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9 protocols using deferoxamine dfo

1

Iron-Chelation Agents Procurement

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Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating agent, was purchased from Novartis (Basel, Switzerland). Deferasirox, an another iron-chelator, was purchased from Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland). Eribulin was provided by Eisai Co. (Tokyo, Japan).
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2

Iron Dextran and Oxidative Stress Effects

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Fish were previously anesthetized with Trichaine methanesulfonate and weighed. A single dose respectively of 350 μg/g body weight iron dextran (Sigma, 100 mg/mL), 30 μg/g body weight deferoxamine (DFO, Novartis), and 50 μ/g body weight 4-OH-Tempol (Sigma) was injected intraperitonealy. Injections were performed under a stereomicroscope (Leica) using Amilton 10-μL syringes, control animals were sham-injected with saline solution. At 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after injection brains were removed from anesthetized animals and put in a previously weighed tube for iron measurement or immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen for the following RNA extraction.
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3

Iron Chelation Agents and Eribulin

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Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating agent, was purchased from Novartis (Basel, Switzerland). Deferasirox, an another iron-chelator, was purchased from Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland). Eribulin was provided by Eisai Co. (Tokyo, Japan).
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4

Iron-Chelation Agents Procurement

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Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating agent, was purchased from Novartis (Basel, Switzerland). Deferasirox, an another iron-chelator, was purchased from Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland). Eribulin was provided by Eisai Co. (Tokyo, Japan).
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5

Dissolution and Preparation of Pharmaceutical Compounds

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Deferasirox (DFX; EXJADE) and deferoxamine (DFO; Desferal) were obtained from Novartis Pharma (Tokyo, Japan). For in vitro studies, DFX was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) at a stock concentration of 50 mM, and DFO was dissolved in distilled water at a stock concentration of 50 mM. Cisplatin (CDDP; Randa) was purchased from Nippon Kayaku (Tokyo, Japan) and dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was purchased from Kyowa Kirin (Tokyo, Japan), and dissolved in distilled water. SP was kindly provided by Disease Adsorption System Technologies Co., Ltd. (Kanazawa, Japan), and was chemically synthesized from catechol and benzoic acids. SP10 was made by a condensation reaction with histidine 13 , then dissolved in distilled water at the indicated concentrations for in vitro and in vivo experiments. Napabucasin (BBI608; 2-acetyl-4H,9H-naphtho[2,3-b] furan-4,9-dione) was purchased from Tokyo Kasei (Tokyo, Japan) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at a stock concentration of 50 mM. Sulfasalazine (SSZ) was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at the indicated concentrations.
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6

Iron-Chelation Agents Procurement

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Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating agent, was purchased from Novartis (Basel, Switzerland). Deferasirox, an another iron-chelator, was purchased from Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland). Eribulin was provided by Eisai Co. (Tokyo, Japan).
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7

Rat LSRA Model and DFO Treatment

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A rat LSRA model was established as described previously (Zhu et al., 2016 (link)). LSRA surgery was performed by explosion and avulsion of the right L4–L6 nerve roots in rats anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium. For Sham surgery, the right L4–L6 nerve roots were only exposed but not avulsed. Deferoxamine (DFO, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland) treatment was performed as previously reported (Yao et al., 2019 (link)). For a short period, DFO was dissolved in 0.9% normal saline and intraperitoneally injected into rats 30 min before surgery, and 0.9% NaCl was used as a control.
A total of 48 rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: for the DFO treatment experiment, the Sham group (n = 10), which received Sham surgery; the LSRA group (n = 10), which received LSRA surgery and saline treatment (1 ml/kg); and the LSRA + DFO group (n = 10), which received LSRA surgery and DFO treatment (100 mg/kg). For the RNA sequencing experiment, the Sham group (n = 9) received Sham surgery and the LSRA group (n = 9) received LSRA surgery.
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8

Curcumin-Based Nanoparticle Therapy

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CuSO4, Cur, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), trichloroacetic acid, thiobarbituric acid, reduced glutathione (GSH), pyrogallol, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), acrylamide, agarose, and primers were procured from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Deferoxamine (DFO) and nCurc were obtained from Novartis Pharma AG (Rotkreuz, Switzerland) and Lipolife (LLT1, Essex, UK), respectively. The nCurc was encapsulated liposomal nano-curcumin to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties and systemic bioavailability by up to 98%. It was manufactured in a European laboratory registered under the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system. IL-6 and TNF-α ELISA kits were obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA), while other ELISA kits for glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2), ICAM-1, mucin-1 (MUC-1), and surfactant protein C (SP-C) were purchased from MyBioSource (San Diego, CA, USA). Antibodies targeting Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and β-actin were bought from Novus Biologicals (Centennial, CO, USA).
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9

Iron Chelation and Antioxidant Evaluation

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The standard iron chelating drug, deferoxamine (DFO) was obtained from Novartis International AG (Basel, Switzerland). Carbonyl iron, GA, soybean lecithin, ethanol, vitamin C, ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, linoleic acid, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzo-thiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), potassium ferricyanide and 30% hydrogen peroxide were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). The assay kits for alanine transaminase (ALT) (C009-2-1), aspartate transaminase (AST) (C010-2-1), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) (C017-2-1), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (A001-3-2), glutathione (GSH) (A006-2-1), malondialdehyde (MDA) (A003-1-1), total cholesterol (TC) (A111-1-1), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) (A040-1-1), triglyceride (TG) (A110-1-1) were procured from Nanjing Jiancheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Antibodies against transferrin receptor (TfR1) (ab84036), Ferritin (ab153976), ferritin light chain (FL) (ab109373) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (ab198306) were all purchased from Abcam Inc. (Cambridge, MA, USA).
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