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Trypsin

Manufactured by HiMedia
Sourced in India, United States, Germany

Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme commonly used in laboratory settings. Its primary function is to facilitate the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. This process is often employed in various experimental procedures, such as cell culture, protein purification, and sample preparation for analytical techniques.

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68 protocols using trypsin

1

Natural Antimicrobial Polymer Formulations

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Sodium alginate with a medium viscosity and high mannuronic acid without inulin were purchased from Hi-media (Mumbai). They were prepared in distilled water and autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min. The low-molecular-weight chitosan (deacetylated chitin, Hi-Media, Laboratories Mumbai), was prepared in distilled water and pure hydrochloric acid (Loba Chemie, Pvt Ltd.—Mumbai, India). Xanthan gum, gum acacia, and carrageenan were purchased from Loba Chemie, Pvt Ltd.—Mumbai, India. Starch, sodium caseinate, pepsin, trypsin, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, trisodium citrate, sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.2), and hydrochloric acid were purchased from Hi-media Laboratories (Mumbai, India). Glacial acetic acid with molar mass of 60.05 g mol−1 was bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Pancreatin, peptone, and bile salt were obtained from Loba Chemie, Pvt Ltd. (Mumbai, India). The De Man Rogosa and Sharpes (MRS) broth and MRS agar used in this work were purchased from Hi-media Laboratories (Mumbai). Indicator microorganisms used for the antimicrobial activity; i.e., Escherichia coli (MTCC No-432), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC No-96), and Bacillus cereus (MTCC No-430), were procured from the Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH; Chandigarh, India).
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2

Comprehensive Cell Culture and Analysis

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RPMI-1640 cell culture media (HiMedia, Thane, India), Fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco, Brough, UK), Antibiotic-Antimycotic (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA), Imatinib (Sigma-Aldrich, Beijing, China), Phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA), Trypsin (Hi-media, Thane, India), miRNA mimic: hsa-miR-203a-5p (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), LipofectamineTM Transfection Reagent (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Methanol (Fisher Scientific, Mumbai, India), Norvaline (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), Dichloromethane (ThermoFisher Scientific, Scoresby, VIC, Australia), N-trimethylsilyl-N-methyl trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). All compounds were of analytical grade and thus diluted in ultrapure water unless otherwise specified.
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3

Culturing Cells for Experiments

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Cells were maintained in exponential state of growth through routine subculture through Trypsinization {Trypsin-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) Solution 1X, HiMedia} and sustained in minimal essential media (MEM) (HiMedia) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HiMedia) and 0.5% antibiotic antimycotic solution-100X (HiMedia) at 37°C in a humidi ed 5% CO 2 atmosphere. Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) [137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , and 2 mM KH 2 PO 4, pH 7.4] was used for all washing and rinsing of cell. Cisplatin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was dissolved in 0.9% NaCl and 4NCO was dissolved in DMSO and then diluted accordingly in MEM for treatment of cells. The DMSO concentration did not exceed 1% in any of the nal treatments. For experiments involving density inhibited cells, cells were allowed to grow to con uence and then the spent medium was aspirated off from the culture dishes and replenished with fresh growth medium to maintain cells in density inhibited state for 4-5 days before performing the experiment [5] (link). All the experiments were done atleast thrice and the results shown are the mean ± SD.
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4

Measuring Cell De-adhesion Dynamics on Hydrogels

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NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were maintained in T75 flasks in DMEM (Himedia) supplemented with 10% FBS (Invitrogen) at 37°C with 5% CO2. For experiments, fibroblasts were cultured on polyacrylamide hydrogels for a period of 24 hours. Quantification of cell spreading and cell shape was performed for at least 100 cells per condition across two independent experiments. For performing de-adhesion experiments, cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Himedia), incubated with 0.25% warm trypsin (Himedia) and immediately imaged in phase contrast using an inverted microscope (Olympus IX71) at 10× magnification. De-adhesion experiments were performed on a temperature controlled stage with temperature set at 37°C. Cells were imaged till they became rounded but remained attached to the substrate. Movies were processed manually in Image J (NIH) to obtain experimental de-adhesion curves (i.e., plots of normalized change in area versus time), which were fitted with Boltzmann curve to determine the de-adhesion time constants and . De-adhesion time constants were obtained for 15 cells per condition across two independent experiments.
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5

