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9 protocols using penicillin streptomycin amphotericin b

1

Maintenance of Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Stem Cells

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Patient-derived GSC MGG8 was obtained from Massachusetts General Hospital as previously described (34 (link)). Cells were maintained in the stem cell culture medium [Neurobasal medium (Gibco; Invitrogen), supplemented with 3 mM of L-glutamine (Cellgro), B27 supplement (Gibco; Invitrogen), N2 supplement (Gibco; Invitrogen), heparin (Sigma), penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin B (Cellgro), human recombinant FGF-2 (Peprotech) for final 20 ng/ml, human recombinant EGF (R and D systems) for final 20 ng/ml]. Furthermore, cells were cultured in an atmosphere containing 5% CO2 at 37°C. Recombinant human bone BMP-4 was purchased from R&D Systems.
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2

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines

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THJ-11T (KRAS, TP53, TERT), THJ-16T (PI3KCA, TP53, TERT), THJ-21T (BRAF, TP53, TERT) and THJ-29T (APC, TP53, TERT) ATC cell lines were originated in our laboratory (Marlow et al. 2010 (link)) and were short-tandem repeat (STR) verified and validated to the respective patient’s ATC tissue. The APC mutation for THJ-29T was identified by Drs. James Fagin and Jeffrey Knauf as well as validating the other mutations (personal communication). Thyroid cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (Cellgro, Manassas, VA) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone, Logan, UT), non–essential amino acids (Cellgro), sodium pyruvate (Cellgro), HEPES (Cellgro) and penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B (Cellgro) at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. 293FT cells were purchased from (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and were maintained in DMEM as per the manufacturer’s protocol along with 500 μg/ml neomycin (MP Biomedical, Solon, OH).
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3

Characterization of ccRCC Cell Lines

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ACHN, A498, Caki1, and Caki2 ccRCC cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA). KIJ265T and RWV366T were developed in the Copland Laboratory as previously described [24 (link), 58 (link)]. 786-O and UMRC3 were a kind gift from Dr. B. H. Grossman [59 (link)]. VHL mutational and deletional status were examined via DNA sequencing and multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification, respectively. Cells were maintained in DMEM (Cellgro) supplemented with 5% FBS (Hyclone) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B (Cellgro) at 37°C with 5% CO2.
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4

Culture and Maintenance of Glioma Cell Lines

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The human U87 MG cells, U138 MG cells, LN229 cells, and SW1088 cells were obtained from ATCC and were cultured in complete growth media using DMEM with 1.0 g/L glucose (except LN229 in 4.5 g/L glucose) with L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate (Corning cellgro, USA) supplemented with 10% (5% for LN229) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Atlanta Biologics, USA) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin-B (Corning cellgro, USA). All cells were maintained in controlled conditions at 37 °C and 5% CO2 and used in experiments or subcultured when they reached confluency.
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5

Cell Line Culture and Serum Manipulation

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All cell lines were obtained from the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT. PEER (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia), SNU-878 (hepatocellular carcinoma), SNU-886 (hepatocellular carcinoma), CW-2 (large intestine adenocarcinoma), 23132/87 (stomach adenocarcinoma), MEF-319 (endometrium adenosquamous carcinoma), KM12 (large intestine adenocarcinoma), HEC-151 (endometrium adenocarcinoma), DV-90 (lung adenocarcinoma), OVK18 (ovarian endometrioid carcinoma) and HCC-95 (lung squamous cell carcinoma) were cultured in RPMI 1650 with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS); CAL-72 (osteosarcoma) and NCI-H1651 (lung adenocarcinoma) in DMEM/F-12 with 10% FBS; MGH-U1 (urinary bladder carcinoma) and HEK-293 (embryonic kidney cells) in DMEM with 10% FBS; and SNU-398 (hepatocellular carcinoma) in RPMI 1650 GlutaMAX medium with 10% FBS. All media was supplemented with 1% penicillin- streptomycin-amphotericin B (Corning). All cell culture was done in a 37°C humidified incubator in 5% CO2. For serum starvation, cells were incubated with standard medium without FBS for 24 hours. For serum stimulation, FBS was added back with a final concentration of 10% for 30 minutes.
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6

Culturing HEK293T and Vero E6 Cells

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For all experiments, cells were cultured and maintained at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2. HEK293T cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 10 × 10−3 M sodium pyruvate. HEK293T-hACE2 cells were provided by M. Farzan and were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin, 10 × 10−3 M sodium pyruvate, and puromycin (2 μg ml−1). Vero E6 cells (CRL-1586) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection and maintained in DMEM with 10% FBS, 1× penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin B (Corning, catalog no. 30-004-CI), 10 × 10−3 M sodium pyruvate, and 1× nonessential amino acids (Corning, catalog no. 25-025-CI).
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7

Polymer-based Fluorescent Labeling

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The amino acids were purchased from Alfa Aesar. DPPE-lissamine rhodamine lipid dye was obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids. mPEG2000-NH2 was bought from Biochempeg. All other chemicals for polymer synthesis were purchased from Millipore Sigma. The complete cell culture medium was obtained from VWR International. The antibiotic-antimycotic (Penicillin-Streptomycin-Amphotericin B) solution was purchased from Corning.
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8

Differentiating Alveolar Epithelial Cells

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Isolated AEC II were added to 6-well BioCoat plates pre-coated with collagen I extracellular matrix and overlaid with 5 µg/cm2 human fibronectin (both Corning Life Sciences., Corning, NY, USA) in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% solution of penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin B (Corning/Mediatech, Corning, NY, USA), 5.0 µg/liter vancomycin, and 10.0 µg/liter ceftazidime (both from Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) at a concentration of 20,000 cells/cm2. Cell density was optimized to drive differentiation toward an AEC, type I-like, phenotype. Freshly cultured cells were used for all experiments.
By day 10 of culture, plated AEC, type II, had morphologically differentiated into confluent AEC, type I-like, monolayers. The confirmation of this change has been described previously, as has the lack of contaminating cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells in the cultures [19 (link)]. Briefly, test wells were fluorescently stained for the presence of purinergic receptor P2X7, an AEC I, phenotypic marker, and the presence of ZO-1 (zona occluens-1), the tight junction protein that forms between AEC I pneumocytes as the monolayer matures. The following antibodies were used: Rabbit α-human P2X7-FITC IgG (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA), mouse α-human ZO-1 IgG, and Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated donkey α-mouse IgG (both from Thermo Fisher /Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA).
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9

Stable Expression of CXCR3 Isoforms in HEK293 Cells

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HEK293 cells were grown at 37°C in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle (DMEM) media (Corning Inc., Corning, NY) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning Inc.) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin B (Corning Inc.). cDNA constructs containing CXCR3A (GenBank accession # NM_001504; GenScript) and CXCR3B (GenBank accession # NM_001142797; GenScript) were purchased from GenScript. Prior to transfection, HEK293 cells were seeded at the appropriate density to ensure 75% cell confluence within 24 hrs. Transfection of the cDNA constructs was performed after 24 hrs using X-tremeGENE Transfection Reagent (Roche Holding AG, Basel, Switzerland) according to the manufacturer’s protocol using a 3:1 transfection reagent to cDNA ratio as previously described.[35 (link)] Following 48 hrs of transfection, the media was changed to complete media containing the selection agent G418 (400 μg/mL, Corning Inc.). The cells were maintained in G418 containing media to generate stable cell lines, which were used in subsequent experiments.
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