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Nitric acid

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Nitric acid is a strong, corrosive liquid chemical compound with the formula HNO3. It is commonly used as a laboratory reagent and is a key component in the production of various industrial and agricultural chemicals.

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Lab products found in correlation

Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Avantor (2 mentions) Purelab, by Elga LabWater (1 mentions) Hydrogen peroxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sulfuric acid, by Chem-Lab (1 mentions) Potassium chloride (kcl), by ITW Reagents (1 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Tetraethylortosilicate teos, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Diodomethane, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium phosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Calcium hydride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Potassium hexachloroplatinate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Perchloric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ethylene glycol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ammonium fluoride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Chem-Lab (1 mentions) Tetraethyl orthosilicate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Formamide, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions) Triethylamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cellulose acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

7 protocols using nitric acid

1

Multielemental Analysis of Plant Leaves

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Mix elements stock standard solution of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na) at 2000, 400, 200 e 1000 mg L−1 respectively and single element stock solution of yttrium (Y) at 1000 mg L−1 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Mix elements stock standard solution of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and single element stock solution of phosphorus (P) at 100 mg L−1 were provided by Panreac Química SLU (Castellar del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain) and CPAchem (Stara Zagora, Bulgaria) respectively.
Solutions were prepared with high-purity water of 18.2 MΩ⋅cm resistivity obtained from a PURELAB® (ELGA LabWater, High Wycombe, United Kingdom). Reagents used for the sample digestion were nitric acid at concentration ≥67%, (CHEM-LAB NV, Zedelgem, Belgium), and hydrogen peroxide at 30% (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Argon gas of 99.9995% purity was supplied by Sapio (Monza, Italy).
The reference material BCR 1573a, tomato leaves (National Institute of Standard & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA) has certified values of concentration of all investigated elements.
Calzarano F., Pagnani G., Pisante M., Bellocci M., Cillo G., Metruccio E.G, & Di Marco S. (2021). Factors Involved on Tiger-Stripe Foliar Symptom Expression of Esca of Grapevine. Plants, 10(6), 1041.
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2

Chemical Characterization of Short Flax Fibers

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Short flax fibers (SFF) of an average length of 2 mm were supplied by Addiplast (Saint-Pal-de-Mons, France). Their chemical composition, determined by chemical extractions (ASTM D 1102–84 for ash, ASTM D 1107–96 for extractives, ASTM D1104 for Holocellulose, ASTM D 1103–60 for cellulose, and ASTM D 1106–96 for Klason lignin), are presented below (Table 3). The high content of lignin is explained by the presence of shives mixed with the fibers.
PolySurFTMHP, a mixture of 2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl methacrylate (Figure 14a) and bis(methacryloyloxyethyl) hydrogen phosphate (Figure 14b) as well as 5 wt% of phosphoric acid, was received from Addapt Chemicals BV (Helmond, The Netherlands).
Nitric acid (HNO3, 70% purity) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4 to 98%) were purchased from CHEM-LAB (https://chemlabonline.com/) and used as received.
Brendlé C., El Hage R., Clément J.L., Rouif S., Sonnier R, & Otazaghine B. (2024). Flame Retardancy of Short Flax Fibers Modified by Radiation-Induced Grafting of Phosphonated Monomers: Comparison between Pre- and Simultaneous Irradiation Grafting. Molecules, 29(5), 1176.
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3

Surface Modification of PET Films

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (Melinex 401 CW/100 μm) was acquired from Putz Folien, Taunusstein, Germany. Dynasylan F 8261 (FAS13: triethoxy(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluoro-1-octyl) silane) from Evonik, Germany, was purchased from Safic-Alcan, Milheirós, Portugal. Nitric acid (70%) was from ChemLab, Zedelgem, Belgium; ammonia (30%) was from Labkem, Spain; tetraethyl ortosilicate (TEOS, 98%) and diodomethane (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA; hydrochloric acid (37%) was from VWR Chemicals, Fontenay-sous-Bois, France; ethyl alcohol (99.8%) from Aga, São Brás de Alportel, Portugal; sodium hydroxide from Eka, Portugal; sodium chloride and potassium phosphate monobasic were from Fisher Chemicals, Loughborough, UK; potassium chloride from Panreac, Barcelona, Spain; sodium phosphate was from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany.
Caykara T., Fernandes S., Braga A., Rodrigues J., Rodrigues L.R, & Silva C.J. (2023). Can Superhydrophobic PET Surfaces Prevent Bacterial Adhesion?. Nanomaterials, 13(6), 1117.
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4

