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γ butyrolactone gbl

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γ-butyrolactone (GBL) is a colorless, odorless liquid chemical compound. It is commonly used as a solvent and intermediate in various industrial and research applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (3 mentions) Tert butylpyridine tbp, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Hydroiodic acid hi, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions) N n dimethylacetamide dmac, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Spiro meotad, by Xi'an Yuri Solar Co. (1 mentions) Ch3nh3i, by Xi'an Yuri Solar Co. (1 mentions) Lithium bis trifluoromethylsulfonyl imide li tfsi, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (edta), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Ethanolamine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Methylamine solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Zn ch3coo 2 2h2o, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) 2 methoxyethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Lead iodide pbi2, by Merck Group (1 mentions) N butyryl l homoserine lactone c4 hsl, by Cayman Chemical (1 mentions) N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Acetone, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pbbr2, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ethyl acetate etoac, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dimethylformamide dmf, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

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γ-butyrolactone (35 citations) γ- butyrolactone (GBL) solvent (2 citations)

13 protocols using γ butyrolactone gbl

1

Synthesis of Polyimide Nanocomposites

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Bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BCDA), 3,4′-oxydianiline (3,4′-ODA), and 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene (1,3,3-APB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used without further purification. γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) from Sigma-Aldrich were selected as solvents and dried overnight with molecular sieves prior to use. Colloidal silica solution, which contains ca. 20 wt% of 20 nm SiO2 nanoparticles in DMAc, was provided from Nissan Chemical (Tokyo Japan).
Hsieh C.W., Li B.X, & Suen S.Y. (2021). Alicyclic Polyimide/SiO2 Mixed Matrix Membranes for Water/n-Butanol Pervaporation. Membranes, 11(8), 564.
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2

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Fluorine-doped tin oxide glass (FTO) was obtained from YingKou OPV Tech New Energy Co. Ltd. Acetone, isopropanol, n-butyl alcohol and APMS were obtained from Aladdin. Bis(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O′)bis(propan-2-olato)titanium, PbI2, γ-butyrolactone (GBL), tert-butylpyridine (tBP) and lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CH3NH3I and spiro-MeOTAD were purchased from Xi'an Polymer Light Technology Corp.
Wang Y.Q., Xu S.B., Deng J.G, & Gao L.Z. (2017). Enhancing the efficiency of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via interfacial engineering with 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane hydrolysate. Royal Society Open Science, 4(12), 170980.
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3

Methylamine-Based Perovskite Synthesis

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Methylamine solution (33 wt% in absolute ethanol), PbI2 (99%), and hydroiodic acid (HI) (57 wt% in water, γ‐butyrolactone (GBL, 99%) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich and used as received without further purification. EDTA, Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, 2‐methoxyethanol and ethanolamine were purchased from Alfa Aesar and without any purification.
Wang Z., Zhu X., Feng J., Wang C., Zhang C., Ren X., Priya S., Liu S.(, & Yang D. (2021). Antisolvent‐ and Annealing‐Free Deposition for Highly Stable Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells via Modified ZnO. Advanced Science, 8(13), 2002860.
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4

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I, Dyesol-Timo Co. Ltd., Seongnam, South Korea), lead iodide (PbI2, 99%, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), γ-butyrolactone (GBL, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were used to prepare the CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) precursor. Acidic PEDOT:PSS (AI 4083, Heraeus Company, Hanau, Germany) and neutral PEDOT:PSS (Neutral PEDOT:PSS, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were used as HTLs. Imidazole present in the neutral PEDOT:PSS affects the pH of the HTL solution. PCBM (6,6-phenyl-C70 butyric acid methyl ester)/titanium(VI) isopropoxide (TiOx, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used as the electron transport layer in PSCs.
Kim M., Yi M., Jang W., Kim J.K, & Wang D.H. (2020). Acidity Suppression of Hole Transport Layer via Solution Reaction of Neutral PEDOT:PSS for Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics. Polymers, 12(1), 129.
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of AHLs

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Unless otherwise noted, all chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical col (St. Louis, MO), and all enzymes used for cloning were purchased from New England BioLabs (Beverly, MA). The lactones assayed as substrates, γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and tert-butyl(tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl)carbamate (t-BOC-HSL), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) and N-3-oxo-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C8-HSL) were from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI). N-Pentanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C5-HSL), N-hexanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N-heptanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C7-HSL), N-octanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), N-decanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL), N-dodecanoyl-(S)-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL), and N-cinnamoyl-(S)-HSL (C-HSL) were synthesized from (S)-α-amino-γ-butyrolactone hydrochloride and the corresponding acyl chloride similar to the methods described previously.14 (link), 18 (link) Substrate stock solutions were prepared in methanol, with the final assay mixtures containing 1% methanol cosolvent.
Mascarenhas R., Thomas P.W., Wu C.X., Nocek B.P., Hoang Q.Q., Liu D, & Fast W. (2015). Structural and Biochemical Characterization of AidC, a Quorum-Quenching Lactonase With Atypical Selectivity. Biochemistry, 54(28), 4342-4353.
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6

