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Sodium hydroxide (naoh)

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Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and is commonly used in various industrial and laboratory applications.

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124 protocols using sodium hydroxide (naoh)

1

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Xinjiang Walnuts

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The walnut cultivar was Xinjiang Wen185, which was produced in Wensu County, Aksu, Xinjiang.
Alkaline protease (20,000 U/g), angiotensin converting enzyme, Hippuryl-His-Leu-OH (HHL), pepsin, trypsin—Beijing Solaibao Technology Co., LTD., Beijing, China; N-hexane, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, boric acid, ethyl acetate, anhydrous ethanol, ferric chloride, potassium ferricyanide (all analytical pure)—Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., LTD., Shanghai, China; phenol, trichloroacetic acid (all analytically pure) —Shanghai Jizhi Biochemical Technology Co., LTD., Shanghai, China.
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2

Formaldehyde-based Pine Wood Veneer

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Formaldehyde (37%), urea (98%), sodium hydroxide, formic acid, and ammonium chloride used in this experiment were all analytical pure grade and purchased from Shanghai Maclin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Nano-SiO2 was purchased from Guangzhou Hongwu Material Technology Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). All reagents were used directly without further purification. The veneer used was pine wood spin-cut veneer, width 400 mm × 400 mm, thickness 1.5 mm, made by the laboratory.
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3

Extraction and Purification of E. pela Wax

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E. pela wax—semifinished, first grade—was purchased from the Emeishan Institute of Insect Wax in Sichuan Province, southwestern China.
Sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and lithium aluminum hydride (analytical grade) were supplied by Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) A total of four PC standards, tetracosanol, hexacosanol, octacosanol, and triacontanol, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Burlington, MA, USA) with a purity of >98%. Scopolamine hydrobromide was acquired from APExBIO (Houston, TX, USA) and dissolved in sterile normal saline at a final concen-tration of 4 mg/kg. Donepezil was purchased from the American MCE Company (Kowloon, Hongkong) and dissolved in 0.9% sterile normal saline at a final concentra-tion of 3 mg/kg. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) was purchased from Bei-jing Soleibao Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Assay kits for the determination of acetylcholine (Ach), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Institute of Biological Engineering (Nanjing, China). Normal saline (0.9%) was obtained from Hebei Tiancheng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Cangzhou, China).
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4

Synthesis of Silica-Based Nanocomposites

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Deionized water (Nanjing Wanqing Chemical Glass Instrument Co., LTD), anhydrous ethanol (analytical purity, content ≥99.7%, Sinopmedicine Group Chemical Reagent Co., LTD), silica sol (particle size of 3–10 nm and solid content of 20%, Nanjing Chaorong New Material Technology Co., LTD), alkenyl sulfonate sodium (Nanjing Wanqing Chemical Glass Instrument Co., LTD), sodium hydroxide (ACS, ≥95.0%, Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., LTD), tetraethyl orthosilicate (solid content ≥28.4%, Sinopdrug Group Chemical Reagent Co., LTD), hydrochloric acid (analytical purity, 38%, Shanghai Pilot Chemical Corporation), sulfuric acid (analytical purity, 38%, Shanghai Pilot Chemical Corporation), hydrogen peroxide (ACS, Content 30%), and water-based polyacrylic resin (content 50.0%, Nanjing Wanqing Chemical Glass Instrument Co., LTD).
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano-Mg(OH)2

