Millipore q water purification system

Cannabinoid reference standards for THC and CBD were purchased from Cerilliant (Sigma Aldrich, USD; TK#61-65 and TK#61-477, respectively), and all standards had purity of 100%. All analytical reagent-grade and HPLC-grade solvents used for the extraction procedure were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultrahigh-pure distilled and deionized water was prepared with the Millipore-Q water purification system from Millipore (Kloten, Switzerland).

Commercial tyrothricin extract was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol (EtOH), diethyl ether and acetone were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Analytical grade water (MQH₂O) was prepared by filtering water from a reverse osmosis plant through a Millipore-Q^® water purification system (Milford, MA, USA). The 96-well black and transparent flat-bottom plates were aquired from Corning (Kennebunk, ME, USA). Benecel A4M (A4M), Benecel E4M (E4M), Benecel E10M (E10M), Benecel K15M (K15M), Klucel E IND (KLUE) and Klucel I IND (KLUI) were donated by Ashland, Covington, Kentucky, USA. Chitosan was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Refer to Table 1 for more information on the formulations.
Candida albicans CAB1653, an environmental isolate from mosquito larvae from the Western Cape, South Africa, was donated from the CAB culture collection of Professor A. Botha in the Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; while Candida glabrata BG19, a clinical isolate, was donated by Dr. B. Bagheri, Tygerberg Medical School, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) grade methanol, formic acid, and ammonium acetate were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, United States). 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropy ridine (M0896, MPTP) was obtained from Aladdin-e (Shanghai, China). Cy-3-G (HY-N0640) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, HY-Y0320) were purchased from MedchemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, United States). Ultra-high purity water was prepared by the Millipore-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, United States). HiPure Stool DNA Kits were obtained from Guangzhou Magen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Magen, Guangzhou, China). Agarose and goldview were provided by Beijing Mengyimei Biotechnology Co. (Beijing, China). Anhydrous alcohol was supplied by Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory (Guangzhou, Beijing). MinElute PCR Purification Kit was bought from New England Biolabs, Inc. (Beverly, MA, United States). AMPure XP magnetic beads were purchased from Beckman Coulter (United States).

A mixture of certified reference standard pesticides containing 18 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), at a concentration of 2000 µg (± 0.5%)/ml for each pesticide, was obtained from SUPLECO company (Bellefonte, PA, USA). The OCP mixture composed of α-HCH (99.7%), γ-HCH (99.9%), β-HCH (98.9%), heptachlor (99.9%), Δ-HCH (99.5%), aldrin (98.9%), heptachlorepoxide (99.9%), endosulfan I (99.9%), p,p-DDE (99.2%), dieldrin (99.2%), endrin (96.9%), p, p-DDD (96.1%), endosulfan II (99.9%), p, p-DDT (98.9%), endrin aldehyde (98.4%), endosulfan sulfate (99.4%), methoxychlor (99.9%), and endrin ketone (99.5%). A standard solution of 500 ng/ml was prepared by dissolving the OCPs mixture in methanol and stored at − 4 °C. Working standard solutions were prepared by proper dilution from the stock solution.
Ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, methanol, and acetonitrile were of HPLC-analysis grade (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified using Millipore-Q Water Purification System (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Primary secondary amine (PSA), sodium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate were purchased from reputed chemical suppliers.

The HPLC-grade acetonitrile and formic acid were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Methanol of HPLC grade was acquired from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, United States). The Millipore-Q water purification system (Bedford, United States) was utilized to produce ultra-high purity water. The remaining reagents employed were of analytical grade.
Six batches of raw Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (NO. A1-A6) and processed materials, including six batches of salted products (NO. C1–C6) and six batches of charring pieces (NO. D1–D6), were purchased from Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Puning, China).

All chemicals were AR grade and purchased from Hengshan Chemical (Tianjin, China). A 1000 mg/L standard solution of copper was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The ultrapure water was further purified (18 MΩ·cm) using a Millipore-Q water purification system.