CNPs were synthesized by the ionic gelation method [51 ]. Briefly, 2.4 mg/mL of LMW Chitosan (50–190 kDa, deacetylation degree of 75–85%, CAS 9012-76-4, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was dissolved in acetic acid 2% v/v and left under magnetic stirring for 3 h to protonate the amine groups of monomers and consequently increase its solubility. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 3.6 to induce a partial charge restoration. Chitosan chains were crosslinked with 1.2 μL of glutaraldehyde per milliliter of chitosan that was added dropwise and was left under stirring for 1 h to obtain the nanoparticles. The obtained CNPs were purified by dialyzing the reaction mixture against Type II water employing a 2 kDa membrane (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) at room temperature for three days. Finally, the CNPs were lyophilized and stored at 4 °C until further use.
Lmw chitosan
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
LMW chitosan is a low molecular weight form of the natural polysaccharide chitosan. Chitosan is derived from the exoskeletons of crustaceans. LMW chitosan maintains the core structural and functional properties of chitosan, including its solubility in aqueous solutions.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Phosphate buffer saline (pbs), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 kda membrane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cas 9012 76 4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hmw chitosan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Mmw chitosan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Carbazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Geraniol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Male sprague dawley rat, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium tripolyphosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pancreatin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
N hippuryl histidyl leucine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bromelain, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Angiotensin 1 converting enzyme from rabbit lung, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using lmw chitosan
1
Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Nanoparticles
2
Chitosan Modulation of Candida spp. Growth
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The C. albicans and C. tropicalis strains used in this study included the sequence SC5314 strain MYA3404 [33 (link)] and clinical isolate [68 (link)] obtained from National Taiwan University Hospital. YPD, RPMI 1640 (Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640) and RPMI 1640 supplemented with chitosan were prepared as previously described [69 (link)]. The characteristics of each chitosan used in this study are listed below (Table 6 ). The ~3 kDa chitosan oligomer (>85% deacetylation; cat: OC28900) was obtained from Carbosynth Ltd., United Kingdom. The ~15 kDa chitosan sample (>85% deacetylation; cat: 21161-50) was purchased from Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA, USA. Chitosan (20–30 kDa, >90% deacetylation) was purchased from Shin Era Technology, Taiwan (cat: CHG-87G). Low-molecular-weight (LMW) chitosan (50–190 kDa; deacetylation 75–85%; cat: 448869), medium-molecular-weight (MMW) chitosan (deacetylation 75–85%; cat: 448877), and high-molecular-weight (HMW) chitosan (310–375 kDa; deacetylation >75%; cat: 419419) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA. Chitosan must be dissolved in acetic acid before being added to the medium. The final pH of each chitosan-containing medium was 6.2~6.3. Moreover, HMW chitosan required a higher acetic acid concentration for dissolution owing to its low solubility, and the final pH of the HMW chitosan medium was 4.5.
3
Geraniol-Chitosan Nanoparticle Formulation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Geraniol (98%), carbazole, low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan (CS; deacetylation degree 80%), HPLC-grade methanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and water were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Oleic acid (OA) was from Fluka (Milan, Italy). Male Sprague−Dawley rats were provided by Charles-River (Milan, Italy).
4
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate, angiotensin I-converting enzyme from rabbit lung and N-hippuryl-histidyl-leucine were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Bromelain, Pepsin, Trypsin, Pancreatin, Tween 80, mono and dibasic potassium salts, sodium chloride, and sodium hydroxide were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt & Schuchardt, Germany). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade and purchased from Fisher scientific (Loughborough, UK), R & M (Essex, UK), Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
5
Biomaterial Synthesis and Characterization
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%, CAS 7647-01-0), glutaraldehyde (GTA, 25%, CAS 111-30-8), acetone (99.5%, CAS 67-64-1), glacial acetic acid (99.7%, CAS 64-19-7), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 98%, CAS 1310-73-2) were purchased from PanReac AppliChem (Chicago, IL, USA). Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan (50–190kDa, deacetylation degree of 75–85%, CAS 9012-76-4), phosphate buffer saline (PBS-1X), thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT, CAS 57360-69-7), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99%, CAS 67-68-5), and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and Type B gelatin from the local store Químicos Campota (Bogotá, Colombia). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Biowest (Riverside, MO, USA). Trypsin EDTA was obtained from Lonza (Riverside, MO, USA).
