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7 protocols using anti pd 1

1

Apoptosis Detection in Co-Cultured Cells

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K7M2 cells treated with lentiviral transfection were suspended and cultured in a 6-well plate. After 12 h, the CD4+PD-1+ lymphocyte were co-cultured with K7M2 cells. The cells were then divided into four groups, including the control, anti-PD-1 antibody (Anti-PD-1), cisplatin (Cis; Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), and anti-PD-1 antibody combined with cisplatin (anti-PD-1+ Cis) groups. These co-cultured cells were collected and resuspended in 500 μl binding buffer for apoptosis detection following treatment for 24 h. Next, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC; 5 μl) and propidium iodide (PI; 5 μl) were added to the cell suspension and incubated for 10 min at room temperature in the dark; they were then detected within 1 h using FACSCalibur™ Flow Cytometer.
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2

Combination Therapy with Anti-PD-1 and Temozolomide in Mice

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For combination therapy experiments, mice in the anti-PD-1/Temozolomide combined group were given TMZ (Sigma-Aldrich, Madrid, Spain) 60 mg/kg by intragastric administration and anti-PD-1 (Bio X cell, Lebanon, NH, USA) 100 μg/dose via intra-peritoneal injection on the same day, both therapies administered in IMS (every 6 days) from day 11 post-implantation until tumour escape from therapy. Mice in the monotherapy groups received equivalent doses of drugs and control mice received equivalent doses of isotype IgG (Bio X cell, Lebanon, NH, USA) according to the same dosing schedule.
For high dosage (500/250 μg) anti-PD-1 monotherapy experiment, see specific result sections for the detailed anti-PD-1 administration scheme. After treatment, animals meeting endpoint criteria were euthanized by cervical dislocation according to animal welfare protocol advice for ethical reasons. In all the therapy strategies, cured mice were followed up and a re-challenge experiment was carried out (for further details, see Section 4.5).
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3

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tumor Samples

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Archival tissue from the autopsy was obtained and IHC evaluation was performed. Antibodies utilized were anti-CD45RO (Thermo Scientific, cat# MA5–11532, 1:1,600), anti-GZMB (Granzyme B, Biocare cat# ACI 3202 AA, prediluted), anti-Ki67 (Dako, cat# M7240, 1:200), anti-CD4 (StatLab, cat# RM27–10, prediluted), anti-CD8 (StatLab, cat# MM39–10, prediluted), anti-PD-L1 (Cat.#PA5–28115 ThermoFisher, Grand Island, NY; 1:7500), anti-CD68 (PA0191, Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL; prediluted), anti-PD-1 (HPA035981, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO; 1:75), anti-CD20 (PA0906, Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL, prediluted), anti-LAG3 (Cell Signaling, Catalog# 15372, dilution 1:200), CD244 (Proteintech, Catalog# 16677–1-AP, dilution 1:200), CD160 (Abcam, Catalog# ab202845, dilution 1:600). The Bond Polymer Refine detection system or Envision system was used for visualization. Slides were then dehydrated, cleared, and coverslipped.
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4

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tumor Samples

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Archival tissue from the autopsy was obtained and IHC evaluation was performed. Antibodies utilized were anti-CD45RO (Thermo Scientific, cat# MA5–11532, 1:1,600), anti-GZMB (Granzyme B, Biocare cat# ACI 3202 AA, prediluted), anti-Ki67 (Dako, cat# M7240, 1:200), anti-CD4 (StatLab, cat# RM27–10, prediluted), anti-CD8 (StatLab, cat# MM39–10, prediluted), anti-PD-L1 (Cat.#PA5–28115 ThermoFisher, Grand Island, NY; 1:7500), anti-CD68 (PA0191, Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL; prediluted), anti-PD-1 (HPA035981, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO; 1:75), anti-CD20 (PA0906, Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL, prediluted), anti-LAG3 (Cell Signaling, Catalog# 15372, dilution 1:200), CD244 (Proteintech, Catalog# 16677–1-AP, dilution 1:200), CD160 (Abcam, Catalog# ab202845, dilution 1:600). The Bond Polymer Refine detection system or Envision system was used for visualization. Slides were then dehydrated, cleared, and coverslipped.
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5