Cell Culture Protocol for Biomedical Research

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Cell culture plastic wares were purchased from Eppendorf (Hamburg, Germany). Cell culture media, fetal bovine serum (FBS), PowerUp SYBR Green PCR Master Mix, and High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit were from Invitrogen (CA, USA). Trypsin, penicillin, streptomycin, and charcoalstripped FBS (csFBS) were from HiMedia (Mumbai, India). pMD20 vector was purchased from Clontech (CA, USA). Monoclonal β-Actin (AM4302) antibody and EpiJET Bisulfite Conversion Kit were purchased from Thermo Scientific (PA, USA). Monoclonal CSTA antibody (ab10442) was from Abcam (Cambridge, UK) and polyclonal ERα antibody (sc-543) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (CA, USA).
Progesterone Receptor (PR) antibody (8757S) was from Cell Signaling Technology (Massachusetts, USA). 5-azacytidine (5-aza) was procured from MP Biomedicals (Solon, USA). 17β-estradiol (E2) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (MO, USA). Routine laboratory buffers, solvents and salts were from Merck (Mumbai, India) or SRL (Mumbai, India).
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6

Antioxidant and Enzymatic Activity Assays

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1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 azinobis (3-ethylbenzo-thiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) disodium salt (ABTS), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetra-methylchroman 2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ), Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), N-Hippuryl-His-Leu hydrate (HHL), Alcalase (20 × 104 U g-1, EC 3.4.21.1), Trypsin (25 × 104 U g-1, EC 3.4.21.4) were purchased from Hi Media, Merck and Sigma. Sephadex G-150 was obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade.
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7

Cell Culture Protocol with MTT Assay

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DMEM medium (GIBCO), heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), trypsin, ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),PBS and MTT were purchased from Hi media and Sigma Chemicals. All chemicals and reagents used in this study were at least of analytical grade.
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8

Reagents and Antibodies for Cell Culture Experiments

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Trypan blue, bovine serum albumine (BSA) and gelatin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Olaparib and 3, 4-dihydro-5-[4-(1-piperidinyl) butoxy]-1(2H)-isoquinolinone (DPQ) from Selleckchem, UK. Trypsin, fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotic solution and DMEM were purchased from HiMedia, India. The detail information about antibodies used is given in Additional file 1. Other reagents and bio-chemicals were purchased locally.
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9

Chemotherapeutic Evaluation of Mangiferin

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Mangiferin, Cisplatin, H2-DCFDA, JC-1 and FITC conjugated Annexin V apoptosis detection kit was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO, United States). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), MEM and other chemicals like antibiotics, trypsin etc. was purchased from HIMEDIA (Mumbai, India). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was bought from HyClone (Thermo Scientific Hy-Clone, Logan, UT, United States).
The primers used for RT-PCR were purchased from IDT. The antibodies used were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom), Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA 01923, United States), BioBharati Lifescience (India). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) along with all other necessary chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade and purchased from the SISCO Research Laboratory, Mumbai, India.
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10

HeLa Cell Culture Maintenance Protocol

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The cell
line used in the present study is human cervical cancer cell line,
HeLa cells, obtained from National Centre for Cell Science, Pune,
India. For maintenance of cell lines, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s
medium (Sigma-Aldrich) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco),
antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin),
and amphotericin (0.25 μg/mL) (HiMedia) were employed. The cells
were maintained in CO2 incubators at 37 °C with 5%
CO2 in air and 99% humidity. The passaging of cells when
confluent was carried out using 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid (HiMedia) in phosphate-buffered saline. Experiments were carried
out after 36 h of seeding the cells at appropriate density in suitable
well plates.
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