Populus tomentosa clones (TC1521) were grown in culture on a half-strength Murashige–Skoog (MS) medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962 (link)) (pH = 6.2) containing 20 g L–1 sucrose (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States) and 0.4 mg L–1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (Sigma-Aldrich) at 25°C under a 16/8 h (day/night) photoperiod. Sixty-day-old plants were transferred into a hydroponic solution with sufficient N level for 5 days, which was changed for fresh solution every 2 days. The plants were then transferred to a solution with or without sufficient N as the control and treatment groups for 3 days as described previously (Ren et al., 2015 (link)). Briefly, plants were grown in modified half-strength mass spectrometry (MS) liquid medium (pH = 6.2) with 2 mM NH4NO3 (Sigma-Aldrich) and 1 mM KNO3 (Sigma-Aldrich) as sufficient N conditions (KK) (control) or with.01 mM NH4NO3 and 1 mM KCl (Sigma-Aldrich) instead of KNO3 for low-N treatment (DN). Whole P. tomentosa plants were harvested in the midmorning, immediately frozen in liquid N, and stored at −80°C.
Nh4no3
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States
NH4NO3 is an inorganic chemical compound that serves as a solid source of nitrogen. It can be used in various laboratory applications that require a nitrogen-containing compound.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Nh4 2so4, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Kh2po4, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Sucrose, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Nh4h2po4, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Nh4cl, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Cuso4 5h2o, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Al2 so4 3 18h2o, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Cacl2, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Mgso4, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Maltose, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Nano3, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L 1 sucrose, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nitric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Agilent 1200, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Agilent 7500cx, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Yeast extract, by BD (1 mentions)
Sucrose, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Tryptic soy broth (tsb), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
30 protocols using nh4no3
1
Nitrogen Stress Response in Populus tomentosa
2
Arsenic Speciation Analysis by HPLC-ICP-MS
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The process of determination of arsenic speciation as described previously (Lin et al., 2014 (link)). Freeze-dried samples were extracted with 10 ml of 1% nitric acid (Merck, Germany) in a microwave-accelerated reaction system (CEM Microwave Technology, UK). This system was provided with a stably increasing temperature from 55 to 75°C within 10 min. Then the extracts were heated at 95°C for 30 min. Finally, the extracted solutions were centrifuged and passed through a nylon filter with a size of 0.22 μm. Arsenic speciation of cells was determined using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Agilent 1200, Japan) coupled with inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Agilent 7500cx, USA) as described previously (Lin et al., 2014 (link)). The mobile phases consisted of 6.67 mM of NH4H2PO4 (Merck, Germany) and 6.67 mM of NH4NO3 (Merck, Germany) at pH 6.2. Arsenic speciation in the samples were identified by comparing their retention times to the standards including arsenite, arsenate, dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) (Chem Service, PA, USA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) (Beijing Chemicals, China).
3
Microbial Growth Media and Nitrogen Sources
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Culture media (Brain heart infusion (BHI), M17, MRS, tryptic soy broth (TSB) and LB media) and inorganic nitrogen sources ((NH4)2SO4, NH6PO4, NH4NO3 and NH4Cl) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Carbon sources (fructose, glucose, galactose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, sorbitol and mannitol) were obtained from Fisher Chemical (Loughborough, United Kingdom), while organic nitrogen sources (yeast extract, meat extract, peptone and soytone) were from BD (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA).
4
Synthesis of Aluminosilicate Zeolites
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Tetraethyl orthosilicate
(TEOS, 98 wt %), tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH, 40 wt % aqueous
solution), aluminum isopropoxide (AIP, 97 wt %), HNO3,
NaOH, NH4NO3, and (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O were purchased
from Merck (Germany) and used with no further purification.
(TEOS, 98 wt %), tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH, 40 wt % aqueous
solution), aluminum isopropoxide (AIP, 97 wt %), HNO3,
NaOH, NH4NO3, and (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O were purchased
from Merck (Germany) and used with no further purification.
