Codeine d3

Certified reference materials of amitriptyline, bupropion, citalopram, desipramine, desmethylcitalopram, duloxetine, fluoxetine, imipramine, mirtazapine, nortriptyline, paroxetine, sertraline and trazodone were purchased from LGC Standards (Teddington, London, UK); certified reference materials of clomipramine, desmethylvenlafaxine, doxepin, hydroxybupropion, norfluoxetine, norsertraline, trimipramine, venlafaxine, 7-aminoclonazepam, 7-aminoflunitrazepam, alprazolam, bromazepam, clonazepam, diazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, nordiazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, zolpidem, 6-monoacetylmorphine, N-desmethyltramadol, buprenorphine, codeine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, meperidine, methadone, morphine, naloxone, naltrexone, oxycodone, oxymorphone, tramadol, bupropion-d 9 , citalopram-d 6 , clonazepam-d 4 , codeine-d 3 , diazepam-d 5 , duloxetine-d 3 and morphine-d 3 from Cerilliant (Round Rock, TX, USA); methanol, acetonitrile, ammonium formate and formic acid from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany); ultrapure deionized water was purified by Milli-Q from Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). All solvents used in the extraction procedure were HPLC grade. Quantisal™ oral fluid collection devices and elution buffer were purchased from Immunalysis (Pomona, CA, USA).