Hdr cx130

The apparatus in this study consisted of a color display TV (1101 × 661 × 95 mm, Samsung, model LN40T72BDA), which was connected to a laptop computer. The TV screen was located in the center of the cages of 4 individuals. The distance was 1.5 m. Subjects could not touch the TV or camera which was set up near the TV. The behaviors of each subject were recorded by a video camera (Sony HDR-CX130). During the experiment, all cameras ran for 3 hours. The group number and name of each subject was checked by performers and researchers when the experiments used to start.

To measure the impact of the different tomato species on the settling and movement behaviour of the whiteflies, video trials were conducted where a female whitefly was placed on the terminal leaflet of the tomato and its movement was recorded using a high-definition video camera (Sony HD Handycam, HDR-CX130). The whitefly was placed on the underside of the second apical leaf in a clip cage with a piece of transparent perforated plastic over the bottom, with the clip cage constructed so that the whitefly could leave the underside of the leaf, but was not able to reach the topside, only the sides and bottom of the clip cage. A recording of the whitefly was made for 65 min, which incorporated a 5-min period of recovery from the mild CO₂ anaesthetisation used to capture and select the whitefly, and 60 min of data recording. This experiment was conducted for each of the tomato species under study, with 24 replicates per species. The data were analysed for four sets of behaviour over the 60 min: (1) time first present on the leaf (after 5 min recovery period), (2) time between the first and second stationary periods of >5 s on the leaf, (3) time spent moving and (4) time spent on the leaf. Comparisons were made between both tomato species using the Mann-Whitney U test due to deviations from the normal distribution and lack of homogeneity of variances within the data.

Larvae were placed in 96-well plate with 200 μL of embryonic media. Behavioral analysis following light/dark stimuli was used by DanioVision Observation Chamber with EthoVision XT 15 (Noldus, The Netherlands). Larvae in 96-well plate were acclimated to the dark for 20 min and stimulated to six cycles of 10 min of light and dark, respectively. Locomotor patterns following stimuli were represented as distance moved (mm) per 1 min. Locomotor activities were represented as percentage of control group during each stimuli for 10 min (n = 12, triplicates).
Larvae were placed in a 2-channel (blue and yellow) chamber with 10 mL embryonic media. Twenty larvae per group were recorded for 30 min by a digital camera (HDR-CX130, Sony, Japan) mounted 50 cm above the apparatus. Images were acquired from recorded movie per 2 min. Then, each color preference was calculated as a mean of channel in which larvae were located in the acquired images.