5
Isotopic Labeling for Metabolic Analyses
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Methanol (MeOH, LC–MS CHROMASOLV®), acetonitrile (ACN, LC–MS CHROMASOLV®) and formic acid (FA, MS grade, ~ 98% purity) were purchased from Riedel-de Haën, Honeywell (Seelze, Germany). The ultra-pure water was obtained from an ELGA Purelab system Veolia Water (Ultra AN MK2, Vienna, Austria). The salts KOH (≥ 99.5%), NH4NO3 (≥ 99%), Na2MoO4*2H2O, KH2PO4 (≥ 99.8%), KNO3 (65%) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and MgSO4*7H2O, ZnSO4*7H2O, Ca(NO3)2*4H2O, Ferric sodium - EDTA (C10H12N2NaFeO8), MnCl2*4H2O, ZnSO4*7H2O, CuSO4*5H2O (> 98%) from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). NH4NO3 (15N, 98 atom %), Ca(NO3)2 (15N, 98 atom %), KNO3 (15N, 98 atom %) and 13CO2 (99% purity) was purchased from Eurisotop (St-Aubin, France) while CO2 and synthetic air were obtained from Messer (Gumpoldskirchen, Austria).
6
Solvent Extraction of Lanthanides
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Tricaprylammonium chloride (Aliquat® 336, [A336][Cl], 88.2–90.6%), dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6, ≥98%), LiCl (99%) and HNO3 (≥65%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Diegem, Belgium). SmCl3·6H2O (99.9%) and Eu(NO3)3·6H2O (99.9%) were purchased from Strem Chemicals, Inc. (Newburyport, USA). Sm(NO3)3·6H2O (99.9%) and LiNO3 (anhydrous, 99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Karlsruhe, Germany). EuCl3·6H2O (99.9%), Sr(NO3)2 (99.9%) and granular zinc (30 mesh, ≥99.7%) were purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). SrCl2·6H2O (≥99%), NH4Cl (≥99.8%), Na2SO4 (≥99%) and acetonitrile (≥99.5%) were purchased from Chem-Lab (Zedelgem, Belgium), as well as the Sm, Eu, Zn and Cu standard solutions (≥99.99%, 1000 μg mL−1, 2–5% HNO3, Plasma HIQU). NH4NO3 (≥99%) was purchased from Merck Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany). All products were used as received, without any further purification steps. Aqueous samples were prepared with Milli-Q water (18.2 MΩ cm at 25 °C).
7
Synthesis of Zeolite Catalysts
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The materials used in the synthesis of zeolite catalysts were laboratory-grade and of high purity, which include: sodium hydroxide (NaOH, Merck Co.), aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, Merck Co.), Colloidal Silica (40 wt% SiO2, Merck Co.), tetraethyleammonium bromide (C8H20NBr, Merck Co.), deionized water, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3, Merck Co.).
The molar composition of the precursor solution was: 100SiO2 : xAl2O3 : 20TPA : 10Na2O : 20.5NH4F : 2000H2O (x = 2.5, 1.25, 0.83, 0.625, 0.3125, and 0.1562. From here on, they are referred to as Z20 (Si/Al = 20), Z40 (Si/Al = 40), Z60 (Si/Al = 60), Z80 (Si/Al = 80), Z160 (Si/Al = 160) and Z320 (Si/Al = 320), respectively). TEABr (tetraethylammonium bromide) was used as the template. After all the materials were mixed properly under 500 rpm at room temperature, the solution was aged for 24 h. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave equipped with a Teflon liner, in which it was crystallized at 145 °C for 120 h. Then the resulting mixture is washed thoroughly (until reaching neutral pH) with deionized water. After drying at 105 °C overnight, the powder was calcinated at 550 °C for 4 h. Finally, ion exchange with 2.0 M NH4NO3 solution was performed two times for 10 min at 85 °C to remove sodium from the zeolite structure, then it was washed and filtered, and after drying, it was calcined at 550 °C for 4 h.
