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Proteinase inhibitor cocktail

Manufactured by Roche
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Proteinase inhibitor cocktail is a laboratory reagent used to prevent the degradation of proteins during sample preparation and analysis. It contains a mixture of chemicals that inhibit the activity of various types of proteases, which are enzymes that break down proteins. The core function of this product is to preserve the integrity of protein samples by minimizing proteolytic degradation.

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475 protocols using proteinase inhibitor cocktail

1

Protein-Protein Interaction Assays: Co-IP and GST-Pulldown

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Co-immunoprecipitation assays and GST-pulldown assay were applied for detection of protein–protein interaction. Cells were lysed with 1 ml lysis buffer (containing 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.4), 1% Triton-100, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, and EDTA-free proteinase inhibitor cocktail from Roche) for 1 h on ice. The cell lysates were clarified by spinning at 14,000 rpm for 30 min.
For co-immunoprecipitation assay, INS-1 cells lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-Syt1 antibody. For GST-pulldown assay, 293T cells transfected with the indicated plasmids. The supernatants were incubated with GST-fusion protein coupled to GST-Sepharose 4B resin (GE Healthcare, cat. No. 45-000-139) at 4°C for 4 h. The proteins bound to GST sepharose beads were detected through western blot assay.
Western blot was performed as described [58 (link)]. Briefly, cells were lysed in RIPA buffer containing proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche, cat. no. 04693132001). The resulted cell lysates were separated by SDS-PAGE, the resolved proteins were transferred to PVDF membrane, and then the membrane was blocked with 5% milk in TBST, followed by incubation with primary antibodies and HRP-conjugated secondary antibody. The blots were detected using ECL system (Pierce, Rockford, IL, USA).
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2

Recombinant Protein Purification in E. coli

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Constructs generated for recombinant protein expression were transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) (Life Technologies, USA). Protein expression was induced in cultures with OD600 of 0.6 (mid-log phase) using 0.4 mM isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) at 28 °C for 4 h. Cells were collected by centrifugation and resuspended in 3 mL ice cold lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 0.2 M NaCl, 10% (v/v) glycerol, 1% (v/v) Triton-X-100, 1× proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Mannheim, Germany). Resuspended cells were lysed twice on ice with 2 min sonication using a Bandelin SONOREX (Sigma-Aldrich, Sydney, Australia) sonication bath. Following cell lysis, cell pellets containing inclusion bodies were collected and 5 mL of inclusion body solubilisation buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH8.0, 0.2 M NaCl, 6 M guanidine-HCl, 1 mM DTT, 1× proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Germany) were added to the pellet and mixed at room temperature until the pellets solubilised. Affinity chromatography was used to enrich the His-tagged recombinant proteins using cOmplete Ni-NTA purification resin (Roche, Germany) in a 20 mL chromatography column according to manufacturer’s instructions.
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3

Nuclear Protein Extraction Protocol

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The cells were harvested in PBS and centrifuged at 1,000 g for 10 min at 4°C. After carefully aspirating the supernatant, the cells were resuspended in 200 μL ice-cold BUFFER-I (10 mM Hepes (pH 8.0), 1.5 mM MgCl2, 10 mM KCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche Molecular Biochemicals)) and incubated for 15 min on ice to allow the cells to be lysed, followed by adding 20 μL IGEPAL-CA630. After vigorously vortexing for 10 s and centrifuging at 12,000 g for 5 min at 4 °C, the supernatant (cytoplasmic fraction) was carefully aspirated and the pellet was resuspended with ice-cold BUFFER-II (20 mM Hepes (pH 8.0), 1.5 mM MgCl2, 25% glycerol, 420 mM NaCl, 0.2 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol and proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche Molecular Biochemicals)) and vigorously vortexed. After vortexing, the suspension was placed on ice for 30 min before centrifuging at 15,000 g for 15 min at 4°C. The supernatant (nuclear extracts) was stored in aliquots at -80°C. These samples contained the nuclear proteins. Protein concentration in each sample was determined by the Lowry assay, and Western blot analysis was conducted in order to determine the protein expression.
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4

Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry of BicDR Complexes

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Embryos (12–16 h old) were collected and lysed in homogenization buffer (25 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM EDTA and 1 mM DTT and 1 tablet of proteinase inhibitor cocktail; Roche 11836170001). The aqueous phase of the lysate was collected after 1 h of centrifugation at 21,300 g at 4°C and centrifugation again for 25 min. Subsequently, one part of the aqueous phase was saved as input control, whereas the rest was incubated with Plus Sepharose G beads that were coated with anti-GFP antibody overnight at 4°C, following the protocol of Vazquez-Pianzola et al. (2017) (link). 5–7 washing steps with wash buffer (25 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM EDTA, 1 mM DTT and a half tablet of proteinase inhibitor cocktail; Roche 11836170001) were performed before the beads were either sent for mass spectrometry or prepared with the appropriate amount of SDS for SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. SDS/PAGE bands that were present in the IP from the BicDR::GFP fusion protein were cut out of the gel and sent directly for mass spectrometry at the Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility of the University of Bern. As a control, the equivalent regions of the control lanes were also cut out and used for a mass spectrometric analysis.
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5

Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry of BicDR::GFP

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12–16 hours old embryos were collected and lysed in homogenization buffer (25 mM Hepes pH 7.4; 150mM NaCl; 0.5mM EDTA pH 8.0; 1 mM DTT and 1 tablet of proteinase inhibitor cocktail; Roche 11836170001). The aqueous phase of the lysate was collected after 1 hour of centrifugation at 4°C and centrifuged again for 25 minutes. Subsequently, one part of the aqueous phase was saved as input control, while the rest was incubated with Plus Sepharose G beads that were coated with anti-GFP antibody overnight at 4°C. 5–7 washing steps with wash buffer (25 mM Hepes pH 7.4; 150mM NaCl; 0.5mM EDTA pH 8.0; 1 mM DTT and ½ tablet of proteinase inhibitor cocktail, Roche 11836170001) were performed before the beads were either sent for mass spectrometry or prepared with the appropriate amount of SDS for SDS/PAGE and Western blot. SDS/PAGE bands that were present in the IP from the BicDR::GFP-fusion protein were cut out of the gel and sent directly for mass spectrometry. As a control, the equivalent regions of the control lanes were also cut out and used for a mass spectrometric analysis.
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6

Purification of Recombinant Proteins from E. coli

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Recombinant proteins expressed in E. coli BL21 cells were purified according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Cells expressing MBP or MBP-GW2 were resuspended and sonicated in a buffer containing 20 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.4), 200 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 2 mM PMSF, and proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Total protein extracts were loaded onto a column packed with amylose resin (New England Biolabs). Columns were washed with buffer containing 20 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.4), 200 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, and 1% Triton X-100, and MBP and MBP-GW2 recombinant proteins were eluted with 10 mM maltose.
To purify GST fusion proteins, E. coli cells expressing GST-CHT14, GST-GAPDH, and GST-PGK were resuspended and sonicated in buffer containing 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 2 mM PMSF, and proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Total protein extracts were loaded onto a column packed with glutathione resin (Pharmacia), and columns were washed with buffer containing 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, and 1% Triton X-100. The recombinant proteins GST-CHT14, GST-GAPDH, and GST-PGK were eluted using 10 mM glutathione. All protein concentrations were determined using the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad).
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7

