Spectrum two fourier transform infrared ftir spectrophotometer

The crystal structures, morphologies and microstructures of the samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM). The used apparatuses were a D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer (Bruker AXS, Karlsruhe, Germany), a JSM-6701F field-emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and a JEM-1200EX field-emission transmission electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). A PHI-5702 multi-functional X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (Physical Electronics, hanhassen, MN, USA) was employed for the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) measurements were performed on a TU-1901 double beam UV-vis spectrophotometer (Beijing Purkinje General Instrument Co. Ltd., Beijing, China). A Spectrum Two Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) was used for the FTIR spectroscopy analysis of the samples.

Transmission electron microscopy images were obtained from a JEM-2100 (JEOL) transmission electron microscope. FT-IR spectrum was measured on a Spectrum Two Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer). XPS was recorded with an ESCALAB 250Xi photoelectron spectrometer (Thermo Fisher) using monochromatic Al Kα X-ray source. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed with a Rigaku MiniFlex 600 X-ray diffractometer using Cu-Kα (λ = 1.5418 Å). Zeta potential and particle size were studied by using a zeta sizer (Nano ZS, Malvern Instruments). Ultraviolet and visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS) was measured with a Shimadzu UV-3600 UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Immunofluorescence sections were performed on a wide-field fluorescence microscopy (Olympus IX73). Spinning disk confocal microscopy images were obtained on a Perkinelmer UltraVIEW VoX 3D live cell imaging system. Small animal fluorescence imaging was performed with a Perkin-Elmer living image In Vivo Imaging System (IVIS) spectrum. Bioluminescence intensity and optical density were measured with a SpectraMax i3x multi-mode detection platform (Molecular Devices).