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5 protocols using foxo1

1

Transcriptional Profiling of HUVECs

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HUVECs were transfected with APLN, APLNR, FOXO1, or negative control siRNAs (Invitrogen). After 48 hours, RNA was extracted using miRNeasy Mini kit (Qiagen). The RNA was quantified, and the RNA quality was verified using NanoDrop (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip kit (Illumina) was used according to the manufacturer’s protocol by the Yale Center for Genome Analysis. Microarray results were analyzed using the bead array and limma packages in R/Bioconductor (version 2.14/2.09). The gene expression profiling data have been deposited into GEO (GSE67390).
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2

Histological Analysis of Tumor Samples

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Tumors were fixed in formalin overnight before paraffin embedding. Paraffin blocks were sectioned and stained with H&E at the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Rodent Histopathology Core. Immunohistochemistry was carried out using the antibodies Ki67 (Vector), FoxO1, p-Akt (Ser473) (Invitrogen), p-S6rp and p-Erk (Cell Signaling Technology). TUNEL assays were conducted using the ApoTag Plus Peroxidase in situ TUNEL Apoptosis Kit (Millipore) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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3

Histological Analysis of Tumor Samples

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Tumors were fixed in formalin overnight before paraffin embedding. Paraffin blocks were sectioned and stained with H&E at the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Rodent Histopathology Core. Immunohistochemistry was carried out using the antibodies Ki67 (Vector), FoxO1, p-Akt (Ser473) (Invitrogen), p-S6rp and p-Erk (Cell Signaling Technology). TUNEL assays were conducted using the ApoTag Plus Peroxidase in situ TUNEL Apoptosis Kit (Millipore) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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4

Molecular Analysis of MIN6 Cell Regulation

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MIN6 cell culture, RNA isolation and first-strand cDNA synthesis, and preparation of pLKO.1-Pdx1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentivirus all were performed as previously described (16 (link)). TaqMan assay numbers (Invitrogen) were as follows: mouse actin B, 4352933; IRS2, Mm003038438_m1; Bim, Mm00437796_m1; and Puma, Mm00519268_m1. The pLKO-Bim shRNA (TRCN0000009692), IRS2 shRNA (TRCN00000055110), and FoxO1 (TRCN0000054880) lentiviral vectors were purchased from Thermo Scientific. Lentivirus was added to the medium on day 1. The blots were probed with antibodies against IRS2 (3089; Cell Signaling), Puma (7467; Cell Signaling), cleaved caspase-3 (9661; Cell Signaling), FoxO1 (2880; Cell Signaling), p-AKT and AKT (9916; Cell Signaling), Bcl-xL (2762; Cell Signaling), Bcl-2 (554218; Pharmingen), BAD (sc-943; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), Mcl-1 (sc-819; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), Bim (202000; Calbiochem), and β-actin (A-2066; Sigma-Aldrich).
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5

Quantitative Real-Time PCR Protocol

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The PCR reactions were performed based on Taq-Man chemistry using the probes specific for the following genes: Csf1 (Mm00432686_m1), Ccr6 (Mm99999114_s1), Cxcr4 (Mm01996749_s1), Drg1 (Mm00492246_m1), Foxo1 (Mm00490672_m1), Nf2 (Mm00477771_m1), Nedd9 (Mm01324843_m1), Mmp14 (Mm00485054_m1), Spp1 (Mm00436767_m1), Flt1 (Mm00438980_m1), Plaur (Mm01149438_m1), Tgfb1 (Mm01178820_m1), Pgk1 (Mm00435617_m1), and Rpl13a (Mm01612987_g1) (all Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Each amplification cycle was performed at 95 °C for 15 s and at 60 °C for 1 min (total 40 cycles) in ViiA™ 7 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Twenty-five nanograms of cDNA were used for a single reaction and each sample was prepared in triplets (technical repetition). The relative quantification level of examined gene expression, referred to as fold change, was calculated based on differences in ΔΔCt values of the studied genes in relation to control housekeeping genes (Pgk1 or Rpl13a) by using DataAssist 3.01 software (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
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