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9 protocols using ab37373

1

In-situ Proximity Ligation Assay

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The in-situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) procedure was performed with the Duolink® PLA Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, DUO92008) and following the manufacturers protocol. The cells were incubated with the primary antibodies i.e., anti-PGRMC1 (Abcam, ab48012) with PHB1 (Abcam, ab75766) and PHB2 (Cell signaling, 14085S) overnight at 4 °C. The slides were washed twice for 5 min with buffer A, followed by incubation with the PLA probes (anti-goat PLUS and anti-rabbit MINUS) in antibody diluent for 60 min at 37 °C. After washing twice for 5 min with buffer A, ligation was performed using ligase diluted in ligation buffer for 30 min at 37 °C. Then the cells were washed with buffer A before incubation for 100 min with amplification stock solution at 37 °C. After washing twice for 10 min with buffer B, nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI for 10 min and slides were mounted with mounting medium. Negative PLA control was performed using respective isotype control antibodies (isotype goat, Abcam, ab37373; isotype rabbit, Abcam, ab37415). Red fluorescence dots inside the cellular areas representing a single protein–protein interaction were quantified using image J software.
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2

Proximity Ligation Assay for Protein Interactions

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The proximity ligation assay (PLA) procedure was performed using the Duolink® PLA Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, DUO92008) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Cells were spun on glass slides, fixed and permeabilized as described above. Incubation with the primary antibody cocktail containing anti-PGRMC1 antibody (Abcam, ab48012) or anti-ERα antibody (Abcam, ab259427) with PHB1 (Abcam, ab75766) or PHB2 (Cell signaling, 14085S) antibody was performed overnight at 4 °C. Negative control PLA was performed using respective isotype control antibodies (goat isotype, Abcam ab37373; mouse isotype, Abcam ab37355; rabbit isotype, Abcam ab37415). Nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI for 10 min and slides examined by fluorescence microscopy within one week after storage at 4 °C in the dark. Each red dot represented a single interaction. Dots per cell were quantified using imageJ software [38 (link)].
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3

Neutralizing Antibodies for Melanocortin Receptors

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The neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) for MCRs were rabbit anti-human MC1R polyclonal Ab (pAb) (1.25 μg/ml, ab97321; Abcam), rabbit anti-human MC2R pAb (2.5 μg/ml; Millipore), rabbit anti-human MC3R pAb (5 μg/ml, ab21231; Abcam), rabbit anti-human MC4R pAb (5 μg/ml, ab75506; Abcam), goat anti-human MC5R pAb (5 μg/ml, ab92287; Abcam), rabbit anti humanα-MSH pAb (30 μg/ml), and mouse anti-human ACTH monoclonal Ab (mAb) (15 μg/ml, B427; Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Normal rabbit IgG (ab37415; Abcam), goat IgG (ab37373; Abcam), and mouse IgG (Millipore) were used as negative controls. HS 024 (Tocris Bioscience) was used as an antagonist of MC4R, and agouti (1–40)-amide human (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals) was used as an antagonist of MC3R and MC4R.
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4

Hindlimb Ischemia Model with CIRP Inhibition

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All experimental setups were permitted by the Bavarian Animal Care and Use Committee (ethical approval code: ROB-55.2Vet-2532.Vet_02-17-99, approved on 8 December 2017) and were conducted in strict accordance with the German animal legislation guidelines. Mice were fed a standard laboratory diet and were housed in a temperature-controlled room on a 12 h light–dark cycle. For all experiments, adult male SV-129 (Charles River Laboratories, Sulzfeld, Germany) mice, aged 8–12 weeks, were sacrificed at 24 h or 7 days (n = 5 per group) after the surgical procedure. 30 minutes prior to surgical intervention, mice were either treated i.v. with a neutralizing anti-CIRP antibody (Abcam, ab106230, Cambridge, UK, 1 mg/kg), an isotype antibody (Abcam, ab37373, 1 mg/kg), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, PAN Biotech, Aidenbach, Germany, pH 7.4, 1 mL/kg) and then two, four and six days after surgery. To ascertain the proliferation rate of endothelial cells in the lower hindlimb 7 days after surgery, SV-129 mice were daily injected with 100 µL BrdU (bromodeoxyuridine) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) (12.5 mg/mL BrdU in PBS) i.p., starting directly after the surgical intervention.
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5

Inhibiting Lymphoma Cell Adhesion

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For inhibition experiments, representative lymphoma cell lines were pre-incubated with anti-ITGB1 (abx011001, Abbexa, Cambridge, UK), anti-ITGB2 (ab131044, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-ITGB7 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), or anti-CDH2 (HPA046119, Sigma-Aldrich) antibodies for 30 min at 4 °C. The dilution of antibodies was 1:100. Cells treated with goat IgG (ab37373, Abcam) served as control. Next, the cells were centrifuged at 1800 rpm for 10 min at 4 °C, washed twice in PBS, and resuspended in fresh RMPI medium prior to evaluation of adhesion to mesenchymal stromal cells in time-scale in optical tweezers.
The percentage of lymphoma cells that stable bond to stromal cells within 40 and 300 s in optical tweezers were calculated for Ri-1 and U2904 cell line, respectively. Data were expressed as mean  ±  SEM in tree independent experiments for 30 cells for each experimental condition.
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6