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The magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O) and the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) purchased from Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), were used to synthesize the nano-Mg(OH)2. The commercial nano-Mg(OH)2 (C-M) for comparison was purchased from Xuancheng Jingrui New Material Co., Ltd. (Xuancheng, China). The polyethylene glycol and the absolute ethanol were purchased from Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. The titanate coupling agent and stearic acid were purchased from Nanjing Chuangshi Chemical Auxiliary Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China), and Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The PET fabrics were purchased from Wujiang Haixu Textile Co., Ltd. (Wujiang, China). The Escherichia coli (E. coli, ATCC 25922) purchased from Shanghai Luwei Technology Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China). was used as model bacteria. The E. coli was grown aerobically in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium (tryptone 1%, NaCl 0.5%, yeast extract 0.5%, pH 7.2) at 37 °C, and the E. coli culture was maintained on LB agar plates (tryptone 1%, NaCl 0.5%, yeast extract 0.5%, agar 2%, pH = 7.2) at 37 °C. The reagents were all analytically pure without further treatment or purification.
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6

Soybean Straw Biochar Synthesis

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Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), iron nitrate 9 hydrate (Fe(NO3)3·9H2O), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium chloride (NaCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) were purchased from China National Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. Naphthalene (NAP), acetone, tert-butanol (TBA), humic acid (HA), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) were purchased from Shanghai Maclin Biochemical Technology Co., LTD. Ammonia (NH3·H2O) and N,N dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from China Discovery Platform (Tansoole). All reagents mentioned above are analytically pure. Methanol (MeOH, HPLC). Deionized water (resistivity ≥18.2 MΩ). Soybean straw purchased from Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China.
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7

Pennisetum giganteum Biomass Conversion

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Pennisetum giganteum was kindly provided by Kunming Hengfa Technology Co., Ltd, Yunnan, China. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), phosphoric acid ( ≥ 85.0%),acetone ( ≥ 99.0%), furfural ( ≥ 99.5%), sulfuric acid ( ≥ 98%), potassium dichromate (≥ 99.9%), and the other AR reagents were purchased from Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Deionized water was used to prepare all solutions and all the experimental steps. All chemicals used in this study were of commercially available analytical grade and used without further purification.
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8

Analytical Reagents Procurement for Research

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All chemicals were of analytical grade unless stated otherwise. Methanol and acetonitrile were purchase from CNW Technologies, Germany, ammonium acetate (SIGMA-ALDRICH, St. Louis, MO, USA), ammonium hydroxide (Fisher Chemical, Riverside, CA, USA), ddH2O (Watsons, China). HCl (1 + 1 (v/v)), NaOH (200 g/L), glucose standard solution (2.5 g/L), methylene blue (10 g/L), phenolphthalein, CuSO4 (0.05 g/mL), and NaOH (0.05 mol/L) were bought in Macklin (Shanghai, China). The dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae DV 10) was purchased from JATOU (Shanghai, China).
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9

Synthesis of Gold-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites

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We prepared the nanocomposites using a simple precipitation deposition method and synthesized them as follows. After dissolving 0.12 g of HAuCl 4 •3H 2 O (Macklin, China) in 90 mL of DI water and vigorously swirling in 0.1 M NaOH (Macklin, China), the PH was brought to 9. After that, 1.5 g of HA (Macklin, China) was added to the HAuCl 4 aqueous solution, and NaOH was used to bring the pH down to 9. After two hours of stirring, the product was heated to 65 °C. For later usage, the precipitate was washed with DI water until it was free of chloride ions and it was then dried at 60 °C for an entire night. The samples were calcined at 500 °C ultimately for 3 h. 2 g of the prepared Au-HA was stirred in 1 mg/mL tris-buffer (Macklin, China) solution containing dopamine for 24 h (100 mL, 10 mM; pH 8.5). The sample was vacuum-dried at 40 °C after being cleaned three times with DI water.
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10

Yeast Glucose Metabolism Analysis

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All chemicals were of analytical grade. 2-Octanol was obtained from TCI (Shanghai, China). HCl (1 + 1 (v/v)), NaOH (200 g/L), glucose standard solution (2.5 g/L), methylene blue (10 g/L), phenolphthalein, CuSO4 (0.05 g/mL), and NaOH (0.05 mol/L) were obtained from Macklin (Shanghai, China). The dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae DV 10) was obtained from JATOU (Shanghai, China).
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