The molar composition of the precursor solution was: 100SiO2 : xAl2O3 : 20TPA : 10Na2O : 20.5NH4F : 2000H2O (x = 2.5, 1.25, 0.83, 0.625, 0.3125, and 0.1562. From here on, they are referred to as Z20 (Si/Al = 20), Z40 (Si/Al = 40), Z60 (Si/Al = 60), Z80 (Si/Al = 80), Z160 (Si/Al = 160) and Z320 (Si/Al = 320), respectively). TEABr (tetraethylammonium bromide) was used as the template. After all the materials were mixed properly under 500 rpm at room temperature, the solution was aged for 24 h. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave equipped with a Teflon liner, in which it was crystallized at 145 °C for 120 h. Then the resulting mixture is washed thoroughly (until reaching neutral pH) with deionized water. After drying at 105 °C overnight, the powder was calcinated at 550 °C for 4 h. Finally, ion exchange with 2.0 M NH4NO3 solution was performed two times for 10 min at 85 °C to remove sodium from the zeolite structure, then it was washed and filtered, and after drying, it was calcined at 550 °C for 4 h.
8
Biocatalytic Production of Antioxidant Compounds
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Analytical grade solvents and double distilled water were used
in all steps. Salicyaldehyde, 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole, glacial acetic
acid, HPLC grade ethanol, HNO3, HClO4, KBr,
and resazurin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Glucose, NH4NO3, Na2HPO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4, CuSO4 5H2O, CaCl2, FeSO4, ZnSO4, Na2MoO4, MnSO4, H3BO3, and acetate
salts of different metal ions were purchased from Merck. Yeast extract,
potato dextrose broth, and DMEM media was purchased from Hi-Media.
AGS and MCF-12 cell lines were purchased from NCCS, Pune, and Trametes versicolor was isolated from Pondicherry. 1H NMR and 13C NMR were measured using BrukerAV-400
spectrometer. Mass spectra were measured on a Thermo fleet LC-MS spectrometer.
Measurements were made with a Eutek pH-Tutor.
in all steps. Salicyaldehyde, 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole, glacial acetic
acid, HPLC grade ethanol, HNO3, HClO4, KBr,
and resazurin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Glucose, NH4NO3, Na2HPO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4, CuSO4 5H2O, CaCl2, FeSO4, ZnSO4, Na2MoO4, MnSO4, H3BO3, and acetate
salts of different metal ions were purchased from Merck. Yeast extract,
potato dextrose broth, and DMEM media was purchased from Hi-Media.
AGS and MCF-12 cell lines were purchased from NCCS, Pune, and Trametes versicolor was isolated from Pondicherry. 1H NMR and 13C NMR were measured using BrukerAV-400
spectrometer. Mass spectra were measured on a Thermo fleet LC-MS spectrometer.
Measurements were made with a Eutek pH-Tutor.
9
Optimizing GABA Production by LAB
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The optimization of GABA production was done to determine the influence of fermentation conditions such as pH (3.5-7), glutamic acid concentration (0-600 mM), culture temperature (30-42°C), incubation time (0-108 h), 0.1-0.9% inoculum level (109 CFU/ml), 3% carbon (w/v), and 0.3% nitrogen (w/v) sources on GABA production by selected LAB. HPLC was used to measure the GABA content in the supernatants. Chemicals involved in this optimization are glutamic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, 99%), glucose (Merck, pure), maltose (Merck, pure), sucrose (Merck, pure), NH4NO3 (Merck, pure), peptone (Merck, pure), skim milk (Intrasol), and yeast extract (Merck, pure).
10
Optimizing Keratinase Production in Bacillus
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The effect of carbon source supplementation on keratinase production by Bacillus sp. Nnolim-K1 was studied by supplementing the fermentation medium with the following saccharides (xylose, mannitol, glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, soluble starch, galactose, lactose, and sorbitol; Merck Chemicals (Pty) Ltd., Modderfontein, Gauteng, South Africa) at a final concentration of 0.1% (w/v). Similarly, 0.02% (w/v) of different nitrogen sources such as yeast extract, beef extra, malt extract, casein, gelatin, tryptone, urea, peptone, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, KNO3, NaNO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)H2PO4, and (NH4)2HPO4 (Merck chemicals (Pty) Ltd., Modderfontein, Gauteng, South Africa), was individually added to the fermentation medium. The optimal concentration of the best carbon source was determined by varying the concentration from 0.1% to 0.8%.
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