The water samples collected for the cyanobacterial analyses were placed in 500 mL plastic bottles and fixed immediately with Lugol’s iodine solution (final concentration: 2% w/v). To quantify cyanobacteria, 1 mL fixed specimens were placed in a Sedgwick–Rafter counting chamber and allowed to settle for at least 15 min, followed by observation under a phase microscope (Eclipse 80i; Nikon Corp., Sendai, Japan). The number of cells per unit area was observed at 100–1000× magnification, and the total concentration was calculated. Unialgal strains were isolated using the Pasteur capillary pipette method [24 (link)]. Single filaments were selected using a Pasteur capillary pipette under a dissecting microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). The isolates were then placed in a 24-well plate containing a liquid BG-11 medium and cultured at 25 °C under a 12 h:12 h dark/light cycle (40 μmol/m2/s) for gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and molecular characterization.
Dissecting microscope
Manufactured by Nikon
Sourced in Japan, United States
The Nikon Dissecting Microscope is a laboratory instrument designed for the detailed observation and examination of small specimens. It provides a magnified view of the subject, allowing users to study the intricate details and structures. The core function of this microscope is to enable precise and close-up examination of samples, making it a valuable tool in fields such as biology, entomology, and various scientific research applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Eclipse 80i, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Metamorph image analysis software, by Molecular Devices (1 mentions)
Sodium selenite, by MP Biomedicals (1 mentions)
Hydrocortisone, by MP Biomedicals (1 mentions)
William s e medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hepes, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
L glutamine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Insulin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium dmem, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Bend 3 cell line, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions)
Epifluorescence microscope, by Leica camera (1 mentions)
Dmil microscope, by Leica camera (1 mentions)
Inform image analysis software, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Dab substrate kit, by Roche (1 mentions)
Vectra slide scanner, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Dslr camera, by Canon (1 mentions)
Calibrated microcapillary tube, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Coolsnap ez camera, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Male balb c nu nu mice, by Beijing Huafukang Biotechnology (1 mentions)
41 protocols using dissecting microscope
1
Cyanobacteria Quantification and Isolation
2
Trichome and Root Hair Development Analysis
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Trichome and root hair development were measured in three overexpression lines (OE4, OE26, and OE40) and the wild type. The trichomes on the first true leaves of one-week-old seedlings were counted under a dissecting microscope (Nikon, Japan). The root hairs 0.5 cm–1.5 cm from the tip of the roots of 5-day-old seedlings were counted. Trichome and root hair numbers were calculated with ImageJ software. Twenty seedlings were examined per line.
RNA was extracted from seedlings grown on 1/2MS medium for one week. The expression levels of ten genes involved in trichome differentiation and root hair fate determination were identified by qRT-PCR, including AtTTG1, AtTRY, AtCPC, AtEGL3, AtGL1, AtGL3, AtSAD2, GLABRA 2 (AtGL2), MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 23 (AtMYB23), and ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 5 (AtZFP5). The expression levels of genes related to root hair development, including the root hair initiation genes ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (AtRHD6) and RING FINGER OF SEED LONGEVITY 1 (AtRSL1) and the root hair elongation gene LJRHL1-LIKE 1 (AtLRL1) were also measured by qRT-PCR. All primers used in qRT-PCR are listed in TableS1 as gene name-RT-Sense (gene name-RT-S) and gene name-RT-Antisense (gene name-RT-A) (e.g., AtEGL3-RT-S and AtEGL3-RT-A). AtActin (amplified with primers Atactin-RT-S and Atactin-RT-A) was used as an internal control [23 (link)]; three replicate biological experiments were performed.
