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Gd2o3

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Gd2O3 is a rare earth oxide compound. It is a white or pale yellow crystalline solid. Gd2O3 is used in various applications, including as a component in some types of laboratory equipment.

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Lab products found in correlation

Eu2o3, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Dy2o3, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Yb2o3, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Er2o3, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sm2o3, by Merck Group (2 mentions) 1 octadecene ode, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Nd2o3, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tm2o3, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Oleic acid oa, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Urea, by Merck Group (1 mentions) H3bo3, by Merck Group (1 mentions) C6h8o7 h2o, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Gadodiamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Absolute alcohol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tb2o3, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fluoromount g, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Dp73 digital camera, by Olympus (1 mentions) Absolute ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Oleic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pbcl2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

10 protocols using gd2o3

1

Rare-Earth Doped Nanocrystal Synthesis

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Gd2O3 (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), Yb2O3 (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), Er2O3 (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), Nd2O3 (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), Tm2O3 (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), CaCl2 (Synth), NaOH (Synth), NH4F (Merck), methanol (CH3OH, Synth), 1-octadecene (ODE, Aldrich), oleic acid (OA, Aldrich), cyclohexane (Synth, Brazil), and ethanol (C2H5OH, Synth, Brazil) were used in this work. All chemicals were used without further purification.
Serge Correales Y.E., Hazra C., Ullah S., Lima L.R, & Ribeiro S.J. (2019). Precisely tailored shell thickness and Ln3+ content to produce multicolor emission from Nd3+-sensitized Gd3+-based core/shell/shell UCNPs through bi-directional energy transfer. Nanoscale Advances, 1(5), 1936-1947.
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of Gadolinia-Stabilized Zirconia

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Example 2

(1) Preparation of Consolidated Body

The mixed powders of ZrO2-8 mol. % Y2O3(Sigma Aldrich. 99.9%, 8YSZ) and Gd2O3(Sigma Aldrich. 99.9%, <10 μm) were pressurized at 33.5 MPa, and then CIP was performed at 400 MPa. As a result, Gd2O3, Gd2O3-5 wt % 8YSZ, Gd2O3-10 wt % 8YSZ, Gd2O3-20 wt % 8YSZ, Gd2O3-30 wt % 8YSZ, and Gd2O3-40 wt % 8YSZ pellets were obtained.

(2) Preparation of Sintered Body

The obtained pellets were sintered in a microwave sintering apparatus at 1400° C., 1500° C., and 1600° C. for 20 minutes each. As a result, Gd2O3-5 wt % 8YSZ, Gd2O3-10 wt % 8YSZ, Gd2O3-20 wt % 8YSZ, Gd2O3-30 wt % 8YSZ, and Gd2O3-40 wt % 8YSZ sintered bodies were obtained. The XRD patterns of those sintered bodies were measured and shown in FIG. 8.

As shown in FIG. 8, when yttria-stabilized zirconia was added to gadolinia at the concentration of 5 wt %˜40 wt %, gadolinia was stabilized in a cubic phase from the concentration of 10 wt %. Since the phase change does not occur on the cubic phase to the monoclinic phase during sintering, the soundness of the sintered body can be improved

US11049625B2. Nuclear fuel pellet with central burnable absorber (2021-06-29). Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology [KR]. Inventors: Yonghee Kim [KR], Ho Jin Ryu [KR], Mohd Syukri bin Yahya [MY], Qusai Mahmoud Mohammad Mistarihi [KR], Chihyung Kim [KR].
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3

Synthesis of Eu and Gd Co-doped Y2O3 Nanoprobes

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Analytical graded Y2O3 (99.99%), Eu2O3 (99.99%), Gd2O3 (99.99%), HNO3 (70.0%), and urea (99.0%–100.5%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used as received. Spherical Y2O3 nanoprobes co-doped with Eu3+ and Gd3+ were fabricated using a urea homogeneous precipitation method using the reported protocols [8 (link),9 (link),10 (link),11 (link),12 (link)]. Briefly, a sealed beaker with a freshly prepared aqueous solution of rare-earth nitrates (0.0005 mol in 40 mL of H2O) was placed into an electrical furnace and heated to 90 °C for 1.5 h. The dried synthesized precipitates were then calcined in air at 800 °C for 1 h to produce the oxide NPs. In all cases, the Eu3+ doping concentration was kept constant at 1 mol %, whereas the Gd3+ concentration was varied from 0 to 10 mol %.
Atabaev T.S., Lee J.H., Shin Y.C., Han D.W., Choo K.S., Jeon U.B., Hwang J.Y., Yeom J.A., Kim H.K, & Hwang Y.H. (2017). Eu, Gd-Codoped Yttria Nanoprobes for Optical and T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Nanomaterials, 7(2), 35.
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4

