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46 protocols using achieva 3.0t scanner

1

3T MRI Structural Imaging Protocol

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural images were acquired on a Philips Achieva 3.0 T scanner using a SENSE-8 head coil. Head movements were minimized by applying a band over the forehead during the scanning procedure. A high-resolution T1-weighted MRI volume data set of the whole brain with a resolution of 1 × 1 × 1 mm3 was acquired using an MPRAGE (Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo) sequence: Repetition time (TR) = 8.2 ms, echo time (TE) = 3.8 ms, flip angle = 8°, sense factor: 3.5.
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2

3T Resting-State fMRI Preprocessing Pipeline

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Resting state imaging data were collected using a Philips Achieva 3.0T scanner with a 32-channel headcoil and a gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequence with the following acquisition parameters: TR=3000msec; TE=30msec; 46 3mm thick axial slices aligned to the AC-PC line, 0.30mm slice gap; 216 × 216mm FOV, (2.70mm3 voxels); flip angle = 90°. Four initial volumes were acquired and discarded by the scanner computer to allow for T1 equilibration effects. After that, 124 volumes were acquired. During both scanning sessions a high resolution T1-weighted image (MPRAGE sequence) was acquired for co-registration and normalization to the MNI coordinate system. Subject head motion was minimized with foam packing around the head.
Images were processed using SPM 12 (Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging). Standard preprocessing of functional images included slice-time correction, spatial realignment to correct for head motion, coregistration to the participant’s T1 image and warping to MNI space, resampling to 2mm3, and smoothing with an 8mm FWHM isotropic Gaussian kernel. Volumes were identified as motion outliers based on image intensity difference (dvars) or framewise displacement (fd; >0.5mm) using FSL’s motion outlier tool (Power et al. 2012 (link)).
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3

Functional MRI Acquisition Protocol

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Imaging was done on a Philips Achieva 3.0T scanner using a 32-channel headcoil and a gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequence with the following acquisition parameters: TR=2000; TE=28; 39 3mm thick axial slices aligned to the AC-PC line, 0.6mm slice gap; 19.2×19.2cm FOV; SENSE factor = 2, Flip angle = 77°. Four images were acquired and discarded just prior to task start. A high resolution T1-weighted image (MPRAGE sequence) was also acquired to assess for incidental findings, and for alignment and spatial standardization of the functional data. Subject head motion was minimized with foam packing around the head. Stimuli were viewed via projection onto a mirror mounted on the headcoil.
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4

Structural MRI Scanning Protocol

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All MR scanning was conducted on a Philips Achieva 3.0T scanner. 3D T1- and T2-weighted structural images had 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 mm isotropic voxels with a 256 x 256 resolution matrix. T2 scans had a repetition time and echo time (TR/TE) = 2500 ms / 3.68 ms and lasted 4 min and 28 s. T1 scans had TR/TE = 8.1 ms / 3.7 ms and lasted 5 min and 15 s. All structural preprocessing was performed in AFNI (45 (link)). All scans were read by a board-certified radiologist with certificates of added qualifications in pediatric radiology and neuroradiology (UN).
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5

Resting-State fMRI Acquisition Protocol

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All the resting-state MRI data were acquired on an Achieva 3.0T scanner (Philips, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) at the Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology. All the participants were instructed to lie still and stay awake with their eyes closed. The scanning parameters were as follows: repetition time/echo time (TR/TE) 2,000/30 ms; 31 slices; 90° flip angle; 220 × 220 mm field of view; 5 mm slice thickness; and 1 mm pitch [the detailed steps were excerpted from our previous study (32 (link)), and detailed information can be found in the Supplementary Material].
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6

Resting-state fMRI Acquisition Protocol

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The resting-state MRI data were obtained by using an Achieva 3.0T scanner (Philips, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University in the first day after enrollment. All the participants were instructed to lie still, close their eyes, and remain awake during the scan. The resting-state functional images were employed, using an echo-planar imaging sequence with the following parameters: repetition time/echo time (TR/TE) 2000/30ms, 31 slices, 90° flip angles, 22 cm ×22 cmFOV, 5 mm slice thickness, and 1 mm gap.
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7