Quantitative Immunoblotting of Neural Proteins

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Cultured cells were lysed in RIPA buffer (Thermo Fisher) with proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). For brain tissues, mouse was perfused from heart with 20 mL of saline before dissection of the injured brain issue. The dissected brain tissue was lysed in T-Per buffer (Thermo Fisher) with proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). The lysate was gently sonicated using probe sonicator (Sonic Ultracell) on ice, followed by centrifugation at 10 000 rpm (5 min at 4 °C). The supernatant was retained and protein concentration was measured by a BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce) using BSA as the standard. The precasted 4–12% Bis-Tris minigel (Invitrogen) was used. The following primary antibodies were used to blot the transferred protein on PVDF membranes: βIII tubulin (1:1000, cat# ab18207, Abcam); Synapsin (1:1000, cat# 2312, Cell Signaling); β-actin (1:5000, cat# 8456, Cell Signaling). The blotting signals were captured from an Amersham Imager 600 (GE Healthcare) device, and semiquantified using ImageJ (NIH).
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8

Immunoprecipitation of AGO1 in Arabidopsis

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9-day-old Arabidopsis roots of EN7::GFP-AGO1 and ACL5::GFP-AGO1 transgenic lines in WT and ktn1-20 backgrounds were collected and ground into powder in liquid nitrogen. Cells were lysed in immunoprecipitation buffer (50 mM Tris 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 4mM MgCl 2 , 2mM DTT, 10% Glycerol, 0.1% NP-40, 1x proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche)) by gentle rotation at 4°C for 30 min. Cell debris was removed by centrifugation twice at 15000 rpm for 20 min at 4°C. The supernatant was incubated with GFP-Trap_MA (ChromoTek) for 2 h with gentle rotation. The beads were washed 5 times with washing buffer (50 mM Tris 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 4mM MgCl 2 , 2mM DTT, 10% Glycerol, 0.5% NP-40, 1x proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Beads were magnetically collected and 10 % GFP-AGO1 immunoprecipitates were boiled in 1X SDS sample loading buffer for protein gel blot analysis and the remainder was subjected to RNA extraction using the TRI reagent.
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9

Recombinant Protein Purification Protocol

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The recombinant proteins were purified according to the manufacturer’s instructions. MBP and MBP–GW2 were purified by resuspending and sonicating the recombinant cells expressing these proteins in a buffer containing 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 200 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 2 mM PMSF, and a proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). Total protein extracts were loaded onto a column packed with amylose resin (New England Biolabs). After washing the column with buffer containing 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 200 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA and 1% Triton X-100, the recombinant proteins were eluted with 10 mM maltose. GST–EXPLA1, GST–EXPLA1m1, and GST–EXPLA1m2 were purified by resuspending and sonicating the cells expressing these proteins in buffer containing 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 2 mM PMSF, and a proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Total protein extracts were loaded onto a column packed with glutathione resin (Pharmacia, Piscataway. NJ, USA). After washing the column with buffer containing 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA and 1% Triton X-100, the recombinant proteins were eluted with 10 mM glutathione. The protein concentrations were determined by the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
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10

Immunoprecipitation of GFP-AGO1 from Arabidopsis Roots

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9-day-old Arabidopsis roots of EN7::GFP-AGO1 and ACL5::GFP-AGO1 transgenic lines in WT and ktn1-20 backgrounds were collected and ground into powder in liquid nitrogen. Cells were lysed in immunoprecipitation buffer (50 mM Tris 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 4 mM MgCl2, 2 mM DTT, 10% Glycerol, 0.1% NP-40, 1x proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche)) by gentle rotation at 4°C for 30 min. Cell debris was removed by centrifugation twice at 15000 rpm for 20 min at 4 °C. The supernatant was incubated with GFP-Trap_MA (ChromoTek) for 2 h with gentle rotation. The beads were washed 5 times with washing buffer (50 mM Tris 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 4 mM MgCl2, 2 mM DTT, 10% Glycerol, 0.5% NP-40, 1x proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Beads were magnetically collected and 10% GFP-AGO1 immunoprecipitates were boiled in 1X SDS sample loading buffer for protein gel blot analysis and the remainder was subjected to RNA extraction using the TRI reagent.
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