Synthesis of Red-Emitting GdYGd:Eu3+ Phosphor

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The red-emitting GdYGd:Eu3+ phosphor was obtained by applying a simple sol–gel method using the initial materials, including Y2O3 (Sigma-Aldrich 99.99%), Eu2O3 (Sigma-Aldrich 99.99%), Gd2O3 (Sigma-Aldrich 99.99%), H3BO3 (Sigma-Aldrich 99.99%), C6H8O7·H2O (Sigma-Aldrich 99.99%) and HNO3 (Merck, 67%). First, Y2O3, Eu2O3, and Gd2O3 oxides were magnetically stirred at room temperature in an HNO3 solution for 60 minutes to dissolve completely. During this process, H3BO3 and C6H8O7·H2O solutions were gradually dropped to obtain a transparent solution. Then, this solution was continuously stirred at 120 °C for 6 h to obtain a wet gel product. The wet gel was also stirred at 200 °C for 5 h to obtain a dry gel. The dry gel was ground using an agate mortar for 30 minutes in the next step. Finally, the received product was annealed at 600–1200 °C in the air for 5 h to achieve the final GdYGd:Eu3+ phosphor powders.
Tran M.T., Van Quang N., Huyen N.T., Tu N., Van Du N., Trung D.Q., Tuan N.T., Hung N.D., Viet D.X., Tung D.T., Trung Kien N.D., Hao Tam T.T, & Huy P.T. (2023). High quantum efficiency and excellent color purity of red-emitting Eu3+-heavily doped Gd(BO2)3-Y3BO6-GdBO3 phosphors for NUV-pumped WLED applications. RSC Advances, 13(36), 25069-25080.
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5

Rare Earth Oxide Characterization

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The materials utilized in this research were distilled water, acetonitrile (Merck), samarium oxide (Sm2O3, 99.9%, Sigma Aldrich), dysprosium oxide (Dy2O3, 99.9%, Sigma Aldrich), europium oxide (Eu2O3, 99.9%, Sigma Aldrich), gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3 99.9%, Sigma Aldrich), and nitric acid 65% (Merck).
Wyantuti S., Pratomo U., Manullang L.A., Hendrati D., Hartati Y.W, & Bahti H.H. (2021). Development of differential pulse voltammetric method for determining samarium (III) through electroanalytical study of the metal ion in acetonitrile using Box–Behnken design. Heliyon, 7(4), e06602.
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6

Fabrication and Characterization of Gadolinium EMFs

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In this study, some powder samples were purchased from the commercial sources: Gd2O3 (40 nm particle size) and Gadodiamide came from Sigma-Aldrich, and Gd3N@C80 powder with 95% purity came from SES Research. These commercial powders were packed and pressed onto the indium foils for handling in the experiments. Gd1Sc2N@C80 and Gd2Sc1N@C80 were fabricated using Kr ä tschmer-Huffman arc burning method34 (link). With extremely limited quantity, the synthesized powders were first dissolved in toluene and then dropped onto the gold foils. After evaporating the toluene, a thin layer of Gd EMF powder was left on the surface of gold foil. All foils were attached to the sample holders using carbon tape and loaded into the experimental chamber from airside through the loadlock chamber.
Shao Y.C., Wray L.A., Huang S.W., Liu Y.S., Song W., Yang S., Chuang Y.D., Guo J, & Pong W.F. (2017). The key energy scales of Gd-based metallofullerene determined by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectroscopy. Scientific Reports, 7, 8125.
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7

Synthesis of Gadolinium-Dysprosium Chromite Xerogels

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Gd2O3 (Alfa Aesar 99%), Dy2O3 (Sigma-Aldrich 99.9%),
CrCl3·6H2O (99.5% CDH), absolute alcohol
(Merck), and PO (Alfa Aesar) were used as purchased for the experiments.
Gd2O3 (0.362 g, 1 mmol) and Dy2O3 (0.372 g, 1 mmol) were separately digested in a minimum amount
of nitric acid to prepare the respective metal nitrate salts in situ.
For the synthesis of xerogel, 0.266 g (1 mmol) of CrCl3·6H2O dissolved in absolute methanol was mixed with
both the nitrate solutions, followed by the addition of 1.4 mL (20
mmol) of PO slowly under stirring. The mixture was sonicated for nearly
2 min, after which a green-colored thick gel formed immediately. For
the synthesis of Gd1–xDyxCrO3, the following amounts of rare-earth
oxides together with 0.266 g (1 mmol) of CrCl3·6H2O were used: Gd2O3 (0.3256 g, 0.9 mmol)
and Dy2O3 (0.0372 g, 0.1 mmol), Gd2O3 (0.2534 g, 0.7 mmol) and Dy2O3 (0.116 g, 0.3 mmol), Gd2O3 (0.181 g, 0.5 mmol)
and Dy2O3 (0.186 g, 0.5 mmol), Gd2O3 (0.108 g, 0.3 mmol) and Dy2O3 (0.2604 g, 0.7 mmol), and Gd2O3 (0.0362 g,
0.1 mmol) and Dy2O3 (0.3348 g, 0.9 mmol). The
gels were obtained in a way exactly similar to the one described for
GdCrO3.
Tripathi V.K, & Nagarajan R. (2017). Correlating the Influence of Two Magnetic Ions at the A-Site with the Electronic, Magnetic, and Catalytic Properties in Gd1–xDyxCrO3. ACS Omega, 2(6), 2657-2664.
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8