Multimodal Immunotherapy in Mouse Cancer Models

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We used the following monoclonal antibodies: anti-VEGFA (B20-4.1 mouse IgG2a, 10 mg/kg, Roche); anti-ANGPT2 (murinized LC06 IgG2a, 10 mg/kg, Roche); anti-VEGFA/ANGPT2 (murinized A2V IgG2a, 20 mg/kg, Roche); anti-PD-1 (Rat IgG2a, clone RMPI-14, 10 mg/kg, BE0146 BioXCell), anti-PD-1mut (murine IgG2a PGLALA, 10mg/kg, Roche), anti-PD-L1 (murine IgG1, clone 6E11, 10mg/kg, Roche), and anti-CSF1R (mouse-hamster chimeric IgG1, clone 2G2, 30mg/kg, Roche). Control IgGs were mouse IgG1 (clone MOPC-21; 20-30 mg/kg, Roche), used for B20, LC06, A2V and anti-CSF1R; and rat IgG2a (clone 2A3; 10 mg/kg, BE0089 BioXCell), for anti-PD-1. Therapeutic antibodies and control IgGs were administered once weekly for 3-4 weeks from week 15 post-transduction in KP and KPM mice and week 27 in KPO mice. SV2 tumor-bearing mice were treated once per week for 2 weeks from day 12 post-tumor injection. Rat anti-CD8α depleting mAbs (clone 53-6.7 IgG2a; BioXCell, 4mg/kg) and control rat IgG2a (clone 2A3; 4mg/kg) were administered 3 times per week for 4 weeks, starting at day -3 before treatment initiation. Cisplatin (7 mg/kg, or 3.5 mg/kg when combined with A2V and anti-PD-1; Sigma-Aldrich) was administered once per week for 2 weeks and, following 1 week of break, once per week for another 2 weeks. All therapeutic agents were diluted in sterile PBS and administered i.p.
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6

Quantification of PD-L1 and PD-1 Expression

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The cell surface PD‐L1 expression in the cells were detected by flow cytometry. Cells following various treatments were gently trypsinized and collected by centrifugation. After washed twice with PBS, cells were stained with an anti-PD-L1 antibody (ABF133; Sigma-Aldrich) and anti-STOML2 antibody (ab191883, Abcam). To quantify PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells, whole blood into an EDTA tube was collected and subjected to red blood cell lysis followed by and collected by centrifugation. Cell pellets were subsequently stained with different antibodies for flow cytometry analysis. Cell populations were discriminated by the following antibodies: anti-CD45 (SAB4700587; Sigma-Aldrich), anti-CD3 (SAB4700044; Sigma-Aldrich), anti-CD8 (SAB4700084; Sigma-Aldrich), and anti-PD1 (SAB5701115; Sigma-Aldrich). Cell populations and marker expression were gated and analyzed using the FlowJo software: leukocytes (CD45+), T lymphocytes (CD45+CD3+), and CD8+ T cells (CD45+CD3+CD8+).
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7

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Spinal Cord and DRG

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After appropriate survival times, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane. Spinal cord (L4-L5)/DRG (L3–L5) segments were obtained after perfusion with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 4% paraformaldehyde. The tissues were postfixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and cryoprotected in a 30% sucrose solution. The tissues were embedded inoptimal cutting temperature (OCT) compound medium in advance and sliced into transverse sections (spinal cord sections, 30 μm; DRG sections, 12 μm) with a microtome. After blocking in 3% BSA for 2 h, the sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: anti–PD-1 (1:500, Sigma, rabbit)/anti-HA (1:2,000, Sigma, rabbit)/anti–pSHP-1(1:500, Abcam, rabbit)/IBA 1 (1:1,000, NOVUS, goat). After washing with PBS, the sections were incubated with a Cy3-conjugated secondary antibody (1:1,000) overnight at 4 °C. Images were captured with a Nikon fluorescence microscope.
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