High-resolution 3D T1 MRI Imaging

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MRI scans were obtained on a Philips Achieva 3.0 T scanner (Philips Healthcare, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) (n = 114) and Siemens MAGNETOM Verio 3.0 T scanner (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) (n = 6). Three-dimensional whole brain T1 sequence imaging was acquired with the following image parameters: echo time (TE) = 4.6 ms, repetition time (TR) = 9.8 ms, flip angle (FA) = 8.08, field of view (FOV) = 224 × 224 mm, matrix = 256 × 256, slice thickness = 1 mm, sagittal images of the entire brain with in-plane resolution 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm or TE = 5.1 ms, TR = 25 ms, FA = 30, FOV = 220 × 220 mm, matrix = 512 × 512, slice thickness = 1 mm, sagittal images of the entire brain with in-plane resolution 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm on a Philips 3.0 T Achieva scanner. On the MAGNETOM Verio scanner, images were obtained with TE = 1.9 ms, TR = 1500 ms, FA = 9.0, FOV = 220 × 220 mm, matrix = 256 × 256, slice thickness = 1 mm, sagittal images of the entire brain with in-plane resolution 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm. Prior to data processing, all raw T1 sequencing images were visually inspected for common MR T1 weighted imaging artifacts.
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8

Multimodal Brain Imaging of Precision Grip

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with a Philips Achieva 3.0 T scanner and a 32-channel receive head coil (Philips, Best, The Netherlands). During the precision grip task, whole-brain fMRI scans were acquired with an Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) sequence with repetition time (TR) = 2500 ms, echo time (TE) = 30 ms, and flip-angle of 80˚. Each brain volume consisted of 42 axial slices acquired in interleaved order with a slice thickness of 3 mm, resulting in a 3x3x3 mm voxel resolution and a field-of-view (FOV) of 192x192x126 mm. For quantifying lesion load and overall brain atrophy, structural MRI including T1- and T2-weighted and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) images were obtained. The T1-weighted image was acquired with a sagittal magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequence (TR = 6 ms, TE = 2.70 ms, flip-angle = 8°, 0.85 mm isotropic voxel size and a FOV of 245x245x208 mm). The T2-weighted image was acquired with a turbo spin echo sequence (TR = 2500 ms, TE = 270 ms, flip-angle = 90°, 0.85 mm isotropic voxel size and a FOV of 245x245x190 mm). The FLAIR image was acquired with a TR = 4800 ms, TE = 327 ms and an isotropic voxel size of 1 mm3 resulting in a FOV of 256 × 256 × 202 mm.
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9

Neuroimaging with 3.0T MRI Scanners

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MRI scans were obtained on a Philips Achieva 3.0T scanner (Philips Healthcare, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) (n = 53) and Siemens MAGNETOM Verio 3.0T scanner (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) (n = 10). Three-dimensional whole brain T1 sequence imaging was acquired with the following image parameters: echo time (TE) = 4.6 ms, repetition time (TR) = 9.8 ms, flip angle (FA) = 8.08, field of view (FOV) = 224 × 224 mm, matrix = 256 × 256, slice thickness = 1 mm, sagittal images of the entire brain with in-plane resolution 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm or TE = 5.1 ms, TR = 25 ms, FA = 30, FOV = 220 × 220 mm, matrix = 512 × 512, slice thickness = 1 mm, sagittal images of the entire brain with in-plane resolution 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm on a Philips 3.0 T Achieva scanner. On the MAGNETOM Verio scanner, images were obtained with TE = 1.9 ms, TR = 1500 ms, FA = 9.0, FOV = 220 × 220 mm, matrix = 256 × 256, slice thickness = 1 mm, sagittal images of the entire brain with in-plane resolution 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm. Before data processing, all raw T1 sequencing images were visually inspected for common MR T1 weighted imaging artifacts, which can undermine segmentation accuracy, by an experienced researcher (WH Shim) and neuroradiologist (HM Yoon).
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10

Resting-State fMRI Acquisition Protocol

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A Philips Achieva 3.0T scanner with a standard head coil was used to acquire gradient-echo EPI images of the whole brain (TR, 1.0 s; TE, 30 ms; 21 slices; slice thickness = 6 mm; spacing = 0; field of view = 210 mm; flip angle = 76°; image matrix: 64 × 64; voxel size: 3.28 × 3.28 × 6.00 mm3; number of fMRI frames: 360). During the 6-minute resting-state fMRI scan, subjects were instructed to relax, stay awake, and have their eyes closed; postscan self-report questionnaires indicated that subjects did comply with these instructions. Time-locked cardiac and respiratory signals were recorded. High-resolution anatomical images were acquired at the end of the experiment. There was no other task in the scanner prior to resting-state data acquisition.
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