Synthesis of MAPbI3 Microcrystals

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A 0.8 m MAPbI3 precursor solution was prepared by mixing 461 mg PbI2 (99% from Sigma‐Aldrich) and 159 mg MAI (99% from Sigma‐Aldrich) in 1.25 mL γ‐butyrolactone (GBL, ≥99% from Sigma‐Aldrich). The solution was stirred for 2 h at 60 °C. To prepare MAPbI3 microcrystals, the MAPbI3‐GBL precursor solution was diluted 1:2000 (concentration of 4 × 10−4 m). 20 µL of this solution were drop‐cast on a glass substrate. Finally, the sample was annealed at 80 °C for 20 min by placing the glass substrate on a temperature‐controlled heating plate. All preparations were carried out in ambient air. This method usually leads to polycrystalline perovskite particles of various size from tens of nanometers to tens of micrometers dispersed on the glass surface.
Galle M.H., Li J., Frantsuzov P.A., Basché T, & Scheblykin I.G. (2022). Self‐Healing Ability of Perovskites Observed via Photoluminescence Response on Nanoscale Local Forces and Mechanical Damage. Advanced Science, 10(1), 2204393.
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7

Synthesis of Lead Halide Perovskites

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CsBr (99.99%), PbBr2 (99.99%), N,N-dimethylformamide (anhydrous, 99.8%), acetone (99.9%), ethyl acetate (EtoAC) (anhydrous, 99.8%), γ-butyrolactone (GBL) (99.9%), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (anhydrous, 99.9%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All reagents were used as received from Sigma-Aldrich without further purification.
Cho S, & Yun S.H. (2020). Structure and optical properties of perovskite-embedded dual-phase microcrystals synthesized by sonochemistry. Communications Chemistry, 3, 15.
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8

Perovskite Solar Cell Material Synthesis

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The CH3NH3X (X = Cl, Br, and I) were purchased from Dyesol and used as received. Lead halide PbX2 (X = Cl, Br, and I) dimethylformamide (DMF) and γ-butyrolactone (GBL) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. PET film (2.5 µm thick) was purchased from 2spi.com.
Yu W., Li F., Yu L., Niazi M.R., Zou Y., Corzo D., Basu A., Ma C., Dey S., Tietze M.L., Buttner U., Wang X., Wang Z., Hedhili M.N., Guo C., Wu T, & Amassian A. (2018). Single crystal hybrid perovskite field-effect transistors. Nature Communications, 9, 5354.
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9

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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All reagents were used without purification: titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) (Ti(acac)2OiPr2) (75 wt % in isopropanol, Sigma-Aldrich); 1-butanol (1-BuOH) (99.5%, Chempur); chlorobenzene (CB) (99.5%, Chempur); acetonitrile (99.8%, Sigma Aldrich); PbI2 (99.99%, TCI); methylammonium iodide (MAI) (>99.99%, Greatcell Solar Materials); γ-butyrolactone (GBL) (≥99%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); N2,N2,N2′,N2′,N7,N7,N7′,N7′-octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,9′-spirobi [9H-fluorene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetramine (Spiro-OMeTAD) (99%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) (98%, Sigma Aldrich); bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI) (99%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).
Sławek A., Starowicz Z, & Lipiński M. (2021). The Influence of the Thickness of Compact TiO2 Electron Transport Layer on the Performance of Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells. Materials, 14(12), 3295.
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10

MAPbI3 Single Crystal Synthesis

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PbI2 (5.5 g, 99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich) and CH3NH3I (2.0 g, 99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich) was mixed in γ-butyrolactone (GBL, 10.0 mL, AR ≥99%, Sigma-Aldrich), then the growth solution would be achieved by sealing the mixed solution in a glass bottle with stirring at 60 °C for 1 h under dark. The glass bottle with a growth solution was left in the oven at 100 °C under illumination for a certain time. All the operations were carried out under dark condition except the special light source used in the experiment. MAPbI3 single crystals with different sizes can be obtained by controlling the light intensity and illumination time on the precursor solution.
Wang S., Wang Y., Wei Q, & Wang J. (2022). Photo-enhanced growth of lead halide perovskite crystals and their electro-optical properties. RSC Advances, 12(43), 27775-27780.
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