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15 protocols using aperio scanscope cs2

1

Quantifying Liver Histopathology in Infection

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Liver tissues obtained on day 3 postinfection were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and 4 μM paraffin-embedded sections were stained with H&E. The specimen slides were scanned at ×20 magnification on an Aperio CS2 ScanScope (Leica Biosystems), and total, necrotic, and infiltration areas composed of lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells in the entire specimen were quantified using Aperio ImageScope software (Leica Biosystems) (16 (link), 26 (link)).
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2

Histological analysis of liver tissue

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Liver tissues obtained on day 3 post-infection were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 4 µM paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The specimen slides were scanned at 20× magnification on Aperio CS2 Scanscope® (Leica Biosystems Inc.), and total, necrotic and infiltration areas composed of lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells in the entire specimen was quantified using Aperio ImageScope® software (Leica Biosystems Inc.).
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3

Quantifying Liver Histopathology in Infection

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Liver tissues obtained on day 3 postinfection were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and 4 μM paraffin-embedded sections were stained with H&E. The specimen slides were scanned at ×20 magnification on an Aperio CS2 ScanScope (Leica Biosystems), and total, necrotic, and infiltration areas composed of lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells in the entire specimen were quantified using Aperio ImageScope software (Leica Biosystems) (16 (link), 26 (link)).
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4

Histopathological Analysis of Liver Tissues

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Liver tissues obtained on day 6 post-infection were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 4 μM paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The specimen slides were scanned at 20 × magnification on Aperio CS2 Scanscope® (Leica Biosystems Inc.) followed by observer-blind histopathological analysis.
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5

Histological Tissue Processing and Imaging

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Tissues were fixed in 4% PFA, dehydrated by an ethanol dehydration series, cleared in Xylene, and infiltrated with several stations of paraffin wax. Thin paraffin sections (2μm) were dewaxed in Xylene, hydrated through ethanol to 80%, stained with Hematoxylin followed by a clarifier and bluing step, stained with Eosin, and dehydrated through ethanol to 100% and into Xylene. Slides were scanned using Aperio CS2/ScanScope and processed into high-quality images using Aperio ImageScope (Leica Biosystems).
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6

Masson's Trichrome Staining and Fibrosis Quantification

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Staining was done on MSG FFPE sections per manufacturer instructions with a Masson's Trichrome 2000 Stain Kit (Fisher Scientific). Slides were scanned on an Aperio CS2 Scan Scope (Leica Biosystems), and digital images were quantitated per Dahab et al (2004) (link), with some modifications (Dahab et al., 2004 (link)). Briefly, Photoshop was used to count fibrosis-positive blue pixels in the tissue. The lasso tool was used to restrict the area of interest prior to fibrosis measurement, which allowed negation of parts of the image that were not salivary gland. The area was taken by the “record measurement” function, which contains an area subcomponent, and fibrotic area was calculated by the ratio of fibrotic area divided by the total area of the sample.
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7

Immunohistochemical Assessment of PD-L1

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Tumor biopsy specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with a monoclonal antibody to PD-L1 (clone 28-8, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and with the use of an automated stainer (Dako Autostainer Link 48, Agilent Technologies). The stained slides were scanned with an Aperio CS2 scan scope (Leica Biosystems, Nussloch, Germany) and evaluated by board-certified pathologists who were blinded to clinical outcome. We defined PD-L1 positivity as membranous staining of tumor cells at any intensity with cutoffs of 1% or more and 50% or more of tumor cells in a section that included at least 100 evaluable tumor cells.
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8

Histological Preparation of Islet Tissue

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Fresh islet tissue was placed in 10% formalin prepared in advance. It was dehydrated with alcohol, made transparent with xylene, and embedded in paraffin. Paraffin blocks were cut into 5–8 μm slices, then scalded with hot water. Slices were dried and stained with H&E. Next, samples were dehydrated with alcohol and sealed. Stained slides were imaged on an Aperio ScanScope CS2 at 20× magnification (Leica Biosystems).
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9

Quantitative Immunohistochemistry Analysis

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Immunohistochemistry was performed utilizing methods previously described (23 (link)). The primary antibodies and dilutions were as follows: pGSK-3αS21βS9 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA), 1:50; Ki-67, 1:100; pNFκB P65 S536 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA), 1:100; CD45 (BD biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA), 1: 50. All slides were digitized using Aperio Scanscope CS2 (Leica biosystems, Vista, CA) and evaluated using the Aperio analysis package, which includes highly advanced algorithms for quantifying % of nuclear staining, and staining Intensity quantification ranging from 0 (negative) to 3 (strongly positive).
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10

Quantifying Tissue Protein Expression

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Scans of stained tissue were obtained using a high-resolution digital Aperio Scanscope CS2 (Leica Biosystems, Nußloch, Germany), and an archive of the digital high resolution images was created. Digital slides were analyzed with Aperio ImageScope v.11 software (Leica Biosystems) at 10x magnification, and ten fields with an equal area were randomly selected for analysis at 40x magnification [24 (link)]. The expression of TGF-β1, p-SMAD2/3, SMAD4, Snail, E-cadherin, and vimentin was assessed with the Positive Pixel Count algorithm embedded in Aperio ImageScope software and reported as positivity percentage, defined as the number of positively stained pixels on the total pixels in the image. This approach allows a reliable automatic estimation of the amount of staining in the tissue, in addition to offering the benefit of reducing variability associated to human error [25 (link)].
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