Commercial ELISA kits were used to measure the following analytes in plasma as per the manufacturers’ instructions. Kits for measuring IL-1β (range = 2.00–200.00 pg/mL), IL-6 (range = 2.00–200.00 pg/mL), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (range = 4.00–500.00 pg/mL) were from eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA. Kits for measuring fractalkine (range = 0.2–10 ng/mL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (range = 15.60–1000.00 pg/mL) were from R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA. The sensitivity ranges spanned physiologically relevant levels such that plasma was added neat to the assay, except for the CRP assay where plasma was diluted 1:10,000 with PBS. All measurements were carried out in duplicate with control wells containing only PBS included in each assay. The OD value in control wells was subtracted from all test values to adjust for background. Absorbance was measured at 450 nm on a Biotek synergy HT ELISA reader and standard curves generated as specified by kit manufacturer’s instructions.
C reactive protein (crp)
Manufactured by R&D Systems
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Japan, China
CRP is a laboratory equipment product that measures the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in a sample. CRP is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation, and its levels can indicate the presence of infection or other inflammatory conditions. The CRP product provides a quantitative measurement of CRP levels, which can be useful for clinical diagnosis and monitoring of various medical conditions.
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Lab products found in correlation
Interleukin 6 (il 6), by R&D Systems (14 mentions)
Tnf α, by R&D Systems (11 mentions)
Il 1β, by R&D Systems (8 mentions)
Scd14, by R&D Systems (5 mentions)
8 isoprostane, by Cayman Chemical (5 mentions)
Mmp 9, by R&D Systems (4 mentions)
Leptin, by R&D Systems (4 mentions)
Ferritin, by Abcam (3 mentions)
Timp 1, by R&D Systems (3 mentions)
Gdf 15, by R&D Systems (3 mentions)
Adiponectin, by R&D Systems (3 mentions)
Free fatty acids, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Tnf α, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Igf 1, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Scd163, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Hepcidin, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Erythropoietin, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Insulin, by Mercodia (2 mentions)
Cxcl1, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Fgf21, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
61 protocols using c reactive protein (crp)
1
Plasma Analyte Profiling via ELISA
2
Bone and Thyroid Biomarker Assay
3
Plasma Biomarkers Assessment Protocol
4
Evaluating Intestinal Health Markers
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We used commercially available ELISA kits to assess small intestinal damage (intestinal fatty acid binding protein [I-FABP; Hycult Biotechnology, Uden, The Netherlands]); microbial translocation (soluble CD14 [sCD14; R&D Systems] and IgG EndoCAb [Hycult Biotechnology]); immune activation (interleukin-6 [IL-6; R&D Systems], C-reactive protein [CRP; R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA] and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein [AGP; R&D Systems]); and activity of the growth hormone axis (insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1; R&D Systems) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3; R&D Systems]).
5
Phosphorylation of NF-κB in LPS-stimulated Macrophages
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The phosphorylation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB in LPS-stimulated J774A.1 cells was determined with an ELISA kit (#7834S; Cell Signaling Technology) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The J774A.1 cells were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 1 × 106 cells/1 mL of media in each well and allowed to stand overnight. The cells were treated with 10 μM of quercetin and 20 μM of C1 and C1a for 1 h and then stimulated with 100 ng/mL of LPS for 1 h. The proteins were isolated using a cell lysis buffer (Cell Signaling Technology).
The levels of serum myeloperoxidase (MPO; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), C-reactive protein (CRP; R&D Systems), immunoglobulin (Ig) A (RayBiotech, Norcross, GA, USA), and IgG2a (BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA) were measured using ELISA according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Following sacrifice, blood was collected from the mice via cardiac puncture. To isolate the serum, the blood samples were allowed to clot at 25 °C for 1 h and then centrifuged at 2200× g and for 15 min at 4 °C. The supernatant was collected and stored at −80 °C immediately until analysis.
The levels of serum myeloperoxidase (MPO; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), C-reactive protein (CRP; R&D Systems), immunoglobulin (Ig) A (RayBiotech, Norcross, GA, USA), and IgG2a (BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA) were measured using ELISA according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Following sacrifice, blood was collected from the mice via cardiac puncture. To isolate the serum, the blood samples were allowed to clot at 25 °C for 1 h and then centrifuged at 2200× g and for 15 min at 4 °C. The supernatant was collected and stored at −80 °C immediately until analysis.
6
Plasma Biomarker Profiling in Rats
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Rats (n = 6 per group) were anesthetized with isoflurane (2–4%); their blood was withdrawn from the left femoral artery and the plasma samples kept at −80 °C until the analyses. The plasma levels of insulin (Shibayagi, Gunma, Japan), C-reactive protein (CRP), free fatty acids, and corticosterone (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
7
Quantifying Inflammatory Biomarkers
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ELISAs for PGE2 (Cat #514010, Cayman Chemical Company, Ann Arbor, MI), C-reactive protein (CRP) (Cat # DCRP00, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and TGF-β1 (Cat # 88–8350, eBioscience, San Diego, CA) were performed according to manufacturer’s instructions. Total TGF-β1 was measured following acid activation using 1N HCl and neutralization of plasma samples.
8
Plasma Biomarkers of Immune Response
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We used commercially available ELISA kits to measure plasma biomarkers of host immune response to MT (sCD14; [R and D Systems, Inc., Abingdon, UK]); immune activation (C-reactive protein [CRP; R and D Systems]) and soluble (CD163 [sCD163; R and D Systems]).
9
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in SSc
10
Cytokine and CRP Response to LPS Stimulation
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Cytokines were determined by ELISA. C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined in plasma (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and NF-κB determined in whole blood (ABNOVA, Taipei, Taiwan). The remaining cytokines, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNFα, were determined in plasma (R&D Systems) under three conditions: unstimulated baseline; unstimulated whole blood culture baseline; and whole blood culture stimulated with 1 μg/mL LPS. For the cultured conditiones, heparinized whole blood was cultured for 12 h at 37 °C with 5 % CO2, plasma was then collected. There was no difference in cytokine concentrations between the unstimulated baseline and the unstimulated cultured baseline; no further analysis was conducted on the cultured controls. IL-10 is generally considered an anti-inflammatory cytokine, but stimulation with LPS alone converts macrophages to the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype and results in pro-inflammatory IL-10 production.
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