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10 protocols using acetonitrile hplc grade

1

Electrochemical Measurement Protocol

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Ferrocene (Fc) and Na2SO4 were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) was purchased from the Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. Tetra(n-butyl)ammonium perchlorate (TBAP) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. [Ru(bpy)3](NO3)2·5H2O was prepared as previously described20 . All solvents and reagents were of the highest quality available and were used as received, except for TBAP. TBAP was recrystallised from absolute ethanol and dried in vacuo. H2O was purified using a Millipore MilliQ purifier.
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2

Preparation and Characterization of Simulated Gastric Juice

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In the current study, chemicals of extra-pure analytical grade and organic solvents of HPLC grade were used. NZ pure standard (assay (HPLC) = 98.0%), lot No. ALR6837, was from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) was obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Hydrochloric acid (35–37%), sodium carbonate, and sodium nitrite were obtained from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). Ammonium acetate, sodium chloride, and pepsin from porcine gastric mucosa (powder ≥250 units/mg solid) were products of Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). SGJ (pH 1.2) was prepared as per the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) [9 ] by dissolving 2 g of sodium chloride and 3.2 g of pepsin in 7 mL HCl and sufficient water was added to make 1000 mL.
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3

Detailed Lipid Extraction Protocol

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GD1a (d18:1/18:0) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids Corporation (Birmingham, UK). Ammonium formate and methanol were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Chloroform (Reagent Grade 1), ethanol (Reagent Grade 1), formic acid (HPLC grade), and isopropanol (LC/MS grade) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque Company (Kyoto, Japan). Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) was purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Acetic acid was purchased from Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Ultrapure water was purified using Puric-α-01 from Organo Corporation (Tokyo, Japan).
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4

Indolic Compound Identification and Quantification

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Indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan). Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (IAld), and 3-methyl-2-oxindol (MOI) were purchased from Merck, Japan (Tokyo, Japan). Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) was purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Ammonium acetate (AA) was purchased from Merck, Japan. Unless otherwise stated, all chemical reagents used were of analytical grade.
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5

Synthesis of Amine-Functionalized Benzofuran Compounds

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Benzofuran-2-boronic acid, diEthylamine, pyrrole, ethanolamine and benzylethanolamine were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industries (Tokyo, Japan). Palladium(II) acetate (Pd(OAc)2), palladium(II) nitrate (Pd(NO3)2), hexylamine and choline chloride were purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Ethylamine, aniline, diphenylamine, trimEthylamine, TEA, triphenylamine, acetylcholine chloride, L-carnitine, pyridine, piperidine, 1,3-diaminopropane, spermidine, spermine, tris{tris-[3,5bis (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phosphine}palladium (Superstable Pd(0)), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (Pd(PPh3)4), and bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) (Pd(dba)2) were purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan). Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) and palladium(II) chloride (PdCl2) were from Kanto Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). Water was distilled and passed through a Pure Line WL21P system (Yamamoto, Tokyo, Japan). All other chemicals were of the highest purity and quality available. Stock solutions of amine were prepared in acetonitrile at the concentration of 500 μM each.
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6

Deuterated PAHs for Environmental Analysis

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Five deuterated PAHs (d-PAHs) listed in Table 1; naphthalene-d8 (Nap-d8), acenaphthene-d10 (Ace-d10), phenanthrene-d10 (Phe-d10), pyrene-d10 (Pyr-d10), and benzo[a]pyrene-d12 (BaP-d12) were obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., (Osaka, Japan) as environmental analysis grade materials (98% purity). PAHs are usually emitted into the environment as a mixture of various ring components; accordingly, d-PAHs were added to samples in the form of a solution of a mixture (Table 1). Anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), gas chromatography grade, and polyethylenimine (PEI, average MW 1800) were also obtained from Wako (Osaka, Japan). HPLC grade acetonitrile (99.9% purity) and HLC-DISK3 filter (pore size 0.45 μm) were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). All other chemicals were obtained from Wako (Osaka, Japan) as an analytical reagent grade unless stated otherwise.
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7

Quantitative Analysis of Cabozantinib and Erlotinib in Plasma

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Cabozantinib and erlotinib (internal standard, IS) were obtained from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), respectively (Figure 1). The HPLC mobile phases were HPLC-grade acetonitrile, methanol, water (Kanto Chemical, Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan), and KH₂PO₄ (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan). Pooled human plasma collected with EDTA-2Na was purchased from Cosmo Bio Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).
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8

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Activity Assay

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Acetylcholine chloride (ACh), Ang I (>97%), Ang II (>97%), captopril, and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). ACE (EC 3.4.15.1) purified from the rabbit lungs was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Japan K.K. (Tokyo, Japan). Hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine (Hip-His-Leu) was obtained from the Peptide Institute (Osaka, Japan). Ammonium formate, borate, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, formate, hydrochloric acid (HCl), HPLC-grade acetonitrile, sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), magnesium acetate (Mg(CH3COO)2), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), Nonidet P-40, sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3), sucrose, and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was purchased from Watanabe Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Hiroshima, Japan).
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9

HPLC Analysis of Diaminopropane Derivatives

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DAP was purchased from Funakoshi Co., Ltd. (Japan) and was used without further purification. The preparation and storage of aqueous stock solutions of DAP have been reported previously. 14 Analytical grade o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and NDA were commercially available from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. (Japan), and were used without further purification. An OPA derivatizing reagent solution was prepared as a mixture of 0.4 mol/L borate buffer (pH 9), a 1% aqueous solution of OPA, and 2-mercaptoethanol (100:50:1). Also, a 0.1-mmol/L methanol solution of NDA was used, mixed with 45 mmol/L KCN prepared in a 20-mmol/L borate buffer (pH 9.5) solution. HPLC-grade acetonitrile and 2-propanol, used for an HPLC eluent, were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc. (Japan) and used as received. Ultrapure water produced by using a Milli-Q Academic A10 apparatus (Merck Millipore, USA) was used in all experiments. Mouse serum was purchased from Cosmo Bio Co. Ltd. (Japan).
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10

BPA Detection and Quantification

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Environment analysis grade BPA standard, acetone, acetic acid, sodium acetate and biochemistry grade β-glucuronidase solution from Helix Pomatia were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). HPLC grade acetonitrile was purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). BPA-d 16 as surrogate and BPA-d 4 as recovery standard were purchased from CDN isotopes (Quebec, Canada). Purified water was obtained from MiliQ Gradient.
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