Carnosol (from Rosemarinus officinalis) and curcumin (from Curcuma longa) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and dissolved in DMSO. Ultrapure lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli serotype O111:B4 was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences. The AMPK inhibitor compound C (also known as dorsomorphin) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and dissolved in DMSO. The AMPK agonist 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and dissolved in water.
Carnosol
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Carnosol is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a chemical compound used as a standard reagent in analytical and research applications. The core function of Carnosol is to serve as a reference material for the identification and quantification of specific analytes in various samples.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Carnosic acid, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Rosmarinic acid, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Curcumin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Eugenol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Thymol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
5 o caffeoylquinic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dorsomorphin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 aminoimidazole 4 carboxamide ribonucleotide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
P27kip1, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)
Phosphorylated akt s473, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)
Cyclin b1, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)
Cyclin d1, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)
Cyclin a2, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)
Cnbr sepharose 4b beads, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Caspase 9, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)
28 protocols using carnosol
1
Investigating Anti-Inflammatory Compounds
2
Carnosol Modulates Cell Signaling Pathways
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Carnosol (purity: > 98% by HPLC) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). CNBr-Sepharose 4B beads were from GE Healthcare (Piscataway, NJ, USA). Antibodies to detect total ERKs, phosphorylated ERKs (T202/Y204), total RSK, phosphorylated RSK (S380), total AKT, phosphorylated AKT (S473), phosphorylated CREB (S133), total CREB, phosphorylated CDC2 (Y15), total CDC2, cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, p27(kip1), phosphorylated CDK2 (T160), total CDK2, caspase 9, cleaved caspase 7 and BcL-xL were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). The antibody to detect β-actin and p21 was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Active RSK2, and ATF1 (RSK2 substrate) human recombinant protein for kinase assays were purchased from SignalChem (Richmond, BC, Canada).
3
Cell Viability Evaluation via MTT Assay
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Cell toxicity was determined by measuring cell viability using MTT cell proliferation assay kit after 3 days of treatment with carnosol (Sigma-Aldrich) according to the manufacturer's instructions kit. Cells were incubated with MTT solution to metabolize to formazan and absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
4
Analytical Standards Procurement Protocol
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Analytical standards, such as rosmarinic acid, carnosol, and carnosic acid, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All solvents were suitable for analysis and were purchased from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA).
5
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Compound Procurement
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Rosmarinic acid and the 7-O-glucoside derivatives of apigenin, luteolin, eriodyctiol, quinic acid, caffeic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-hydroxybenzoic acid, salvianolic acid B, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and 4-O-coumaric acid were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France). Trolox, sulforhodamine B (SRB), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical, acetic acid, ellipticine, trypan blue, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), Tris, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), carnosol, nisin, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co (St Louis, MO, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), L-glutamine, trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), penicillin/streptomycin solution (100 U/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively), Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) were from Hyclone (Logan, Utah, UT, USA). The Griess reagent system was purchased from Promega Corporation (Madison, WI, USA). Mueller-Hinton agar was from VWR (Prolabo Chemicals, USA); formic acid and ethanol was from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). n-Hexane, methanol, and acetonitrile were purchased from Lab-Scan (Lisbon, Portugal). Purified water was obtained from a Direct-Q® water purification system (Merck Life Science, Darmstadt, Germany).
6
Carnosol Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 Cells
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Human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 were maintained in Dulbecco Minimal Essential Medium (DMEM) (Hyclone, Cramlington, UK). All media were complemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Hyclone, Cramlington, UK), 100 U/ml penicillin/streptomycin (Hyclone, Cramlington, UK). Carnosol, 2′,7′–dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) and tiron were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Antibodies to p62/SQSTMI were obtained from Abcam (Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Antibodies to LC3, cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8, Bax, Bcl2, p27, and pErk1/2(Th202/Th204), were obtained from Cell Signaling. Antibodies to caspase 9, γH2AX, p21 (WAFA/Cip1), (ser10) histone H3, acetyl histone H3, acetyl histone H4 were obtained from Millipore (Millipore, Hayward, CA, USA). Antibodies to β-actin, pSTAT3 were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Anti-Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) antibody was obtained from BD Pharmingen. Beclin-1 siRNA was purchased from Cell Signaling.
7
Quantification of Rosemary Bioactive Compounds
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All reagents and solvents used were at least of analytical grade. Rosmarinic acid (≥98%) and carnosol (≥98%), carnosic acid (≥97%), oleanolic acid (≥98%) and ursolic acid (≥98%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). HPLC-grade methanol and acetonitrile were gained from Spectrum Chemical Mfg Corp (Gardena, CA, USA), acetic acid was of analytical grade and supplied from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China), HPLC grade trifluoroacetic acid was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ultrapure water for chromatographic was prepared using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Rosemary materials consisted of dried leaves were acquired from Hunan Sunfull Bio-tech (Changsha, China).
8
Analytical Characterization of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol
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The standard compounds carnosic acid (≥95.0%) and carnosol (99.2%) (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) were used for the chemical analyses. All solvents were of analytical grade and purchased from J.T. Baker (Avantor, Phillipsburg, NJ, USA).
9
Carnosol and Phthalic Anhydride Synthesis
10
Intratracheal Instillation of Diesel Exhaust Particles
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The DEP were acquired from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (located in Gaithersburg, MD, USA) and were subsequently suspended in sterile saline (0.9%) containing 0.01% Tween 80. Before dilution and intratracheal (i.t.) administration of the DEP, the suspensions were subjected to continuous sonication (using a Clifton Ultrasonic Bath, Clifton, NJ, USA) for a duration of 15 min, followed by vortexing. Control mice received i.t. instillation of saline containing 0.01% Tween 80. A prior examination using transmission electron microscopy of the DEP utilized in this research unveiled the presence of various small aggregates of carbonaceous particles of less than 0.1 μm, as well as larger aggregates with diameters less than 1 μm.
10 (link) The chemical examination of these DEP revealed the existence of elemental carbon, organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, inorganic ions, as well as various metals and trace elements through chemical analysis.
11 (link) Carnosol was procured from Sigma Chemical, located in St. Louis, MO, USA.
10 (link) The chemical examination of these DEP revealed the existence of elemental carbon, organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, inorganic ions, as well as various metals and trace elements through chemical analysis.
11 (link) Carnosol was procured from Sigma Chemical, located in St. Louis, MO, USA.
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