ChIP Analysis of Transcription Factors in Dental Pulp Stem Cells

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ChIP analysis was performed by using Imprint® Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit (Sigma Aldrich Corporation, CHP1 96RXN) following manufacturers’ protocol. In brief, after chromatin cross-linking with 1% formaldehyde and DNA shearing, chromatin-protein complexes were immunoprecipitated from BGP + LAA-treated DPSCs, compared to undifferentiated DPSCs (control) with antibodies against KLF2 (Abcam, ab203591), H3K27Ac (Abcam, ab4729), and H3K4me3 (Abcam, ab1012). Antibody against goat IgG (Abcam, ab37373) was used as a negative control. The quantitative PCR analysis was performed with the selected primers from the transcriptional start sites of the ATG7 promoter regions (Fig. S1), and the primer sequences were described in Table- S2. Values obtained from the ChIP assay were normalized with background obtained from the precipitation with respective control antibodies. Percent (%) input was analyzed using the standard formula. Each experiment was performed in triplicate at least 3 times.
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7

Immunofluorescence Staining Protocol

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The cutting of sections and antigen retrieval was finished as described above. The sections were first incubated by goat anti-human Perilipin A antibodies (Ab61682, Abcam) with the co-staining of mouse anti-human GFP antibodies (66002-1-Ig, CMC) for 24 hours, then incubated by the second antibodies i.e. Alexa Fluor® 555 donkey anti-goat IgG antibodies (A-21432, Invitrogen) or Alexa Fluor® 488 donkey anti-mouse IgG antibodies (A-21202, Invitrogen), counter-stained with DAPI (D-21490, Invitrogen). The isotype control group included goat polyclonal IgG (ab37373, Abcam) and mouse IgG1 (ab18448, Abcam). Fluorescent images were observed with fluorescence microscope, and taken photos of by digital microscope camera.
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8

Immunoprecipitation of DJ-1 Protein Complexes

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Immunoprecipitation reactions were as described in [18 (link)]. HEK 293T cells were allowed to reach confluence in 15 cm petri dishes (n = 4) and harvested in polysome lysis buffer (PLB) (10 mM Hepes, pH 7.0, 100 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.5% NP-40, 1 mM DTT, 100 units/ml RNase OUT and protease inhibitors). Each plate yielded approximately 200 μl of lysate, 100 μl of which was used in each DJ-1 and IgG control IP. DJ-1 (Abcam, ab4150) or IgG isotype control (Abcam, ab37373) antibodies were conjugated to Protein G Dynabeads (Invitrogen) for 10 min at RT with rotation. The conjugated beads were incubated with cell lysate in NET2 buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 0.05% NP-40, 20 mM EDTA, 1 mM DTT, 100 units/ml RNase OUT) for 1 h at RT and then washed six times with cold NT2 buffer.
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9

Analyzing Cardiomyocyte MIF Receptor Expression

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For analyzing MIF receptor expression via confocal fluorescence microscopy, 300.000 freshly isolated cardiomyocytes were previously counted with a hemocytometer and subsequently seeded into μ-dishes (35 mm high, Ibidi, Munich, Germany) and cultivated for 12 days. Cells were then fixed with 3.6% paraformaldehyde (supplemented with 0.1% Hoechst 33342 for nuclear staining) for 20 min and subsequently permeabilized with 0.3% Triton X-100 and 5% FCS in PBS for 1 h. Antibodies against murine CD74 (C16, sc-5438, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany), CXCR2 (bs1629R, Bioss, Woburn, USA), and CXCR4 (ab2074, Abcam, Cambridge, USA) or appropriate isotype controls goat IgG (ab37373, Abcam, Cambridge, USA) or rabbit IgG (sc-2027, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany) were diluted 1∶200 in PBS (containing 0.3% Triton X-100 and 2% BSA) and cardiomyocytes were incubated for 2 h at room temperature. Following 3 washing steps with PBS fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies (Alexa Fluor 633 goat anti-rabbit IgG, Alexa Fluor 633 donkey anti-goat IgG Invitrogen, Darmstadt, Germany) were also diluted 1∶200 in PBS (containing 0.3% Triton X-100 and 2% BSA) and incubated with the cardiomyocytes for 1 h at room temperature. Stained cardiomyocytes were analyzed by laser scanning fluorescence microscopy using an LSM710 confocal microscope (Zeiss, Jena, Germany).
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