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Sodium diatrizoate

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

Sodium diatrizoate is a chemical compound used as a contrast agent in radiological imaging procedures. It is a water-soluble iodinated compound that can be used to enhance the visibility of certain structures or organs during diagnostic imaging tests, such as computed tomography (CT) scans or angiography. Sodium diatrizoate is designed to provide a temporary increase in the attenuation of X-rays or other forms of radiation, allowing for improved visualization and detection of specific anatomical features or abnormalities.

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3 protocols using sodium diatrizoate

1

Synthesis of Rare-Earth Chloride Nanoparticles

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YbCl3, GdCl3, EuCl3, LuCl3, ErCl3, and TaCl5, (purity > 99.99%) were obtained from Alfa Aesar (Haverhill, MA, USA). Octadecene, oleic acid, ammonium fluoride, and formamide were purchased from TCI Chemicals (Portland, OR, USA). Poly(acrylic acid) 1800 g/mol and sodium diatrizoate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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2

Iodinated Contrast Agent Synthesis

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Trimellitic anhydride (TMA), lactic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 5-bromo-2 ′ -deoxyuridine (BrdU), and sodium diatrizoate (DTZ) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Iopamidol (IPAM), iopromide (IPR), and iohexol (IHX) were purchased from United States Pharmacopeia Convention (Rockville, MD) (Fig. 1A).
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3

Diatrizoate and Darbepoetin Alfa Cytotoxicity

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The radiocontrast agent sodium diatrizoate (denoted also as “NaD” or “diatrizoate” in the manuscript) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO – USA; product #S4506, having a purity of ≥98 %),and was dissolved in RPMI cell culture medium. The final concentration of diatrizoate used was 75 mg iodine/mL when incubated with the cells, this concentration chosen as being physiologically relevant and calculated based on the dosage commonly used in clinical practice, as mentioned in previous studies [25 (link),26 (link)]. ARANESP™ (darbepoetin alfa, also referred to as “D” or “darbepoetin” in the manuscript) was a generous gift from Amgen Italia. MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO- USA). Primary antibodies used in the study were as follows: anti-phospho-Akt (Ser 473), code: 9271, Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA - USA); anti-phospho-p38 (code: 9211, Cell Signaling); anti-phospho-FoxO3a (Thr 32)/anti-phospho-FoxO1 (Thr 24) (code: 9464, Cell Signaling); anti-phospho STAT-(signal transducer and activator of transcription)-3 (Tyr705) (code: 9131, Cell Signaling); anti-PARP (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase)-1 (code: 9542) Cell Signaling); anti-phospho JNK (c-jun N-terminal kinase)1/2 (anti-ACTIVE, Promega, code V7931); anti-β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich).
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