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58 protocols using centrifuge 5810

1

Plasma Samples Reveal COVID-19 Antibody Response

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The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (Protocol Number 21-4 from 7 August 2020), including the written consent of patients and healthy donors to present their blood for scientific purposes (according to guidelines of the Helsinki ethics committee).
Vacuum tubes with anti-coagulation compound (EDTA) were used to collect fasting venous blood. Blood tubes were centrifuged at 3000× g for 15 min in a 5810 centrifuge (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany). Plasma separated from the red cell mass was divided into aliquots and stored at −70 °C.
For this study, plasma samples of 100 volunteers were selected from a collection of samples obtained from patients of different ages with a different course of COVID-19 disease: 50 patients who recovered from COVID-19 (NTD, MTD); 25 patients vaccinated with two doses of Sputnik V (HTV) with high antibody titer; 25 donors who had no COVID-19 and no vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (NTD). COVID-19 in all donors was confirmed by PCR and ELISA against S- and N-protein of SARS-CoV-2. The presence of antibodies against S-protein and absence of antibodies against N-protein in HTV patients was also analyzed by ELISA.
The samples were collected in Novosibirsk between October 2020 and May 2021. Consequently, these samples display the B-lymphocyte antigenic response to the Wuhan strain.
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2

Potato Wastewater Bioprocessing Protocols

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The potato wastewater (DPW) was obtained after the deproteinization stage from the technological line of starch production (PEPEES S.A., Łomża, Poland), transported to the laboratory, and immediately sterilized in an autoclave (121 °C/0.1 MPa/20 min) to preserve for storage (HiCLAVE HG-80 autoclave, HMC Europe). To remove all precipitates formed during sterilization, DPW was centrifuged at 3200× g for 20 min (Eppendorf 5810 Centrifuge). The used carbon source was glucose at an initial concentration of 50 g per 1 L of DPW, the pH was adjusted to 5.6, and then the medium was sterilized (121 °C/0.1 MPa/20 min) (HiCLAVE HG-80 autoclave, HMC Europe).
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3

RSV Extraction and Quantification from Cream

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The purpose was to develop a method to extract RSV from the cream formulations in order to analyze the RSV content. RSV (1 mg) was dissolved in methanol (1 mL). This RSV solution was then mixed with cream (0.5 g, provided by WPC) in a 30 mL amber glass vial and properly mixed to prepare a homogeneous formulation. Next, methanol (9 mL) was added to the cream which was vortexed. Cream was warmed in a water bath at 37 °C for 5 min and placed in an ice bath for 15 min. The cream mixture was subjected to the gravity filtration (W&R Balston Filter Paper No. 3, 15 cm) into a 15 mL plastic conical vial. The filtered solution was centrifuged at 4000 rpm in a 5810 centrifuge (Eppendorf, Hauppauge, NY, USA) for 15 min. After the sample was centrifuged, the supernatant was decanted into a 125 mL separatory funnel. The methanol based mixture was treated with cyclohexane (7 mL). Six cyclohexane extractions were performed. After all the extraction steps, the collected methanol fractions were combined and filtered using a 13 mm 0.2 μm syringe filter into a new 30 mL amber glass vial. The sample underwent HPLC analysis.
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4

Yeast Growth in Potato Wastewater Supplemented Media

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The yeast strains were cultured using the following control media: (a) YPGlc containing 20 g L−1 peptone, 10 g L−1 yeast extract, and 50 g L−1 glucose; (b) YPLac containing 20 g L−1 peptone, 10 g L−1 yeast extract, and 50 g L−1 lactose; and (c) YPGly containing 20 g L−1 peptone, 10 g L−1 yeast extract, and 50 g L−1 glycerol (pH 5.6). All media were sterilized in an autoclave for 20 min at 121°C.
Potato wastewater was obtained from the processing Line of PEPEES SA Company (Łomża, Poland) during the potato campaign in autumn 2015, after coagulating the proteins using thermal-acid coagulation technique. The wastewater was sterilized for further evaluation (121°C/0.1 MPa/20 min) (HiCLAVE HG-80 autoclave, HMC Europe), as we had detected the presence of aerobic spore bacilli, mold, and yeast spores. DPW was centrifuged to remove precipitates formed during sterilization (3200 ×g/20 min) (Eppendorf 5810 Centrifuge), which was followed by the addition of glucose (50 g L−1), lactose (50 g L−1), or glycerol (50 g L−1). The pH was adjusted to 5.6 using 0.1 M NaOH and the entire mixture was sterilized according to the procedure described above. The experimental media supplemented with glucose, lactose, and glycerol will be, respectively, referred to as DPWGlc, DPWLac, and DPWGly in future of this manuscript.
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5

Lactic Acid Production Assay Protocol

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All procedures of lactic acid production assay were repeated as illustrated previously [25 (link)]. The concentration of lactic acid in the harvested lysates was determined using a lactate assay kit (D799851, Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China) in accordance with the protocols of the manufacturer. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (5 × 105 cells/well) with or without transfection were cultured in six-well plates and resuspended in extraction buffer I, followed by lysis at a power of 300 W for 3  min in total (3  s of ultrasonication, at an interval of 7 s) using an XC-II D ultrasonic cell crusher (Nanjing Ningkai Instrument Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China). The lysates were harvested after centrifugation at 12,000 × g at 4°C for 10 min in a 5810 Centrifuge (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany). A volume of 0.8 mL of the supernatant was collected and added with 0.15 mL of extraction buffer II, followed by another centrifugation at 12,000 × g at 4°C for 10 min. The absorbance at 570 nm was monitored by Varioskan LUX multimode microplate reader (VLBLATD2; ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
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6