Synthesis of Lanthanide(III) Complexes

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All experiments were carried out under nitrogen atmosphere using standard Schlenk techniques. Sm2O3 (99.9%), Eu2O3 (99.9%), Gd2O3 (99.9%), Tb2O3 (99.99%), Dy2O3 (99.9%), 4-cyanopyridine N-oxide (4-cpno; 96%), and anhydrous CF3COOH (tfaH; 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification. Double-distilled water was employed as a cosolvent. Ln(4-cpno)(tfa)3(H2O)·H2O was obtained via solvent evaporation.5 (link) Briefly, Ln2O3 (1 mmol), 1.5 mL of tfaH, and 1.5 mL of double-distilled water were added to a 50 mL two-necked round-bottom flask. The resulting suspension was heated at 65 °C for 12 h under air to obtain a colorless, transparent solution. Then, 1 mmol of 4-cpno was added and the mixture was stirred for a few minutes until complete dissolution was achieved. The flask containing the reaction mixture was immersed in a sand bath and solvent evaporation took place at 30 °C for 48 h under a constant flow of dry nitrogen (140 mL min−1). White or off-white polycrystalline solids were thus obtained. Single crystals were recovered from these solids for structure determination. An identical procedure was followed to synthesize Ln(tfa)3(H2O)3, the only difference being that no 4-cpno was added to the reaction mixture. All solids were stored under a static nitrogen atmosphere.
Munasinghe H.N., Szlag R.G., Imer M.R, & Rabuffetti F.A. (2022). Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescence of Mixed-Ligand Lanthanide Trifluoroacetates. Inorganic chemistry, 61(14), 5588-5594.
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9

Visualizing Nanoparticles with Enhanced Darkfield Microscopy

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To visualize nanoparticles, which are not visible using typical light microscopy, enhanced darkfield microscopy was employed [15 (link)]. RLE-6TN and NR8383 cells were grown on cleaned, autoclaved cover-glass (Chemglass Life Sciences; Vineland, NJ) until 60–80 % confluent. CeO2, Gd-doped CeO2, and Gd2O3 nanoparticles were prepared in DM at a stock concentration of 1 mg/ml, as previously described [16 (link)]. Cells were then treated with CeO2 or Gd2O3 (Sigma-Aldrich; St. Louis, MO) nanoparticles at a final concentration of 10 μg/ml for 5 min, 1 h, and 3 h. Following incubation, the medium was removed and the cells were washed three times with warm phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), fixed with 10 % formalin for 10 min, washed three times with PBS, mounted with Fluoromount G (eBioscience; San Diego, CA), and sealed with clear nail polish. Slides used for this experiment were purchased as clean cut slides to avoid silica particle residue, which results in high background during imaging (Schott Nexterion, Arlington, VA). Following mounting, images were acquired at 60x magnification using a Cytoviva enhanced darkfield microscopy system (Aetos Technologies; Inc., Auburn, AL) integrated into an Olympus BX41 upright optical microscope equipped with an Olympus DP73 digital camera (Olympus; Center Valley, PA).
Dunnick K.M., Pillai R., Pisane K.L., Stefaniak A.B., Sabolsky E.M, & Leonard S.S. (2015). The Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Valence State on Reactive Oxygen Species and Toxicity. Biological Trace Element Research, 166(1), 96-107.
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10

Synthesis of Rare-Earth Doped Nanocrystals

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All of the commercially available reagents are purchased and unpurified. Rare-earth oxide (Y2O3, Yb2O3, Er2O3, Gd2O3, 99.9 %, Sigma), dichloride (CaCl2, PbCl2, ZnCl2, 99.9 %, Sigma), Na2S (99.9 %, Sigma), oleic acid (OA; 90 %, Sigma), 1-octadecene (ODE; >90 %, Sigma), absolute ethanol (>99.5 %, Sigma), cyclohexane (>90 %, Sigma), and rare-earth chlorides (LnCl3·6H2O, Ln = Y, Yb, Er, Y:Yb:Er = 80:18:2 in molar ratio) are prepared by ourselves.
Li Z., Miao H., Fu Y., Liu Y., Zhang R, & Tang B. (2016). Fabrication of NaYF4:Yb,Er Nanoprobes for Cell Imaging Directly by Using the Method of Hydrion Rivalry Aided by Ultrasonic. Nanoscale Research Letters, 11, 441.
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