Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to test the normality of the data. And analysis of data by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post-test. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M and p <0.05 indicated a significant difference. All analyzes were performed using Sigma Plot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA, USA).
Sigmaplot software version 11
Manufactured by Grafiti LLC
Sourced in United States
SigmaPlot software version 11.0 is a data analysis and graphing tool. It provides functions for data manipulation, statistical analysis, and creating a variety of chart types.
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Lab products found in correlation
19 protocols using sigmaplot software version 11
1
Normality Testing and Statistical Analysis
2
Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Efficacy
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All statistical procedures were performed with SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA). The p-value was considerate significant when less than 0.05. Clinical results at baseline between HYPO and ELEC groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U tests and MRI results with t-tests. Wilcoxon signed-ranked tests were performed to examine the effects of training protocols on clinical results in HYPO and ELEC groups. A two-way RM ANOVA (before-after, training groups) with Holm-Sidak method for pairwise multiple comparisons was performed to examine the effect of PFMT and training protocols on MRI results. All data are presented as means and standard deviations (SD) and were checked for normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and equal variance (Brown-Forsythe) tests.
For PR and IL volumes, both interobserver and intraobserver reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC(2,k): 2-way random effects, absolute agreement, multiple raters (k=2): E.G. and L.M.; ICC(2,1): 2-way random effects, absolute agreement, single rater: E.G.) (Shrout and Fleiss, 1979) . Each observer's first measure recorded from each subject was used in the calculation of interobserver reliability. Intraobserver reliability was calculated using a second measurement recorded from each subject. ICCs were computed with R software (version 3.4.1) and irr package (version 0.84).
For PR and IL volumes, both interobserver and intraobserver reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC(2,k): 2-way random effects, absolute agreement, multiple raters (k=2): E.G. and L.M.; ICC(2,1): 2-way random effects, absolute agreement, single rater: E.G.) (Shrout and Fleiss, 1979) . Each observer's first measure recorded from each subject was used in the calculation of interobserver reliability. Intraobserver reliability was calculated using a second measurement recorded from each subject. ICCs were computed with R software (version 3.4.1) and irr package (version 0.84).
3
Lifespan Analysis of Experimental Cohorts
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Data are presented as mean ± standard error (SE), except where indicated, of at least three independent determinations. All statistical analyses were performed with Sigmaplot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Comparison of more than two group means were carried out by ANOVA test followed by Holm-Sidak test.
Statistical comparison of life span using a log-rank test was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Holm-Sidak test was used for multiple comparisons. Level of p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
Statistical comparison of life span using a log-rank test was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Holm-Sidak test was used for multiple comparisons. Level of p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
4
Statistical Analysis of Real-Time PCR and TUNEL Data
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Statistical analysis was done using the SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). To calculate the significance of real-time PCR data, one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, followed by the all pairwise multiple comparison Holm-Sidak test in case of a significant effect. t-tests were used for the statistical analysis of the TUNEL data. All experimental groups were compared to the OGD/R group. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
5
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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Statistical analyses were conducted with SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software; San Jose, CA). All data was tested for normality using the Shapiro—Wilks test. If the data was found to be normally distributed, a one-way ANOVA was performed, subsequently a post hoc multiple pair-wise comparison between exposure groups was carried out with the Holm—Sidak method. Non-normal data was analyzed with ANOVA on ranks using the either the Mann-Whitney or the Kruskal—Wallis H test (H values are reported in all statistics that required the Kruskal—Wallis H test), post hoc multiple pair-wise comparisons between exposure groups were performed with Tukey’s method.
6
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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Data were analyzed using Sigma Plot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). All values were expressed as the means ± SD of at least three independently performed experiments. Statistical analyses were conducted with Student’s t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) by SPSS software version 16.0. Differences with p < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.
7
Vestibular Influences on Gait Dynamics
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All data were checked for normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and equal variance tests. A two-way (WD × GVS) repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc Holm-Sidak method for pairwise multiple comparisons has been performed and used to examine the effects of walking direction (FW or BW), GVS (S+ or S0), and their interaction on the computed parameters. The significance level has been set at p = .05 for all analyses and post hoc statistical power has been calculated. The correlation between parameters are provided as Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient ρ, Pearson’s correlation coefficient r, and prinicipal component analysis (PCA).
Finally, the median (Mdn) scores and interquartile ranges (IQR) related to the four symptom dimensions assessed by the MSAQ questionnaire have been computed from the 16 items scores according to [29 (link)].
All statistical procedures were performed with SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA). Indexes have been computed using R free software environment (v. 3.2.2) [36 ].
Finally, the median (Mdn) scores and interquartile ranges (IQR) related to the four symptom dimensions assessed by the MSAQ questionnaire have been computed from the 16 items scores according to [29 (link)].
All statistical procedures were performed with SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA). Indexes have been computed using R free software environment (v. 3.2.2) [36 ].
8
Effects of Cognitive Tasks on Physiological Parameters
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Data were checked for normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and equal variance tests. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc Holm-Sidak method was performed and used to examine the effects of condition (CTRL, RAVEN or TALK) on the computed parameters. The significance level was set at p = 0.05 for all analyses. The effect size (η2) was calculated as the sum of the squares for the effect of condition divided by the total sum of the squares. In the case of a failed normality test, a Friedman test with post hoc Tukey method has been performed (CV and DS are concerned). All statistical procedures were performed with SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA).
9
Canine Muscular Dystrophy Comparative Analysis
10
Pseudo-ternary Phase Diagrams for Microemulsion Formulation
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Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to determine the region into which the maximum amount of ME formation occurred. The appropriate components from the result of the solubility study were selected to prepare ME by the spontaneous emulsification technique [42 (link)]. Surfactants (mixture of TWEEN 80 and KLVFF-Pluronic F127 in the ratio 1:1) and co-surfactants (ethanol, PEG 400, and PG), namely, Smix, were mixed in different ratios to prepare ME according to the area existing in the phase diagram. For the construction of the phase diagram, the mixtures of oil, Smix, and water at different ratios were formulated using a titration method under continuous stirring until a transparent ME was formed. The determination of the ME region was performed by visual observation for the turbidity. The samples were classified as ME when they appeared visually as clear liquids. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were drawn using SigmaPlot software version 11.0 (Systat Software, Inc., Chicago, IL USA), the areas of the ME regions were measured by ImageJ 1.47v software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).
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