Coolpix b500

The color characteristics (lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*)) values of the tested films were evaluated using a Hunter Lab colorimeter [MiniScan EZ, HunterLab, Reston, VA, USA].
Film opacity [25 (link)] was determined using the following equation based on the film absorbance at 600 nm and the film thickness: $$Opacity=\frac{A}{X}$$
In this equation, A represents the film absorbance at 600 nm, and x represents the film thickness (mm). The film opacity was expressed as A600/mm.
For the film appearance, using a handheld digital camera [Coolpix B500, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan], a digital image of the tested edible films was taken.

Images of seedlings exhibiting phloroglucinol staining were taken on a Leica MZ16 stereo microscope equipped with a Leica DFC320 digital camera. Images of hypocotyl and root length were taken on a Leica SAPO stereo microscope equipped with a Nikon Coolpix B500 camera. Aniline blue-stained cotyledons and root cell bulging were imaged with an Olympus FV1000 setup using an inverted IX81 stand and FluoView software (FV10-ASW version 01.04.00.09) (Olympus Europa GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) equipped with a 10x objective (NA 0.3). For assessing cell bulging a projection of a 5 μm z-stack encompassing seven individual optical sections was used. Aniline blue fluorescence was excited at 405 nm using a diode laser and detected at 425 to 525 nm. H₂DCFDA and EGFP fluorescence excitation was done at 488 nm using a multi-line argon laser and detected at 502 to 536 nm. For the direct comparisons of fluorescence intensities, laser, pinhole and gain settings of the confocal microscope were kept identical when capturing the images from the seedlings of different treatments. Scan speeds were set at 400 Hz and line averages at between 2 and 4. Measurements on digital micrographs were done using ImageJ software [84 (link)]. Images were adjusted for color and contrast using Adobe Photoshop 2020 software (Adobe, San Jose, USA).

The TUG test is a simple yet commonly used test for evaluating lower limb muscle function, mobility and fall risk [54 (link)]. Participants completed an 8-foot TUG by moving from a seated position to standing, walking 8 feet, turning and returning to a seated position as quickly as possible. Time to complete the task was recorded using a video camera (Nikon, Coolpix B500) and analysed using Quintic Biomechanics version 26.0 (Quintic Consultancy Ltd., Birmingham, UK). Participants completed the task three times, with each attempt separated by 30 s of rest. Participants were instructed to complete the course as fast as possible and the fastest time was recorded and used in later analysis.