Photosynthetic Pigment Quantification

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Photosynthetic pigments were quantified adapting the method proposed by Lichtenthaler 46 : 100 mg of skin powder were extracted for 3 hours, in dark conditions, in 1.5 ml of ethanol 95% (calcium carbonate salt was added to prevent degradation). After centrifugation at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C (Eppendorf 5810 Centrifuge), the absorbance at 470, 490, 508, 648.6, 664.2 and 750 nm was recorded. Chlorophylls (a, b and total) and carotenoids (including xanthophyll) were calculated following the formulas proposed by Lichtenthaler 46 and adapted to the extraction procedures:
where A n = Absorbance at n wavelength, and DW = dry weight The ratios among chlorophyll a and b, as well as among chlorophylls and carotenoids, were also calculated.
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7

Propagation of M. kansasii Standard Strain

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Standard strain of M. kansasii (CRBIP 7. 42 standard bacterial collection of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran). At first, the bacterial culture in Lowenstein-Jensen (Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran) in order to activate standard strain has been done. After early preparation, the bacteria adjusted to 1 MacFarland turbidity have been cultured in 150 ml of Middlebrook 7H9 Broth medium (Sigma, USA) for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks incubation at 37°C ± 1°C, the biomass was harvested by centrifuging at 1000 × g twice for 30 min (Eppendorf 5810 Centrifuge) and wet weight was evaluated.
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8

3D Lymphoma Spheroid Generation

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EXAMPLE 2

Generation of 3D Spheroids/Aggregates from Lymphoma Cell Lines

The lymphoma cell number was determined using a CASY instrument (Scharfe-Systems, Reutlingen) and the cell suspension was diluted in ice cold medium to 2.5×104 cells/ml (for 5,000 cells per spheroid/aggregate) and 5×104 cells/ml (for 10,000 cells per spheroid/aggregate). A volume of 200 μl of the cell suspension was added to each well of a 96-well plate with round (Corning Inc., New York, USA) or conical (Nunc, Roskilde, The Netherlands) bottom. To prevent cell attachment the plates were pre-coated with 50 μl 0.5% polyHEMA (Polysciences, Eppelheim, Germany) in 95% ethanol (v/v) and air dried at 37° C. for three days. The spheroid formation was initiated by centrifugation of the plates at 1,000 g for 10 min. using an Eppendorf 5810 centrifuge (Eppendorf AG, Hamburg, Germany) with swinging buckets. The plates were incubated under standard cell culture conditions at 37° C. and 7% CO2 in humidified incubators.

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9

Deproteinated Potato Juice Water Production

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The studies were conducted with the use of C. utilis ATCC 9950 fodder yeast from the collection of pure cultures of the Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Biological material was stored on YPD slants at a temperature of 6-8 °C.
Preparation of deproteinated potato juice water Deproteinated potato juice water was prepared on a laboratory scale from potatoes of Irga variety (120 kg) bought in July 2013. Procedure for obtaining deproteinated potato juice water was similar to that used in factories producing potato starch. Potatoes were mechanically crumbled, as a result of which cell juice was secreted followed by its separation from potato pulp. Subsequently, the starch was separated from the juice by centrifugation without temperature control (3,200g/20 min, Eppendorf 5810 Centrifuge). The next step was the acid-thermal coagulation of proteins present in the potato juice [35] . Then, pH of the juice was set at an approximate level of 5.0 using concentrated sulfuric acid, followed by sterilization process (121 °C/0.1 MPa/20 min, HICLAVE HG-80 autoclave, HMC Europe). Coagulated protein was separated by filtration. The filtrate, namely deproteinated potato juice water, was used to prepare the experimental media.
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10

HisCPC Purification Protocol

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HisCPC purification was performed as described in33 . Briefly, cells were resuspended in 5 ml/g cell of 100 mM potassium phosphate pH 7.5, added of 1 mg/ml lysozyme and protease inhibitors EDTA-free (1 tablet/50 ml, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor Mix, EDTA-free) and incubated on ice for 30 min before being frozen at −20°C. Once thawed, cells were treated with Benzonase Nuclease (Roche) for 30 min at 37°C under shaking conditions. Cells were placed on ice and subjected to 12 cycles of 10 s sonication with a Branson sonicator (Branson Ultrasonics, USA). Cell debris was removed by centrifugation for 40 min at 20000 rpm at 4°C with a Sorvall centrifuge (rotor SS34). HisCPC was purified by IMAC using an Äkta Purifier system and Histrap columns (GEHealthcare). Purification was performed in 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7.5 and a step-wise increase in imidazole concentration, e.g. 50–100–200 mM imidazole. Blue fluorescent fractions were collected, concentrated and, buffer-exchanged to PBS by ultrafiltration (cut-off 10 kDa, Vivaspin, Sartorius) at 4000 rpm at 4°C in an Eppendorf 5810 centrifuge (Eppendorf, Switzerland).
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