The human ERα cDNA was amplified by PCR using primers: forward 5′-TTGGATCCATGACCATGACCCTCCACACCAA-3′ and reverse 5′-TCGAATTCTCA
TTTATCGTCATCGTCTTTGTAGTCGACCGTGGCAGGGAAACCCTC -3′ (reverse primer contains the flag sequence in bold). PCR program was as follows: 95 °C for 60 sec, 59 °C for 60 s, and 72 °C for 90 s for 35 cycles.
Flag-ERα cDNA was cloned into the BamHI and EcoRI site of
pcDNA3.1(+) (Invitrogen). Flag-
pcDNA3.1(+) without the
ERα insert was used as a control (Invitrogen). Flag-ERβ were obtained from Addgene (plasmid #35562). (4 × 10
7) Ishikawa cells and (4 × 10
6) SH-SY5Y cells were treated with transfection mix [
Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) mixed with 40 μg of either pcDNA 3.1(+)/
Flag-ERα or pcDNA /
Flag-ERβ or
pcDNA3.1(+)/Flag] for 20 min. Cells were plated into a 15-cm dish and incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO
2 for 6 h. Fresh phenol red-free and serum-free medium were added, and cells were incubated for an additional 12 h, then treated with E
2, E
3, or bisphenol A (1 × 10
−6 M) for 24 h. Cells were lysed, bound cellular proteins were purified using an anti-Flag antibody cross-linked to agarose beads, washed, and eluted with
3xFlag peptide according to the manufacturer’s product manual (Sigma-Aldrich).
Zhou Y., Gu B., Brichant G., Singh J.P., Yang H., Chang H., Zhao Y., Cheng C., Liu Z.W., Alderman MH I.I.I., Lu L., Yang X., Gao X.B, & Taylor H.S. (2022). The steroid hormone estriol (E3) regulates epigenetic programming of fetal mouse brain and reproductive tract. BMC Biology, 20, 93.