The gas transport behavior of SOLGM was characterized by measuring the transmembrane pressure during the gas flow. Both two sides of SOLGM were provided with a gas inlet and outlet. Air was used for gas transport. The difference in the transmembrane pressure between the gas inlet and outlet of the system was measured by a wet/wet current output differential pressure transmitter (PX154-025DI, Omega, Stamford, CT, USA) purchased from OMEGA Engineering Inc. (Stamford, CT, USA). In all experiments, a Harvard Apparatus PHD ULTRA Syringe Pump with a 50 mL syringe was used for gas injection at constant flow rates of 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mL/min, respectively. Considering the uncertainties in the experiment (including the fluidity of the gas, the interaction of the gas–liquid interface, and the accuracy of the instrument), in order to ensure the reliability and rigor of the experiment, the values of all experiments used were averages of at least three measurements and at room temperature.
Phd ultra syringe pump
Manufactured by Harvard Apparatus
Sourced in United States
The PHD Ultra syringe pump is a precision instrument designed for accurate fluid delivery. It features programmable infusion and withdrawal rates, accommodates a wide range of syringe sizes, and provides reliable performance for laboratory applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
Px154 025di, by Omega Engineering (2 mentions)
Px273 020di, by Omega Engineering (2 mentions)
Dmil led inverted microscope, by Leica (2 mentions)
Tcs sp5, by Leica (1 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Toluene, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Zen 2009, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Ibitreat microscopy chamber, by Ibidi (1 mentions)
Elyra super resolution microscope, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Fitc dextran, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Proscan 2, by Prior Scientific (1 mentions)
C11440, by Hamamatsu Photonics (1 mentions)
Egm 2, by Lonza (1 mentions)
D7100 camera, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Elyra ps 1 microscope, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
1200 isocratic pump, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Series 200 uv vis detector, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Peakfit 4, by Grafiti LLC (1 mentions)
Labview 8, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Zetasizer nano z, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
32 protocols using phd ultra syringe pump
1
Characterization of SOLGM Gas Transport
2
Transmembrane Properties of Porous Membranes
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The transmembrane properties of the EPMs with and without gating liquids were determined by measuring the transmembrane pressure (ΔP) during the flow of air and DI water. ΔP was measured by wet/wet current output differential pressure transmitters (PX154-025DI and PX273-020DI) from OMEGA Engineering Inc. (Stamford). A porous membrane in a square shape (the average length is 40 mm, as shown in fig. S2) was sealed in 3M VHB tapes. Single porous membranes were used in Figs. 2 , 4 , and 5A; otherwise, multiporous membranes with nine pores were used. A Harvard Apparatus PHD ULTRA Syringe Pump was used in all experiments. A flow rate of 1000 μl min−1 was used in the experiments of Figs. 2A , 4 (A and C), and 5 . A flow rate of 100 μl min−1 was used in the experiments of Fig. 6 . For the gas-liquid separation experiments, air and DI water were pumped together to form the gas-liquid mixture at a flow rate of 1000 μl min−1. The bubble size of the gas is from 5 to 10 mm in length (the pumping tube has an inner diameter of 2 mm, and the bubble volume is about 15.7 to 31.4 μl). The separation efficiency was calculated by comparing the volume of water obtained in the outlet with the volume of input liquid during a period of time.
3
Automated Analysis of Isolated Human Islets
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The counting samples of isolated human islets were picked up manually and randomly via polyethylene tubing (Intramedic, PE160) connected to a 1 ml syringe. The tubing was then connected to the inlet of the microfluidic channel. The islets were injected into the device via PHD ULTRA™ Syringe Pump (Harvard Apparatus, MA) at a flow rate of 20–30 μl/min.
The captured videos (1920 × 1,080; 1080p, 60 fps) were recorded in mp4 file format and then transferred to a computer for further video processing. The video processing algorithm was developed using python 3.8.1 within Spyder IDE (version 3.36). Video analysis was assembled for five functions: object detection, cell segmentation, cell tracking, feature extraction, and report generation.Figure 2 summarizes the procedures of object detection, cell segmentation, and cell tracking.
The captured videos (1920 × 1,080; 1080p, 60 fps) were recorded in mp4 file format and then transferred to a computer for further video processing. The video processing algorithm was developed using python 3.8.1 within Spyder IDE (version 3.36). Video analysis was assembled for five functions: object detection, cell segmentation, cell tracking, feature extraction, and report generation.
4
Lumbar Spinal Cord Viral Injection in Mice
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Mice between 6 and 8 weeks old were anesthetized with 2–5% isofluorane and lumbar vertebrae L4 and L5 were exposed. Each animal was then placed in a motorized stereotaxic frame and the vertebral column was immobilized using a pair of spinal adaptors. The vertebral lamina and dorsal spinous process were removed to expose the L4 lumbar segment. The dura was perforated ∼500 μm to the left of the dorsal blood vessel using a beveled 30 ga needle. Viral vectors were injected at a depth of 200–300 μm using a glass micropipette (tip diameter, 30–40 μm) attached to a 10 μl Hamilton syringe. The rate of injection (30 nl/min) was controlled using a PHD Ultra syringe pump with a nanomite attachment (Harvard Apparatus). The micropipette was left in place for 5 min after the injection. In all experiments where rabies virus was injected, two individual injections at 500 nl each spaced ∼1 mm apart were made. Wounds were sutured and the animals were injected intraperitoneally with 0.03 mg/kg buprenorphine and allowed to recover on a heat mat. Rabies virus-injected mice were perfusion fixed 3–10 d after injection.
