Fenofibrate

Manufactured by Selleck Chemicals

Sourced in United States

Fenofibrate is a laboratory chemical compound. It is a crystalline solid that is used as a reference standard or analytical reagent in various applications, such as pharmaceutical and analytical chemistry.

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Lab products found in correlation

4 protocols using fenofibrate

SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Drug Screening

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All drugs tested in this study, nafamostat (Medchemexpress), remdesivir (Selleckchem), toremifene (Selleckchem), nelfinavir (Selleckchem), fenofibrate (Selleckchem), and clofzamine (Selleckchem) had a purity >95% and were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to a stock concentration of 10 mM. The drug stocks were diluted in the DM culture medium and flowed through the apical epithelial channel (toremifene 10 μM, nelfinavir 10 μM, fenofibrate 25 μM, clofazamine 1 µM) or EM in the basal microvascular channel (nafamostat 10 μM, remdesivir 1 and 10 µM) based on whether they are normally administered orally or intravenously in humans, respectively. Treatment was started 1 day prior to viral infection and continued for 48–72 h as indicated in figure legends.
For studies on the effects of drugs on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC; Lonza, C2519A) viability, the cells were expanded in EGM-2 medium with 2% FBS (Lonza) and plated at 10,000 cells/well in a 96 well plate. 72 h after plating, wells were treated with fresh medium alone, with medium with DMSO or remdesivir. 48 h after dosing, CellTiter-Glo (Promega #G7571) assay was used to measure cell viability.

Bein A., Kim S., Goyal G., Cao W., Fadel C., Naziripour A., Sharma S., Swenor B., LoGrande N., Nurani A., Miao V.N., Navia A.W., Ziegler C.G., Montañes J.O., Prabhala P., Kim M.S., Prantil-Baun R., Rodas M., Jiang A., O’Sullivan L., Tillya G., Shalek A.K, & Ingber D.E. (2021). Enteric Coronavirus Infection and Treatment Modeled With an Immunocompetent Human Intestine-On-A-Chip. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, 718484.

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Kidney Explant Culture Assay

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Kidneys were surgically isolated from C57BL/6 mice, washed 3 times in cold PBS, then dissected into 2–3 mm³ pieces using autoclaved sterilized scissors and tweezers. Minced kidney explants were suspended in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Gibco) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning) and cultured in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO₂ at 37°C(Luo et al., 2015 (link)). After 24 hours, culture media was changed to DMEM without 10% FBS and treated with DMOG (Selleckchem, #S7483), Chrysin (Selleckchem, #S2281), Fenofibrate (Selleckchem, #S1794), L-carnitine (Selleckchem, #S2388) in normoxia (21% O₂,) or hypoxia condition (1% O₂,). Hypoxic challenge was performed using hypoxia chamber (Whitley H45 Hypoxystation). After treatment, total RNA and protein were isolated for quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis.

Xu P., Chen C., Zhang Y., Dzieciatkowska M., Brown B.C., Zhang W., Xie T., Abdulmalik O., Song A., Tong C., Qi H., Roach R., Kellems R.E., D’Alessandro A, & Xia Y. (2022). Erythrocyte transglutaminase-2 combats hypoxia and chronic kidney disease by promoting oxygen delivery and carnitine homeostasis. Cell metabolism, 34(2), 299-316.e6.

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Fenofibrate Induces Apoptosis in HPV16-Expressing Cells

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Cells were plated in serum-free medium and incubated overnight for cell cycle synchronization. For inducible shRNA-HPV16E6E7 cells, the medium was changed to complete growth medium with or without doxycycline. For fenofibrate treatment, the medium was changed to complete medium with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Thermo Fisher Scientific) or 100 µM fenofibrate (Selleckchem, Houston, TX, USA). The proportion of cells at each stage of the cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide fluorescence (ab139418; abcam). Apoptosis was assessed using a Violet Annexin V/Dead Cell Apoptosis Kit (A35136; Thermo Fisher Scientific) and analyzed by flow cytometry.

O’Neill W.Q., Xie X., Gui S., Yu H., Davenport J., Cartwright T., Storl-Desmond M., Ryu E., Chan E.R., Cao S., Fu P., Teknos T.N, & Pan Q. (2022). Repositioning Fenofibrate to Reactivate p53 and Reprogram the Tumor-Immune Microenvironment in HPV+ Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers, 14(2), 282.

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Metabolic Regulation in Cell Culture

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Recombinant TGF-β1 and recombinant PDGF-BB were purchased from PEPROTECH. α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), IR-780, dimethyl malonate (DMM), dimethyl succinate and aminooxyacetate (AOA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Fenofibrate, sodium succinate, glucose and oligomycin were purchased from Selleck. 2-DG, BAY876, 3-PO, etomoxir, bleomycin, AICAR and vigabatrin were obtained from MCE. Palmitate-conjugated BSA was purchased from Seahorse Bioscience. Oil Red O was from Nanjing Jiancheng Bio-engineering.
Antibodies to GLUT1 (AB_10837075), GLUT3 (AB_10694437), PFK1 (AB_10996606), PPARA (AB_2252506), PPARG (AB_10596794), PGC1A (AB_2828002), PGC1B (AB_2879093), ACOX1 (AB_2221670), CPT1A (AB_2084676), α-SMA (AB_2223009), fibronectin (AB_2105691), Collagen I (AB_2082037), β-Actin (AB_2687938), SDHA (AB_11182164), SDHB (AB_2285522), SDHC (AB_2183291), SLCO4A1 (AB_2880501), HK1 (AB_2878162), PFK2 (AB_2162854), SDHD (AB_2880540), anti-CD36 (AB_10597244) were purchased from Proteintech. Antibodies to HIF-1α (AB_296474), HK2 (AB_2868547) were obtained from Abcam (The number inside the brackets is the Research Resource Identifier (RRID) of antibody). Secondary antibodies to different species IgG of Alexa Fluor® 594 (red) or 488 (green) were purchased from Invitrogen. DAPI and Hoechst 33342 were obtained from Beyotime.

Wang Z., Chen L., Huang Y., Luo M., Wang H., Jiang Z., Zheng J., Yang Z., Chen Z., Zhang C., Long L., Wang Y., Li X., Liao F., Gan Y., Luo P., Liu Y., Wang Y., X.u.T.a.n., Zhou Z., Zhang A, & Shi C. (2021). Pharmaceutical targeting of succinate dehydrogenase in fibroblasts controls bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Redox Biology, 46, 102082.

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