Breath-hold, ECG-gated CMR was performed using the 1.5 T scanner Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) equipped with a cardiac phased array coil. Cine and morphologic imaging was performed in the left ventricular two-chamber, four-chamber, apical long-axis, and short-axis view, encompassing the entire left ventricle (LV). Cine imaging was performed using a balanced steady-state free precession gradient echo technique (slice thickness 8 mm, no gap, matrix 256 × 192, in-plane resolution 1.3 × 1.3 mm, TR/TE 39/1.1 ms, flip angle 59°). Ten minutes after intravenous infusion of 0.15 mmol/kg body weight gadobutrol (Gadovist, Bayer Schering Pharma, Berlin, Germany), late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) imaging was performed using T1-weighted segmented inversion-recovery pulse sequence (slice thickness 8 mm, no gap, matrix 256 × 192, in-plane resolution 1.3 × 1.3 mm, TR/TE 650/4.9 ms, flip angle 30°, TI set to null normal myocardium).
Magnetom sonata maestro class
Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in Germany
The Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system developed by Siemens. It is designed to provide high-quality imaging for medical diagnostics and research applications.
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10 protocols using magnetom sonata maestro class
1
Comprehensive Cardiac MRI Protocol
2
Standardized MRI Acquisition Protocol
3
Contrast-Enhanced MR Angiography of Peripheral Arteries
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All examinations were performed with a 1.5-T unit (Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens Medical Solution, Erlangen, Germany). For each patient, we performed a three-step MR angiography from aortic bifurcation to tibial arteries using a three-dimensional gradient-echo fast low-angle shot sequence after injection of 0.1 mmol/kg of gadobenate dimeglumine (MultiHance, Bracco Imaging SpA, Milan, Italy) at the rate of 2 ml/s, followed by a 20-ml bolus of saline solution at the same injection rate. This sequence was repeated for each of the 3 steps, with the following technical parameters: iliac-femoral (time of repetition [TR] = 3.7 ms; time of echo [TE] = 1.3 ms; flip angle 30°; partition thickness = 1.8 mm; acquisition time from 13 s to 20 s, field of view 360 × 400 mm), femoral-popliteus (TR = 3.32 ms; TE = 1.21 ms; flip angle 30°; partition thickness = 1.7 mm; acquisition time from 13 s to 20 s; field of view 280 × 400 mm); and popliteus-tibial (TR = 3.32 ms; TE = 1.21 ms; flip angle 30°; partition thickness = 1 mm, acquisition time from 13 s to 20 s; field of view 233 × 400 mm). Maximum intensity projection reconstructions were obtained.
4
Cardiac MRI Biventricular Assessment
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Breath-hold, electrocardiographic-gated imaging was performed using a cardiac-phased array coil on a 1.5T whole-body scanner (Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) in left ventricle and right ventricle short-axis and axial views. After scout imaging was performed, cine biventricular imaging, using breath-hold steady-state free precision gradient echo technique, and flow-sensitive imaging at the pulmonary valve level, using free-breathing phase-contrast technique, were performed. The imaging plane for a flow sequence was oriented perpendicularly to the main pulmonary artery at the pulmonary valve level. The velocity encoding was set at 100–550 cm/s to avoid an aliasing artefact.
5
MRI Imaging Protocol for Contrast-Enhanced Studies
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MRA was performed within 10 min from contrast agent injection using a 1.5-T system (Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens Medical Solution, Erlangen, Germany) equipped with a 40 mT/m gradient power and a dedicated phased-array surface coil. The following imaging protocol was acquired: 3 plane (axial, coronal oblique and sagittal oblique) turbo spin-echo T1-weighted fat-saturated sequences (TR/TE = 763/15 ms; slice thickness = 4 mm; FOV = 190 mm × 190 mm; matrix = 256 × 256); oblique coronal turbo spin-echo T2-weighted fat-saturated sequences (TR/TE = 4000/74 ms; slice thickness = 4 mm with 0.8-mm interslice gap; FOV = 240 mm × 240 mm; matrix = 256 × 256); three-timensional dual echo steady state (3D-DESS, TR/TE = 17/6 ms, slice thickness = 0.8 mm, voxel = 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm).