5
Microfluidic Device Flow Testing
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To confirm the feasibility of the technical strategies for functional flow channel fabrication, all produced microfluidic devices underwent flow testing. This involved infusing the microfluidic device, an assembly of a chip plate with and a chip plate without a microchannel, with liquid colored either green or red for enhanced fluid visualization and observation of the flow behavior. Infusion at a flow rate of 50 µL/min was controlled by a syringe pump (PHD Ultra Syringe Pump, Harvard Apparatus) (Holliston, MA, USA). One criterion of the flow test was that the liquid flow in the microfluidic device was restricted to the microchannel, with no leakage along its length.
6
Transmembrane Properties of GO/TPU EPM
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The transmembrane properties of the GO/TPU EPM with and without gating liquids were determined by measuring the transmembrane pressure (ΔP) during the flow of gases and liquids. The measurement of ΔP was performed with wet/wet current output differential pressure transmitters (PX154-025DI) from OMEGA Engineering Inc. (Stamford). A multiporous membrane with 9 × 9 pores in a square shape (the average length is 50 mm, as shown in Fig. S1 ) was sealed in 3 M VHB tape. A Harvard Apparatus PHD ULTRA syringe pump was used in all experiments. A flow rate of 500 μL/min was used in the experiments shown in Figs. 3 b, c, 4a–d, and 5c. For the gas–liquid separation experiments, air and DI water were pumped together to form a gas–liquid mixture at a flow rate of 200 μL/min. The separation efficiency was determined by comparing the volume of liquid obtained in the outlet with the volume of input liquid during a period of transporting gas/liquid mixture through the GO/TPU LGEPM.
7
Albumin Nanoparticle Fabrication and Fatty Acid Incorporation
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Nanoparticle fabrication was conducted as described by Langer and coworkers [11 (link),26 (link)]. Briefly, albumin samples were diluted to 50 mg/ml at a volume of 1ml. To this sample 4ml of ethanol was added at a flow rate of 1 ml/min using a digital PHD ULTRA™ Syringe Pump (Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA, USA) while the sample was stirred at 550 rpm. 58.8 μL of glutaraldehyde solution (8% in water) was then added and the sample was stirred for a further 22 hours. The nanoparticles were then centrifuged at 16.1k relative centrifugal force (RCF) for 10 minutes at 4°C with the pellet resuspended with filtered ultrapure water. This washing procedure was repeated two more times prior to a final resuspension in filtered 18Ω water and storage at 4°C. For preparations assessing the effect of fatty acids on nanoparticle properties, DF-BSA was incubated with fatty acids at 37°C for 2 h while stirring, followed by a pH readjustment to pH 8.5 prior to desolvation. Similar methodology has been utilized for loading doxorubicin onto albumin prior to albumin nanoparticle fabrication [16 (link)]. Time to desolvation was measured visually as the time point during the four minute ethanol addition at which the solution transitioned from clear to opaque.
8
Swelling Behavior of Caseinate Microparticles
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The swelling behavior of CMPs was studied according to the protocol developed by Schulte30 (link). Briefly, the swelling chamber was filled with CMPs dispersion (in BisTris buffer, pH 6.8) and placed under Leica DMIL LED inverted microscope (Leica Microsystems, GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) connected with a Basler camera (Basler AG, Ahrensburg, Germany). The dispersion was allowed to stand for approx. 10 min to sediment the CMPs into the sieve holes. A PHD ULTRA™ syringe pump (Harvard Apparatus, MA, USA) was connected to the swelling chamber by polyethylene tubes (Ø 0.55 mm). The pump flow rate was set at 0.05 mL per min for the exchange medium (ultrapure water, pH 3 or 8). The swelling process of the CMPs at different pH was started by replacing the buffer solution with an exchange medium. With the activation of the syringe pump, an image of a single microparticle trapped in the sieve holes was set to record (at the rate of 2 frames per second for 2 h) using the Basler video recording software. Image frames were extracted using PyCharm (version 2021.1.3, JetBrains, Czech) and the area of the CMPs was calculated by a freehand selection of particle outer lines using ImageJ software (NIH, USA). All samples were measured in duplicate.
9
Electrospinning Cellulose Acetate to Cellulose Nanofibers
10
Swelling behavior of casein-based microparticles
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We used the swelling setup as described by Schulte [22 (link)]. Briefly, the swelling chamber was filled with CMPs dispersion (in Bis-Tris buffer, pH 6.8) and placed under Leica DMIL LED inverted microscope (Leica Microsystems, GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) connected with a Basler camera (Basler AG, Ahrensburg, Germany). The dispersion was allowed to stand for approx. 10 min to sediment the CMPs into the sieve holes. A PHD ULTRA™ syringe pump (Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA, USA) was connected with the swelling chamber by polyethylene tubes (internal diameter Ø 0.55 mm). The surrounding medium of CMPs was replaced by aqueous solution with pH 11 and 14 adjusted by NaOH. We added Thymol blue in the running solution as an indicator to prove that medium exchange was completed [21 (link)]. The pump flow rate was set at 0.05 mL per min to carry the surrounding medium (pH 11 and 14). The swelling behaviour of (N = 3) CMPs without cross-linking, (N = 2) CMPs cross-linked for t = 1 h, and (N = 2) CMPs cross-linked for t = 24 h were studied at pH 11. In addition, (N = 2) CMPs cross-linked for t = 1 h and (N = 3) CMPs cross-linked for t = 4 h were investigated at pH 14.
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