Fabrication of Titania Nanotubes

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Ti sheet (0.25 mm thick, 99.7 % purity), ethylene glycol (analytical grade), and ammonium fluoride (analytical grade) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. The DC power supply used to prepare titania nanotubes was by Keithley Instruments (Model 2200–72‐1DC). Calcium hydride (CaH2, ≥97.0 % powder) and potassium hexachloroplatinate (K2PtCl6, ≥99.9 % trace metals basis) were supplied from Sigma Aldrich, perchloric acid (HClO4, 70 %) from Merck, and hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37 % for laboratory use) and nitric acid (HNO3, 65 %) from ChemLab.
Touni A., Liu X., Kang X., Carvalho P.A., Diplas S., Both K.G., Sotiropoulos S, & Chatzitakis A. (2021). Galvanic Deposition of Pt Nanoparticles on Black TiO2 Nanotubes for Hydrogen Evolving Cathodes. Chemsuschem, 14(22), 4993-5003.
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5

Ibuprofen-Functionalized Cellulose Acetate

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Materials included 4-Isobutyl-α-methylphenylacetic acid (ibuprofen, IBF) (99%, racemic mixture), (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES, ≥98%), methyl red (MR, crystalline), N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, 99%), 1-hydroxypyrrolidine-2,5-dione (NHS), cellulose acetate (CA, average Mn ~30,000 by GPC), and triethylamine that were purchased from Aldrich. Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) and n-hexane (HPLC grade) were purchased from Carlos Erba. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 98%) was acquired from Alfa Aesar. Formamide (for analysis ACS) was purchased from PanReac Applichem (Barcelona, Spain), nitric acid (65%) from Chem-Lab (https://www.chem-lab.be/en-gb, accessed on 22 December 2022), and pure acetone from José Manuel Gomes dos Santos, Lda (Odivelas, Portugal). All solvents were used as received.
Lopes M., Pires R.F., Faria M, & Bonifácio V.D. (2023). A Novel Strategy for Enhanced Sequestration of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Using Smart Hybrid Membranes. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 14(3), 138.
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6

Quantification of Heavy Metals in Secondary Lead

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The slag and matte were kindly provided by a European secondary lead producer. Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (0.1 mol L−1, Na2EDTA) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, pearl) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, United Kingdom). Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (0.2 mol L−1, Na2EDTA) was purchased from Honeywell Fluka (Seelze, Germany). Hydrochloric acid (37 wt%, HCl in water) and boric acid (99.5%, H3BO4 in water) was supplied by VWR Chemicals (Leuven, Belgium). Nitric acid (65 wt% HNO3 in water) and iron, lead, zinc and rhodium standard solutions (1000 mg L−1) were purchased from Chem-Lab NV (Zedelgem, Belgium). Hydrofluoric acid (48 wt%, HF in water) and ammonium sulfide (20 wt%, (NH4)2S in water) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Diegem, Belgium). All chemicals were used as received without any further purification.
Palden T., Machiels L., Onghena B., Regadío M, & Binnemans K. (2020). Selective leaching of lead from lead smelter residues using EDTA. RSC Advances, 10(69), 42147-42156.
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7

Synthesis and Characterization of Ethylammonium Nitrate

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Ethylamine (70 wt% in water), ethanol (analytical reagent) and dimethyl sulfoxide (analytical reagent) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Merelbeke, Belgium); nitric acid (65%), tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (>99%), formamide (99%), Co(NO3)2·6H2O (99%) and gallium standard solution (1,000 ± 10 mg·L−1) were supplied by Chem‐lab (Zedelgem, Belgium); n‐decane (99%), ethylene glycol (99.5%) and Ni(NO3)2·6H2O (99%) were obtained from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium); LiNO3 (99%), Mn(NO3)2·4H2O (>97%), Zn(NO3)2·6H2O (99%), Triton™ X‐100 (for molecular biology), CDCl3 (99.8%) and acetonitrile‐d3 (99.9%) were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich (Diegem, Belgium); Fe(NO3)3·9H2O (99%) was provided by VWR Chemicals (Leuven, Belgium); Cu(NO3)2·6H2O (99.5%) was purchased from BDH Chemicals (Poole, UK). Milli‐Q water (18.2 MΩ∙cm at 25°C) was used to prepare the aqueous solutions. Ethylammonium nitrate was prepared from ethylamine and nitric acid by a simple acid‐base reaction27 and dried on a Schlenk line to a final water content of <0.5 wt%. Drying of protic ionic liquids with nitrate ions, such as EAN, has to be done very carefully.28
Li Z., Zhang Z., Onghena B., Li X, & Binnemans K. (2021). Ethylammonium nitrate enhances the extraction of transition metal nitrates by tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (TBP). Aiche Journal. American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 67(7), e17213.
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