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Superose 6 increase column

Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in New Zealand, Sweden

The Superose 6 Increase column is a size exclusion chromatography column designed for the purification and analysis of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules. It features a high-performance agarose-based matrix that allows for efficient separation of analytes based on their molecular size.

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51 protocols using superose 6 increase column

1

Size Exclusion Chromatography for Biomolecules

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Samples were analyzed on a Shimadzu Prominence LC-20AD dual pump system with a SPD-20A UV/vis Spectrophotometer detector (Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc., Columbia, MD) using a GE Healthcare Superose 6 Increase column (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences, Marlborough, MA). The analysis was performed at 280 and 230 nm wavelength using 0.5 mL/min flow rate. A PBS solution pH 7.0 mobile phase was selected to allow good separation, resolution, and for compatibility with solutions contained in samples of interest without hindering resolution and elution of the size standards. Several injections of the mobile phase alone were run throughout the batch to ensure there was no peak carry-over and/or peaks from the mobile phase contributing to the baseline. Run time was determined based on the length of time it took for the size standards to elute (40 min). In instances where an aggregate peak eluted into the next sample injection, run time was extended to include all sample peaks and size standards were run again to verify column efficiency.
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2

Gel Filtration Chromatography for Biomolecules

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Samples were analyzed on a Shimadzu Prominence LC-20AD dual pump system with a SPD-20A UV/vis spectrophotometer detector (Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Inc., Columbia, MD), and using a GE Healthcare Superose 6 Increase column (10 mm× 300 mm, 8.6 μm, 40 000 kDa exclusion limit, GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences, Marlborough, MA). The analysis was performed at 280 and 230 nm wavelengths using a 0.5 mL/min flow rate and 10 μL injection volume. PBS solution at pH 7.0 mobile phase was selected due to compatibility with solutions contained in samples of interest without hindering separation, resolution, and elution of the molecular weight standards (BioRad #151–1901). Several injections of exclusively mobile phase were run throughout the batch to ensure that there was no peak carryover and/or peak from the mobile phase contributing to the baseline. Run time was determined based on the length of time it took for the size standards to elute (average ∼40 min). In instances where an aggregate peak eluted into the next sample injection, run time was extended to include all sample peaks, and size standards were re-analyzed to verify column efficiency.
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3

Isolation of Ghrelin-Receptor Complex

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The cell pellets were lysed in a buffer containing 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, and 2 mM MgCl2 supplemented with EDTA-free protease inhibitor cocktail (Bimake) by dounce homogenization. The complex formation was initiated by addition of 10 μg/mL scFv16, 50 mU/mL apyrase (NEB), and 100 mM Ghrelin. After incubation at room temperature for 1.5 h, the membranes were solubilized by addition of 0.5% (w/v) lauryl maltose neopentyl glycol (LMNG, Anatrace) and 0.1% (w/v) cholesteryl hemisuccinate TRIS salt (CHS, Anatrace) for 2 h at 4 °C. The supernatant was isolated by centrifugation at 30,000 × g for 30 min and then incubated 1 h at 4 °C with pre-equilibrated MBP resin. After binding, the resin was washed with 15 column volumes of 20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 0.01% (w/v) LMNG, 0.002% (w/v) CHS, and 10 mM Ghrelin. The complex was eluted with 5 column volumes of 20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 0.01% (w/v) LMNG, 0.002% (w/v) CHS, 10 mM maltose, and 10 mM ghrelin.
The protein was then concentrated and loaded onto a Superose™ 6 Increase column (GE Healthcare) pre-equilibrated with buffer containing 20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 0.00075% (w/v) LMNG, 0.00025% (w/v) glyco-diosgenin (GDN, Anatrace), 0.0002% (w/v) CHS and 10 mM ghrelin. The fractions for the monomeric complex were collected and concentrated for electron microscopy experiments.
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4

Eσ70 Holoenzyme Preparation and Cryo-EM

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For KGlu and KGlu+NP40S conditions (Supplementary Table 1), Eσ70 was purified in KGlu buffer using a Superose6 INCREASE column (GE Healthcare). For KCl and KCl+CHAPSO, Eσ70 was purified in KCl buffer. Peak fractions corresponding to Eσ70 were pooled and concentrated by centrifugal filtration (VivaScience) to 4 mg/mL protein concentration. 6S RNA was added in 1.2 molar excess compared to holoenzyme and incubated at room temperature. Immediately prior to grid freezing, samples of KGlu or KCl were diluted 1:10 with their respective buffers while NP40S was added to the KGlu+NP40S to CMC (0.06 mM) and CHAPSO was added to the KCl+CHAPSO sample to CMC (8 mM). After centrifugation to remove aggregates, 3.5 μL of sample were deposited on glow discharged Quantifoil R 1.2/1.3, Au, 400 mesh grids (EMS) and plunged frozen into liquid ethane using a Vitrobot Mark IV (FEI).
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5

