development showed that uninephrectomized diabetic db/db mice developed overt nephropathy by 18 weeks of age and disease progression was remarkable between 18 and 22 weeks of age, determined by expansion of the mesangium and significant albuminuria (Huang, 2008 (link)). In the present study this model was used to determine the impact of PAI-1R on podocyte injury from 20 to 22 weeks of age.
Db m mice
Manufactured by Jackson ImmunoResearch
Sourced in United States
Db/m mice are a strain of laboratory mice commonly used in research. They are homozygous for the diabetes (db) mutation, which leads to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. These mice provide a well-established model for studying metabolic and endocrine disorders.
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6 protocols using db m mice
1
Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice
2
Inducing Type 1 Diabetes in C57BL/6J Mice
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Male 12-week-old C57BL/6J db/db (diabetic littermate) mice and C57BL/6J db/m+ (non-diabetic littermate control) mice were used in animal experiments. The db/db and db/m+ mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor). For type 1 diabetic mouse model, 6–8 weeks ICR mice were obtained from the Animal Center of the College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (Taipei, Taiwan). Mice were fasting overnight and then injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 100 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ, Sigma-Aldrich) to mimic diabetic condition. After STZ injection for one week, the blood glucose level was over than 400 mg/dl. Six weeks later, the kidneys from 6 mice were carefully isolated for immunoblotting detection. All animal studies were approved by the ethical review committee of National Taiwan University, College of Medicine and were carried out in accordance with regulations of Taiwan and NIH guidelines on the care and welfare of laboratory animals. All animals were treated humanely and with regard for alleviation of suffering.
3
Diabetic Mouse Aorta Tissue Isolation
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All experimental procedures were performed in adherence to the NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and in accordance with protocols approved by the institutional animal care and research advisory committee at Daping hospital, Army Medical University. The db/db mice on C57BLKS/J background (000697), a model of type 2 diabetes in which leptin receptors are deficient, and their nondiabetic heterozygote littermates db/m mice, were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME). All mice were housed in cages at a controlled temperature (22 ± 1 °C) and relative humidity (55 ± 5%) in a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle. They were supplied with standard laboratory chow and tap water ad libitum. 12-week-old male mice were used to collect tissue samples. At the end of the treatment period, mice were sacrificed after fasting for 14 h. The aorta tissues were collected and quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen for further analysis.
4
Diabetic db/db Mouse Pancreas Study
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Male 12-week-old db/db mice and non-diabetic littermate control db/m+ mice were used in animal experiments. The db/db and db/m+ mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME, USA). All animal studies were approved by the ethical review committee of National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, and were carried out in accordance with regulations of Taiwan and NIH guidelines on the care and welfare of laboratory animals. After the mice were sacrificed, the pancreas was isolated and the blood samples were collected.
5
Diabetic Mouse Model Husbandry
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C57BL/KSJ-+Leprdb/+Leprdb (db/db) diabetic mice (9–10 weeks) and their littermate control (db/m+) mice were purchased from the Jackson laboratory (MA, USA). Animals were housed under specific pathogen-free conditions at the Laboratory Animal Service Centre (LASEC) according to protocols and guidelines approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee (AEEC) in The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
6
Characterizing Metabolic Dysfunction in Diabetes Mice
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All procedures followed the principles of laboratory animal care of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council. db/m mice purchased from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) were cross mated with mt-cpYFP transgenic mice [29 (link)] to generate mt-cpYFP db/m and mt-cpYFP db/db mice. Twelve- and 34-week-old db/m or db/db male mice with and without mt-cpYFP expression were used in the following experiments for characterization of a relatively early and late stage of IR during disease development.
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