6
Folic Acid-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Lawson (Gol Elixir Pars Knowledge Base Company), PLGA 50/50 (PLGA), LMW chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), folic acid (FA), propidium iodide (PI), acridine orange (AO), EDC and NHS were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Dichloromethane (DCM), 3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Merck company. 1.1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and acetonitrile HPLC grade were obtained from Fisher Scientific, USA. All cell culture materials were obtained from Invitrogene Co. Cell lines were provided by the Cell Bank of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
7
Chitosan-Curcumin Composite for Wound Healing
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan (50-90 KDa, 75-85% deacetylation), curcumin from Curcuma longa (Tumeric) powder (C1386, mol wt: 368,38 g/mol), and Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, mol wt: 31,000-50,000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Poly (ε -caprolactone) and Penta-sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Tokyo, Japan). Glycerol was purchased from Advent Chembio (Mumbai, India), and picrosirius red staining kit was purchased from Polysciences (Eppelheim, Germany). The primary antibodies including anti-Collagen type 1 antibody (Col-1, EPR24331-53) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK) and anti-CD68 monoclonal antibody (FA-11) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (IL, USA).
8
Antimicrobial Chitosan-based Formulations
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan (75 -85% deacetylation degree), glacial acetic acid and all aldehydes used in this work were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Barcelona-Spain). Citric acid monohydrate, and disodium phosphate to carry out buffer medium at pH 7 and pH 4 was also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Barcelona-Spain). Hydrochloric acid 37%, ethanol 96%, di-phosphorus pentoxide and granulated sodium hydroxide of synthesis grade were supplied by Scharlab (Barcelona, Spain). Milli-Q water was obtained by Milli-Q Plus purification system (Millipore, Molsheim, France). Escherichia coli (CECT 434) and Listeria innocua (CECT 910) was supplied by the Spanish Type Culture Collection (CECT, Valencia, Spain) . The yeast Sacharomyces cerevisae var. ellipsoideys (NCYC 2959) was supplied by National Collection of Yeasts Cultures (NCYC). All culture medium employed were supplied by Scharlab (Barcelona, Spain).
9
Chitosan-Based Antimicrobial Biomaterial Evaluation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
LMW chitosan (CS, 50–190 kDa, deacetylation degree of 75–85%), acetic acid, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), lithium bromide (LiBr), phosphate buffer saline (PBS), polyethylene oxide (PEO, Mw = 900,000 g/mol), and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were supplied by Merck. Sigma-Aldrich (Burlington, MA, USA) provided fetal bovine serum (FBS), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) High Glucose, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and curcumin (CUR). The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) provided NIH 3T3 fibroblasts cell lines. Penicillin/streptomycin and 0.25% (w/v) trypsin–0.1% (w/v) ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing Solarbio Science and Technology, China). Escherichia coli (E. coli) (ATCC 87398) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (ATCC 25923) were provided by the Microbiological Resources Centre, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology.
10
Chitosan-based Doxorubicin Nanocomposite
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
LMW chitosan (CS, 50–190 kDa, degree of deacetylation 75%–85%), acetic acid, sodium montmorillonite (MMT, cation exchange capacity 92 meq/100 g of clay), diammonium hydrogen citrate (C6H14N2O7), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), absolute ethanol, and glutaraldehyde (GA) were obtained from Merck. Doxorubicin (DOX) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich. The other chemicals with analytical grade were used without further purification. Distilled water was purified with a Milli‐Q water purification system (18.2 MΩ cm, PureFlow Inc.) and utilized for all solutions.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!