N hydroxysuccinimide nhs

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA, 99% Mw = 30,000–70,000) and PLGA [poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) lactide:glycolide = 75:25, Mw = 4000–15,000] were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich Company (Shanghai, China). N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) were purchased from Acros Organics Company (Geel, Belgium). Carboxyl-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 30 nm were purchased from Huier Nano Technology Co., Ltd. (Henan, China). PSMA-targeting polypeptide (CQKHHNYLC, C₁–C₉ disulfide) was obtained from Beijing SciLight Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).

3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA), transferring, immunoglobulin G (IgG), Acetonitrile (ACN), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, Mo, USA). 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) was obtained from Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA). N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) was purchased from Acros (New Jersey, USA). HAuCl₄ was purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). NaOH, NaCl, HCl, HNO₃, absolute ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine (EOA) were of analytical reagent grade from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). Antibody of human insulin was purchased from the Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. ITO slides (10 Ω/sq) were purchased from Kaivo Electronic Components Co., Ltd. (Zhuhai, China). All reagents and solvents were used as received. Triply distilled water was used for the preparation of all solutions and rinsing.

Chitosan (CS, molecular weight 250 kDa with a degree of deacetylation 80–95%), ethanol (99.8%), methanol (purity 99.9%), hydrochloric acid (37%, HCl), Sulfuric acid (purity 95%), 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), 4- aminophenylacetic acid (CMA), sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and glyphosate (GLY) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, France. N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) was purchased from Acros Organics, France.
Multichannel potentiostat (Biologic-EC-Lab VMP3) analyser was used for all electrochemical measurements. Transducer with four bare-gold working microelectrodes (WE, S = 0.64 mm²/unit), two Ag/AgCl reference microelectrodes (RE, S = 0.13 mm²/unit) and one counter microelectrode (CE, S = 1.37 mm²). It was fabricated at the National Center for Microelectronics (CNM), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.

Graphene oxide (GO) (N002-PS) and quantum dots (QD) (QSA-490, CdSSe/ZnS core/shell QDs with amine group) were purchased from Angstron Materials (Dayton, OH, USA) and Ocean NanoTech (San Diego, CA, USA), respectively. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), mercaptoacetic acid (MAA), chitosan (deacetylation degree = 98%, molecular weight = 1.5 × 10⁵ Da), 2-morpholinoethane sulfonic acid (MES), 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, (MTT), 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI), folic acid (FA), doxorubicin (DOX) hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were obtained from Acros (Geel, Belgium). Potassium salt of D-luciferin was obtained from Gold Biotechnology, Inc. (New Taipei City, Taiwan). Hyaluronic acid (HA, sodium hyaluronate) from Streptococcus zooepidemicus with an average molecular weight of 1.8 × 10⁶ Da was purchased from Bloomage Freda Biopharm Co. (Jinan, China). Minimum Essential Medium (α-MEM, ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS, HyClone, Logan, UT, USA) were used for cell culture.