Purification and Disassembly of Cp Capsids

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Both Cp and the mutant Cp-Y132A were expressed and purified as previously described (13 (link), 28 (link)), based on the protocol reported by Wingfield et al. (12 (link)). Purified Cp capsids were stored in 50 mM tris-HCl, 5% sucrose, 5 mM EDTA, and 2 mM dithiothreitol (pH 7.5) at −80°C. Capsid disassembly and dimer purification were performed on the basis of the protocol described by Porterfield et al. (13 (link)). Briefly, Cp capsids typically between 2 and 4 mg/ml were disassembled by dilution into disassembly buffer [100 mM Hepes, 1.5 M guanidine HCl, 0.5 M LiCl, and 1 mM tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) (pH 7.5)], incubating for 16 hours at 4°C. Escherichia coli RNA encapsidated during protein expression was precipitated by the LiCl after centrifugation, 16,000g for 30 min at 4°C. Cp-Y132A is purified from E. coli as dimers and stored as ammonium acetate pellets at −20°C. Dimer solutions of Cp and Cp-Y132A were further purified by size exclusion chromatography using a Superose 6 Increase column (GE Life Sciences) equilibrated in disassembly buffer. Protein concentration was estimated by ultraviolet absorption using a Jasco V-750 spectrophotometer. Purified dimers were kept at 4°C for a few days in disassembly buffer to prevent assembly/aggregation.
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6

Size-Exclusion Chromatography-MALS Analysis

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The averaged MW of H5hm and H5Man5 oligomers present in the SEC profile after final purification step was determined by SEC–MALS. To this end, protein samples from selected SEC fractions (100 µl) were reinjected into a Superose 6 Increase column (GE Healthcare) equilibrated with a SEC–MALS buffer (10 mM Tris pH 7.6, 200 mM NaCl) at a 0.5 ml/min flow rate. Elution of the proteins was monitored by three online detectors: UV detector (1,220 Infinity LC System, Agilent Technologies, USA), light scattering detectors (DAWN HELEOS II, Wyatt Technology, USA), and refractive index detector (Optilab T-rEX, Wyatt Technology). Data analysis and MW calculations were performed using the ASTRA 6 software (Wyatt Technology).
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7

Production and Purification of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

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Vectors encoding SARS-CoV-2 S-2P were generated as previously described (Wrapp et al., 2020 (link)). Proteins were expressed by transfection of plasmids into Expi293 cells using Expifectamine transfection reagent (ThermoFisher) in suspension at 37 °C for 4–5 days. Transfected cell culture supernatants were collected, buffer exchanged into 1 × PBS, and protein was purified using Strep-Tactin resin (IBA). For SARS-CoV-2 S-2P used for mouse inoculations, tags were cleaved with addition of HRV3C protease (ThermoFisher) (1% wt/wt) overnight at 4 °C. Size-exclusion chromatography using Superose 6 Increase column (GE Healthcare) yielded final purified protein. A mammalian codon-optimized plasmid encoding foldon inserted minifibritin previously described (Corbett et al., 2020a (link)) was used to compete foldon-specific antibodies where indicated.
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8

Recombinant ACE2-Fc Fusion Protein

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To generate a recombinant ACE2 Fc-fusion protein, we cloned the ectodomain of human ACE2 (GenBank ID: BAB40370.1 residues 18-740) with a C-terminal Fc tag into the pVRC8400 vector containing the human IgG1 Fc. We transfected the construct (pVRC8400-hACE2) into Expi293F™ cells using an ExpiFectamine™ transfection kit (ThermoFisher Cat# A14525) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The supernatant was harvested after 5 days and purified using a MabSelect SuRE Resin (GE Healthcare Cat# GE17-5438-01) followed by size exclusion purification on a Superose 6 Increase column (GE Healthcare). The supernatant was harvested 5 days after transfection and purified with a CaptrueSelect KappaXL Affinity Matrix (ThermoFisher Cat# 194321005) followed by size exclusion chromatography on a Superdex200 Increase column (GE Healthcare).
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9

5-HT3A Receptor Reconstitution in Nanodiscs

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All steps were performed at 4 °C. The peak fractions after size-exclusion chromatography in the C12E9 detergent (Anatrace) containing 5-HT3A receptor were pooled and concentrated to 1 mg/ml and mixed with asolectin lipids (Sigma-Aldrich) solubilized at 5 mg/ml in 5% DDM (Anatrace). After 30 minutes incubation, MSP1E3D1(-) (a gift from Stephen Sligar, Addgene plasmid #20066, expressed and purified as previously described98 (link)) was added to the mixture, which was incubated for 30 additional minutes, before the addition of Bio-Beads (Sigma-Aldrich) at 10 mg/ml final concentration. The molar ratio of the receptor over the MSP and the lipids was 1:7:200. The mixture was incubated under gentle rotation overnight for detergent removal and nanodiscs reconstitution. Bio-Beads were removed by centrifugation (250g, 10 min) and the supernatant was subjected to size-exclusion chromatography in a Superose 6 Increase column (GE healthcare) equilibrated in SEC buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 125 mM NaCl, pH 7.5). The fractions containing the reconstituted receptor in nanodiscs were pooled, concentrated to 0.5 mg/ml, aliquoted, snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C.
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10

SEC Protein Characterization Protocol

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For SEC protein samples (two times the loop volume, 200 μl) were injected onto either a Superose 6 increase column (10/30 GE Healthcare) for RPA–ssDNA complexes or Superdex S200 (10.30 GE Heathcare) for Apo-RPA, mounted on a high-pressure liquid chromatography system (1260 Infinity; Agilent). Protein samples were taken from the central peak fraction of a previous preparative gel filtration and were resolved using 20 mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM TCEP at 25 °C. Real-time light scattering and refractive index were simultaneously measured (Helios-II, T-rEX; Wyatt). The Astra software package was used for data analysis (Wyatt).
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