RNA was extracted from seedlings grown on 1/2MS medium for one week. The expression levels of ten genes involved in trichome differentiation and root hair fate determination were identified by qRT-PCR, including AtTTG1, AtTRY, AtCPC, AtEGL3, AtGL1, AtGL3, AtSAD2, GLABRA 2 (AtGL2), MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 23 (AtMYB23), and ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 5 (AtZFP5). The expression levels of genes related to root hair development, including the root hair initiation genes ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (AtRHD6) and RING FINGER OF SEED LONGEVITY 1 (AtRSL1) and the root hair elongation gene LJRHL1-LIKE 1 (AtLRL1) were also measured by qRT-PCR. All primers used in qRT-PCR are listed in Table
3
Measuring Posterior Scutellar Macrochaetae
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Posterior scutellar macrochaetae were measured using a Nikon dissecting microscope at 50× power (10× ocular, 5× zoom objective) with a micrometer scale built into the ocular lens. Flies were frozen at −20°C and bristles were measured from the tip to the base, with flies placed on a bed of cotton so that the shaft of the bristle could be aligned to be parallel with the focal plane of the microscope, allowing standardized measurements to be obtained. 15 flies for each genotype were measured in two blocks from separate genotype builds.
4
Porcine Model for Pars Plana Vitrectomy
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We obtained cadaveric Yorkshire porcine eyes (n = 3) as a gift from Dr. James Jordan, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine. Immediately upon enucleation, porcine eyes were placed in dry ice and stored in dry plastic laboratory test tubes in a −20 °C freezer. Within 48 h of enucleation and storage, porcine eyes were thawed for 30 min at room temperature. Eyes were affixed to a Styrofoam mount under a dissecting microscope (Nikon Instruments, Inc., Melville, NY) within a horizontal flow hood (Fig. 1 ). Remnants of the conjunctiva and tenon’s capsule were dissected off the sclera prior to vitrectomy.![]()
Porcine model of manual pars plana vitrectomy.
5
Vascular Patch Angioplasty in Rats
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Male
Sprague–Dawley rats (aged
6–8 weeks) were used. The aorta and IVC patch angioplasty models
were performed as previously described.15 (link) Microsurgical procedures were performed aseptically using a dissecting
microscope (Nikon, Japan). Control and rapamycin nanoparticle-perfused
leaves, control (decellularized but uncoated), and rapamycin nanoparticle-coated
onion cellulose patches (approximately 3 × 1.5 mm2) were implanted into the rat infrarenal IVC using continuous 10-0
nylon sutures. Rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 14, and the
patches were explanted for analysis. No immunosuppressive agents,
antibiotics, antiplatelet agents, or heparin were administered at
any time.
Sprague–Dawley rats (aged
6–8 weeks) were used. The aorta and IVC patch angioplasty models
were performed as previously described.15 (link) Microsurgical procedures were performed aseptically using a dissecting
microscope (Nikon, Japan). Control and rapamycin nanoparticle-perfused
leaves, control (decellularized but uncoated), and rapamycin nanoparticle-coated
onion cellulose patches (approximately 3 × 1.5 mm2) were implanted into the rat infrarenal IVC using continuous 10-0
nylon sutures. Rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 14, and the
patches were explanted for analysis. No immunosuppressive agents,
antibiotics, antiplatelet agents, or heparin were administered at
any time.
6
Overexpression of ZmGA20ox Genes
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Seeds of three OE-ZmGA20ox1 (OE1-3, 1-10 and 1-9), OE-ZmGA20ox4 (OE4-11, 4-9 and 4-8) and OE-ZmGA20ox5 (OE5-5, 5-12 and 5-10) lines with low, medium, and high levels of ZmGA20ox1, ZmGA20ox4 and ZmGA20ox5 expression were placed on ½ MS medium (0.9 % agar) in square sterile culture boxes. Ten seeds per line were sown and ten biological replicates were performed. Homozygous seedlings cultivated for seven days were observed by dissecting microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) and hypocotyl length was measured.