6
Cardiac MRI Biventricular Imaging
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Breath-hold, ECG-gated imaging was performed by use of cardiac phased-array coil on 1.5 T whole-body scanner (Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) in left and right ventricle short-axis and axial views. After scout imaging was performed, cine biventricular imaging, using breath-hold steady-state free precision gradient echo technique, and flow-sensitive imaging at the pulmonary valve level, using free-breathing phase-contrast technique, were acquired. The imaging plane for a flow sequence was oriented perpendicularly to the main pulmonary artery at the pulmonary valve level. The velocity encoding was set at 100–550 cm/sec to avoid an aliasing artefact.
7
Biventricular Cardiac Imaging with ECG-Gated MRI
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Breath-hold, ECG-gated imaging was performed using cardiac phased-array coil on 1.5T whole-body scanner (Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) in LV and RV short-axis and axial views. After scout imaging, cine biventricular imaging, with breath-hold steady-state free precision gradient echo technique, and flow-sensitive imaging at the pulmonary valve level, with free-breathing phase-contrast technique, were acquired. The imaging plane for a flow sequence was oriented perpendicularly to the main pulmonary artery at the level of the pulmonary valve. The velocity encoding was set at 100–550 cm/s to avoid an aliasing artifact.
8
High-Resolution 3D T1-weighted MRI
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T1-weighted images were acquired on a 1.5T Siemens Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class (Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) using a 3D magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo sequence with the following parameters: 1680 ms repetition time, 4.12 ms echo time, 8º ip angle; 160 contiguous sagittal slices, 250x250 mm 2 eld-of-view. A 1 mm isotropic voxel was used to accomplish a good differentiation between tissue types. Children wore a foam headrest and a forehead strap to minimize head motion during scanning.
9
Radiological Evaluation of Rotator Cuff Integrity
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The radiological control at 1 year consisted of MRI at 1.5 Tesla (Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany). The study protocol required T1-Spin Echo oriented transverse, coronal, and sagittal views. T1-TIRM (Turbo Inversion Recovery Magnitude) coronal and sagittal projections were also obtained. Images had a 256 x 256 matrix.
In order to reduce the duration of these controls, imaging was performed only for rotator cuff tendons and muscles. Rotator cuff integrity was evaluated according to Sugaya's classification 47, (link)48 (link) (Figure 2, Table 2). 2. The same radiologist evaluated all images with no information on the patients' clinical evaluation.
In order to reduce the duration of these controls, imaging was performed only for rotator cuff tendons and muscles. Rotator cuff integrity was evaluated according to Sugaya's classification 47, (link)48 (link) (Figure 2, Table 2). 2. The same radiologist evaluated all images with no information on the patients' clinical evaluation.
10
Intraoperative MRI-Guided Neurosurgical Workflow
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Details of the intraoperative workflow and setup have been published before. 13, 21 In summary, imaging started after inducing general anesthesia and rotating the patient into the iopMRI scanner (1.5-T MRI, Magnetom Sonata Maestro Class, Siemens Medical Solutions). The intraoperative sequences were acquired as described previously. 21, 22 Overall, the mean intraoperative scanning time was 13.9 minutes. The data set was fused with preoperative functional MRI data using our neuronavigation software (iPlan 2.6, Brainlab AG). We used the T2-weighted images for segmentation of the lesion and coregistration of functional data (Fig. 1). After planning the ideal trajectory, we transferred the navigation plan to the surgical microscope (OPMI Pentero, Zeiss). Coregistration of preopera-tive and initial intraoperative MRI sequences with anatomical structures was performed with a median error of 1.4 ± 0.7 mm of the navigation system.
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