7
Quantifying Cardiac Fibrosis in Post-MI Rats
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Rats were anaesthetized after 4 weeks following MI or stem cell transplantation, and their hearts were excised and washed with ice-cold PBS. The hearts were then frozen for 10-minutes at −20°C and sliced into 2 mm sections using a heart matrix. The LV myocardial sections were then incubated overnight in formalin to perform masson-trichrome staining for assessment of cardiac fibrosis. To determine the fibrosis, images were acquired by a dissecting microscope (Nikon; Tokyo, Japan). The fibrosis area (Blue color) was expressed as a percentage of total LV area and quantified as by computerized planimetry using MetaMorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices; Sunnyvale, CA) as described previously [23] (link).
8
Hair Follicle Isolation and Culture
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Occipital nonbald human scalp skin was donated from males and females undergoing hair transplant surgery. HF donors were selected randomly from among patients who did not take any antiandrogens in the past 3 months and who did not have inflamed scalp skin. All 12 volunteers (men and women, ages 20–45 years) signed the informed consent form for participation in this study.
Anagen VI HFs (Leirós et al., 2012 (link)) were isolated by microdissection with ophthalmic forceps and a scalpel blade, and the follicles were separated into a single follicle under a dissecting microscope (Nikon, Japan). Fat was removed carefully, and HFs were cut at the dermo-subcutaneous fat interface. Isolated HFs were maintained individually in 24-well plates with 500 μl serum-free Williams’ E medium (Gibco, USA), supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco, USA), 2 mM HEPES (Gibco, USA), 10 mg/L transferrin (MP Biomedicals, USA), 10 μg/L sodium selenite (MP Biomedicals, USA), 10 μg/L hydrocortisone (MP Biomedicals, USA), 10 mg/L insulin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), and 1% antibiotics (Gibco, USA). HFs were maintained at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2/95% air.
Anagen VI HFs (Leirós et al., 2012 (link)) were isolated by microdissection with ophthalmic forceps and a scalpel blade, and the follicles were separated into a single follicle under a dissecting microscope (Nikon, Japan). Fat was removed carefully, and HFs were cut at the dermo-subcutaneous fat interface. Isolated HFs were maintained individually in 24-well plates with 500 μl serum-free Williams’ E medium (Gibco, USA), supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco, USA), 2 mM HEPES (Gibco, USA), 10 mg/L transferrin (MP Biomedicals, USA), 10 μg/L sodium selenite (MP Biomedicals, USA), 10 μg/L hydrocortisone (MP Biomedicals, USA), 10 mg/L insulin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), and 1% antibiotics (Gibco, USA). HFs were maintained at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2/95% air.
9
Isolation of Opisthorchis viverrini Metacercariae
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Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae were obtained from naturally infected cyprinoid fish that were collected from endemic areas in the Lao PDR. The fish were minced in an electric blender and mixed with 0.25% pepsin A solution at a ratio of 1:3 (v/v). The mixture was incubated at 37°C in a shaking water bath for 1 h and filtered through a descending series of four sieves with pore sizes of 1000, 300, 250, and 106 μm, respectively. Finally, the filtrates were placed in a sedimentary jar with 0.85% NaCl until the supernatant was clear. Then, the sediments were examined under a dissecting microscope (Nikon, Japan) for the presence of mature OV metacercariae. Groups of 50 active metacercariae were used to infect the hamsters by intragastric intubation on day 0.
10
Spinal Cord Crush Injury in Mice
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All experimental procedures were approved by and performed in accordance with the standards of the Animal Welfare Committees of Tongji University in Shanghai China and UCLA. 8–10 week-old mice of both male and female were used with body weights between 20–24 g. Anesthesia was induced in WT mice (C57BL/6) and SCID mice with intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital (10 mg/mL, 70 mg/kg) and surgery was performed using a dissecting microscope (Nikon). A laminectomy was performed at T9, and followed by spinal cord crush using a modified bulldog artery clamp with 60 g constant front-end force persisting for 3 s. For the uninjured groups, only laminectomy of T9 vertebra was performed without the subsequent crush injury. Bladders of mice were expressed manually twice per day for the first week post-injury, and then once a day thereafter. Animals were daily monitored to avoid infection, abnormal wound healing or body weight drop.
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